How has the role of women changed over the decades? by Elizabeth Milagros Pantoja Aguilar

Kathrine Switzer

epantoja12 — 2022-06-30 05:54:39 UTC

In 1967, Kathrine Switzer made history by becoming the first woman to run the Boston Marathon with an official race number. She did so despite the efforts the race director to remove her from the course.

Finally, in 1972, the Boston Marathon established an official women's race. According to Switzer, she understood the gravity of her participation and accomplishment: I knew if I quit, nobody would ever believe that women had the capability to run 26-plus miles. If I quit, everybody would say it was a publicity stunt.

Switzer became a crusader for women's sports, a journalist, an author, and a TV commentator.

https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathrine_Switzer

Marie Curie (Omar Baca)

2022-07-01 13:53:33 UTC

She was a pioneering physicist, mathematician and chemist in the field of radioactivity. Marie was not only the first woman, but the first person to receive two Nobel Prizes in different specialties: Physics (1903) and Chemistry (1911), and the first woman to teach at the University of Paris.
 
He discovered Polonium and Radio, and also studied their radioactivity from these

Marie Curie | CONICYT. (s. f.). Conicyt Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica. Recuperado 30 de junio de 2022, de https://www.conicyt.cl/mujeres-en-ciencia-y-tecnologia/mujeres-destacadas/premios-nobel/marie-curie/
colaboradores de Wikipedia. (2022, 30 junio). Marie Curie. Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre. Recuperado 30 de junio de 2022, de https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Curie

Michelle Obama (Vania Schwarz)

2022-07-01 15:09:24 UTC

She was born on January 17, 1964, in Chicago, Illinois; the daughter of Fraser Robinson and Marian Shields Robinson. Obama grew up in one of the poorest neighborhoods on The South Side of South Carolina; however, she finished studying sociology and African-American studies at Princeton University and attended Harvard Law School, one of the most important universities around the world.
Working at the Sidley Austin law firm (specializing in intellectual property law), she met Barack Obama in 1989; in 1991 she worked as an aide to Chicago Mayor.
As she dedicated herself to working in non-profit organizations, was Associate Dean of Student Services at the University of Chicago and Vice President of Community and External Affairs of the Medical Center of the same university. Then, when her husband, Barack Obama, announced his US Democratic presidential candidacy, Michelle left her post at the University of Chicago to campaign for a year in 2007.
However, at the 2008 Democratic National Convention, Michelle showed her public speaking skills because at the close of the first day, she gave an emotional speech regarding lessons from her life and her husband in favor of the Democratic Party of the United States.

Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama, or is also a writer, and known as the former African-American First Lady of the United States, alongside her husband, Barack Obama, the 44th president. During this period, she was characterized by her intelligence, persistence, and great lessons in her speeches, such as his vision for the leadership of young people.

Sources of information:
-White House. (without date). Michelle Obama. https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/first-families/michelle-obama/
-UTDT. (2018). Female Leadership: The Life of Michelle Obama and Her Teachings in Times of Anger. https://www.utdt.edu/ver_nota_prensa.php?id_notaprensa=16166&id_item_menu=6

Halle Berry (Nicolás Tapia)

2022-07-01 15:32:23 UTC

Hale Berry is an actress who is still acting, surely she is remembered from movies like X-Men, the past condemns us, Catwoman, etc.

Although Hally Berry was not the first woman to win an Oscar, she was the first African-American woman to win an Oscar, she won it in 2002 for the movie Monster's Ball (El pasado nos condena)

Marta (footballer) (Alonso Carrera)

2022-07-01 15:46:34 UTC

Marta Vieira da Silva (born 19 February 1986), commonly known as Marta , is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward for the Orlando Pride in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) and the Brazil national team.Marta holds the record for being Brazil's top international goalscorer of any gender, with 115 goals. With 17 goals, Marta also holds the record for most goals scored in the FIFA World Cup tournament (women's or men's). Moreover, she is the first footballer of any gender to score at five World Cup editions.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marta_(footballer)#/media/File:Marta_Vieira_da_Silva_2013.jpg

Marilyn Monroe (Ximena Zúñiga)

61328039 — 2022-07-01 18:54:37 UTC

Marilyn Monroe (Norma Jean Mortenson) was born on 01/06/1929 in Los Angeles, California; her mother was Gladys Pearl Baker and it is not know who his father was. She was an american actress who had a difficult childhood and at the age of 20 years she began to work as a model and actress in some roles in minor films, but in 1950 the talent scout J.Hyde proposed her to participate in the films "The asphalt Jungle" and "Naked Eva", with wich she began to consolidate her career as an actress.

From that she started working on bigger projects, until she becames one of the most importants sex symbols of the history. Also is important to say that she was the second woman in the history of U.S.A who put her own production company.

Sources of information:
- Anonim . (without date). Marilyn Monroe: Lessons in Cultural Fit & Diversity. 1/07/2022, de Crowdstaffing Sitio web: https://www.crowdstaffing.com/blog/marilyn-monroe-lessons-in-cultural-fit-diversity#:~:text=Monroe%20became%20the%20second%20woman,advocate%20for%20equality%20and%20talent.
- Anonim. (without date). Marilyn Monroe. 1/07/2022, de Biografías y vidas Sitio web: https://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/m/monroe.htm#:~:text=(Norma%20Jean%20Mortenson%3B%20Los%20%C3%81ngeles,en%201950%20el%20cazatalentos%20J.

Antonia Louisa Brico (Dario Agramonte)

2022-07-01 19:23:48 UTC

She was born in June 26 of 1902, at the city of Róterdam in Netherland. She was adopted at the age of two years by a couple of married gentlemens that decided to live in the U.S.A at the city of Los Angeles with her. In reality they had kidnapped her, for this she never comes back to see her biological mother.

Then she grow up and she decide to became in a orchestra director, but first she broke her ties with her fathers, when she discovered that was adopted. She met Paul Steindorff who told her, that she could never going to be an orchestra director, despite of that she works for him as his asistent while she studied liberal arts in Berkeley, California. When she graduated, she travelled to Alemania, where ahe started to study in the Berlin State Music Academy. Then she became in the first American person in graduated at this Academy. For this in 1930 she debuted in the Berlin Philarmonic, as the first woman who conduct this orchestra. From now she passed for many Philarmonics and orchestras, while she did a musical tour around all Europe. She win prestige and she decided to come back to the U.S.A, she passed for the Musican's Symphony Orchestra and although she had succes, some men refused to play with her again, for be a woman.

For this and other problems she decided to create her own orchestra called the New York Women's Symphony, compound of only women, that counted with the suport of the first lady, Eleanor Roosevelt. After in 1938 she became in the first woman that conducts the New York Philarmonic Orchestra. Faithfully she died in 1989 in Denver, at the age of 87 years. These are the principal events in the life of Antonia Louisa Brico and the reason of why she needs to be remember now a days as a very important woman and pioner in the history of humanity.

Bibliographics:

mujeresbacanas.com. (without date). ANTONIA BRICO (1902-1989). MUJERES BACANAS. (Consultaded in July O1 of 2022). https://mujeresbacanas.com/antonia-brico-1902-1989/

mujeresquehacenlahistoria.blogspot.com. (August 06 of 2021). Breve Biografía de Antonio Brico. MUJERES QUE HACEN LA HISTORIA - BREVES BIOGRAFIAS. (Consultaded in July 01 of 2022). https://mujeresquehacenlahistoria.blogspot.com/2021/08/siglo-xx-antonia-brico.html

Diana, Princess of Wales (Cecilia Gudiel and Daniela Arenas)

2022-07-02 00:17:22 UTC

She was hunted with Charles of Wales in 1981 until 1996. With him she had two sons, William of Cambridge and Harry of Sussex. He had great hobbies such as music and dancing.

Initially she focused on helping children and young people, later being recognized for her involvement in the care and social integration of HIV/AIDS patients and her campaign for the elimination of landmines.

Going deeper into these issues, an act that went around the world was an image of her holding the hands of a patient without gloves who had HIV AIDS, which made people change their perception of this disease.

Source Information
Britannica. (2022, Jun 27). Diana, princess of Wales. Britannica. Retrieved July 5, 2022. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Diana-princess-of-Wales

Goodey, E. (2015, December 21). Diana, Princess of Wales. The Royal Family. Retrieved July 5, 2022. https://www.royal.uk/diana-princess-wales

Sánchez, M. (2021, August 30). 7 datos sorprendentes sobre Diana de Gales. RTVE.es. Retrieved July 5, 2022. https://doi.org/2166960.

Angela Merkel(Juan Diego)

2022-07-05 21:11:16 UTC

She born in July 27 in Hamburgo Germany she was a very famous politician in Germany, she was the Chancellor of Germany from 2005 until 2021, she was the first female Chancellor in the history of Germany, she has published several laws that benefit Germany and she planned laws in which there is equality between men and women in the end some were not accepted although she also founded a society and a company of rights but she gained fame of adopting a strictly rational position before the problems, from which derives a political style that flees from generalities to stick to the observation and the study of the details.

Fernández, Tomás y Tamaro, Elena. «Biografia de Angela Merkel». En Biografías y Vidas. La enciclopedia biográfica en línea [Internet]. Barcelona, España, 2004. Disponible en https://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/m/merkel.htm [fecha de acceso: 5 de julio de 2022].

Taylor Swift (Ana Chavez)

2022-07-06 04:01:52 UTC

- Taylor Alison Swift was born on December 13, 1989 in Pennsylvania, United States.

She began her career as an artist at the age of 14, she is a singer, actress, director, doctor of fine arts and one of the most important lyricists of the generation, apart from being nicknamed "The Music Industry", she was named as the <

Sources of information:
J. (2021, November 30). Por qué Taylor Swift representa un antes y un después en la industria musical. Industria Musical. Retrieved June 27, 2022, from https://industriamusical.com/por-que-taylor-swift-representa-un-antes-y-un-despues-en-la-industria-musical/

Garlem, J. (2020, December 13). 10 datos curiosos de Taylor Swift. Mundial de Música. Retrieved June 27, 2022, from https://www.mundialdemusica.net/2020/12/13/10-datos-curiosos-de-taylor-swift/

Anonymous (n. d.). Wiki Targeted (Entertainment). Taylor Swift Wiki. Retrieved June 27, 2022, from https://taylorswift.fandom.com/es/wiki/Grammy_Award.

Malala Yousafzai(Gabriel Bautista)

2022-07-07 19:55:19 UTC

Malala Yousafzai was born on July 12, 1997, in Mingora, Pakistan, located in the country's Swat Valley.
Malala Yousafzai became an international symbol of the fight for girls' education after she was shot in 2012 for opposing Taliban restrictions on women's education in her native Pakistan. In 2009, Malala had begun blogging under a pseudonym about the growing military activity in her hometown and the fear that her school would be attacked. Once her identity was revealed, Malala and her father, Ziauddin, continued to speak out for the right to education.

The Taliban attack on Malala on October 9, 2012, as she was walking home from school with her friends, drew global condemnation. In Pakistan, more than 2 million people signed a petition for the right to education and the National Assembly ratified the country's first Free and Compulsory Right to Education Bill.

In 2013, Malala and her father founded the Malala Fund with the aim of raising awareness of the social and economic impact of girls' education and empowering them to demand change. In December 2014, she became the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize. Secretary-General António Guterres appointed Malala as a United Nations Messenger of Peace in 2017 to help raise awareness of the importance of girls' education.

Sources:
United Nations. (s. f.). MALALA YOUSAFZAI | Naciones Unidas. Recuperado 7 de julio de 2022, de https://www.un.org/es/mensajeros-de-la-paz/malala-yousafzai

Kettler, S. (2021, 12 noviembre). Malala Yousafzai. Biography. Recuperado 7 de julio de 2022, de https://www.biography.com/activist/malala-yousafzai

Rosa Parks (Sheyla Zuniga)

2022-07-08 23:55:06 UTC

Rosa Parks, née Rosa Louise McCauley, (born February 4, 1913, Tuskegee, Alabama, U.S.—died October 24, 2005, Detroit, Michigan)
Was nationally recognized as the "mother of the modern civil rights movement" in America.

She was an American civil rights activist. Her refusal to give up her seat to a white man on a public bus precipitated the Montgomery bus boycott in Alabama in 1955-56, and thus began the civil rights movement in the United States.

BIOGRAPHY. (n.d). ROSA LOUISE PARKS BIOGRAPHY. 08/07/2022, from BIOGRAPHY Website: https://www.rosaparks.org/biography/

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (n.d). Rosa Parks. 08/07/2022, from Britannica Website: https://www.britannica.com/topic/National-Association-for-the-Advancement-of-Colored-People

Biography.com. (2014). Rosa Parks Biography. 08/08/2022, from Biography Website: https://www.biography.com/activist/rosa-parks

Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson (Maia Rueda)

2022-07-11 16:01:51 UTC

Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson, better known as Emma Watson, was born in Paris-France on April 15, 1990, she is currently 32 years old.

Emma has had a radical impact on society since, in addition to being an actress and model, she is an activist, has worked promoting fair trade and organic clothing, as well as being an ambassador for Camfed International, a movement dedicated to educating girls in rural parts of Africa. As she was also named UN Women Goodwill Ambassador, she has also participated in the HeforShe campaign whose main objective is the fight for gender equality and the right to education for women around the world.

APA source:

Anónimo,(s.f), Embajadora de buena voluntad de ONU Mujeres Emma Watson. ONU Mujeres. https://www.unwomen.org/es/partnerships/goodwill-ambassadors/emma-watson
Paula, (26 de agosto del 2021), Emma Watson, la nueva promotora de la moda sostenible. NATURLIFE. http://www.naturlii.com/emma-watson-la-nueva-promotora-de-la-moda-sostenible/

Flora Tristan(Adriel Guillen)

2022-07-12 20:27:17 UTC

Flora Celestine Therese Henrriete Tristán Moscoso was born on April 7, 1803 in Paris. She was the daughter of the Peruvian aristocrat Mariano Tristán Moscoso and Therese Laine. Her father was a colonel in the Spanish army and her mother had emigrated to Spain during the French Revolution. Flora Tristán not only limited herself to fighting for the rights of women or for the rights of workers, issues that were considered radical causes in her time. Likewise, she opposed slavery, religious obscurantism and the death penalty. On November 14, 1844, she died, a victim of typhus.

Flora wrote a travel journal about her experiences in Peru. The journal was published in 1838, as Pérégrinations d'une paria (Pilgrimages of a Pariah). Back in France, she starts a campaign for the emancipation of women, the rights of workers and against the death penalty.

AzcáRate, J. (2022, 23 enero). Flora Tristán: la primera en hablar de mujeres y clase obrera. La Izquierda Diario. Recuperado 12 de julio de 2022, de https://www.laizquierdadiario.com/Flora-Tristan-la-primera-en-hablar-de-mujeres-y-clase-obrera