This disease affects both men and women. It effects all people of all ethnic groups. However, it mostly affects people of western Europe. 

·         Huntington’s disease share symptoms with man other diseases. Some symptoms of the Huntington Disease are that it affects movements, some movement disorders are, involuntary jerking or writhing movements, muscle problems, abnormal eye movement, impaired gait (like it affects posture or balance), and difficulty with speech or even swallowing. Each of these symptoms have their own specific names. Not only does this affect movement but it also affects cognitive, which means that it affects a person mentally. For example, getting stuck on thoughts, behavior, or actions, lack of control over impulses, being unaware of your own behavior, having difficulty in learning new information, having problems with organizing or staying focused etc. Another symptom of this disorder is psychiatric disorder. It can cause depression, suicidal thoughts, fatigue, irritability, etc. 

·         This disease is a rare disease. Per year there are fewer than 200,000 cases in the United States. In Europe, Huntington disease affects an estimated 3 to 7 per 1,000 people. In other populations this disorder is less common. This includes, Japanese, Chinese, African descent. 

·         Huntington’s disease has a notable regional incidence and aggregation among residents of Zulia State, Venezuela’s western coast of Lake Maracaibom. Geographically, the global Huntington’s disease therapeutics market is distributed over North America, Europe, APAC, and Latin America. North America though dominates the global market due to increased awareness about the disease. In the market, the U.S. holds the largest market share. 

·         Currently there are no cure for Huntington’s disease, they are currently not curable. On the other hand, doctors are able to treat your symptoms and improve the quality of your life. Huntington’s disease is able to be treated by medications, therapies, and lifestyle changes to help an individual to cope with the disease. 

References:
- Understanding AUSTEDO® (deutetrabenazine) tablets for HD Chorea Treatment
- Huntington disease | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) – an NCATS Program (nih.gov)
-Major Symptoms Of Huntington's Disease - HealthPrep.com

Prevalence of Sickle are there is 7 billion people in this earth almost 8 billion out of those amounts of people 100 million of them have sickle cell disease it might not sound like a lot but it’s a big significant number but you can say that its not that uncommon to find someone. In America only 100 ,000 people have it with 1 in every 365 black or African American births or 1 out of 16,300 Hispanic- American births.

 

That is the Global distribution of the sickle cell gene in the world. 

A treatment that very well know is stem cell transplant is when they replace the infected bone marrow that has sickle cell disease and replace it with a new healthy bone marrow. 

There really isn’t a certain gender that the sickle cell prefers and its mostly even in both genders.

-         Extreme tiredness or fussiness 

-         Painful swelling of the hands and feet, known as dactylitis.

-         A yellowish color of the skin, known as jaundice, or whites of the eyes, known as icterus, that occurs when a large number of red cells undergo hemolysis.

-         Frequent infections


Sickle Cell Disease - What Is Sickle Cell Disease? | NHLBI, NIH

For some sickle cell disease patients, a blood and bone narrow transplant is the only treatment option. The goal of treatment, which includes drugs and blood transfusions, is to manage symptoms and prevent crises.

-         Analgesics: to reduce pain during crises. Ibuprofen

-         Antimetabolite: Reduces episodes of pain; to stimulate production of hemoglobin. Hydroxyurea 

-         Amino acid: Reduces acute complications of the disease.
-  Crizanlizumab-tmca 

Self-Care

-         Use hot pads to relieve pain

-         Drink plenty of water

-         Exercise regularly 

Sickle Cell Disease - What Is Sickle Cell Disease? | NHLBI, NIH

Because Sickle Cell Disease is an autosomal recessive illness, its incidence is not exactly gender related.

Frontiers | Gender-Related Differences in Sickle Cell Disease in a Pediatric Cohort: A Single-Center Retrospective Study | Molecular Biosciences (frontiersin.org)

Symptoms: It affects the cells that make mucus, sweat and digestive fluids. It can include cough, repeated lung infections, fatty stools, and inability to gain weight. 

 Prevalence: Cystic fibrosis prevalence is 1 in 25,00 newborn infants with calculated carrier frequency of 1 in 25. It affects African Americans and Asian Americans.

Geographic distribution: There is a distribution of CF more dramatic in northwestern, central Europe, and in northern. It is more prevalent in Europe, Australasia, and America. 

Treatments: They are no cure but some treatments to reduce this complications and improve quality of life prevent and control infections that occur in the lungs, treating and preventing intestinal blockage, remove and loosening mucus from the lungs, and provide adequate nutrition. 

Sources:

treatment of cystic fibrosis - Google Search     Cystic fibrosis - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic

The disease is mostly seen in tropical areas, such as Sub-Saharan Africa, India, and the Middle East, but it can also be found in the Mediterranean.

The difference between Sickle Cell Disease and Sickle Cell Anemia is that sickle cell disease has a number of clinical manifestations, whereas sickle cell anemia is one of such manifestations.

Difference Between Sickle Cell Disease and Sickle Cell Anemia | Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms

Sickle cell is a red blood cell disorder. It is inherited. That means that it’s passed down the same way people get the color of their eyes, skin, and hair from their parents. For a child to inherit sickle cell, both parents need to carry the gene for it. There is no way to catch sickle cell and it is not contagious. You are born with it. 

 

Symptoms of Sickle cell disease include things like, anemia, fatigue, and bone problems. Signs of this disease in babies are swelling in the hands and feet, continuous amounts of infections, and anemia.

 

Sickle cell disease isn’t too common but there is a wide variety of people in the U.S with Sickle cell. About 100,000 people in the U.S have Sickle cell disease. African descended people make up 90% of the population with sickle cell as to the U.S.


GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION:

The disease is mostly seen in tropical areas, such as Sub-Saharan Africa, India, and the Middle East, but it can also be found in the Mediterranean.

 

Sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait are both diagnosed with something as simple as a blood test. Analgesics reduces the pain during a crisis such as ibuprofen.
Amino acid reduces complications of the disease, and Antimetabolite
reduces episodes of pain. it is also said to stimulate production of
normal hemoglobin such as Hydroxyurea.

 

The incidence of sickle cell disease is not gender related since it is transmitted as an autosomal recessive disorder. Sickle cell disease is genetic. To have it, children must get 2 faulty genes, one from each parent. The disease is most common in people of African descent.

SOURCES: Understanding Sickle Cell - Sickle Cell Speaks

·         Persistent cough with phlegm

·         Postnasal drip

·         Salty tasting skin

·         Wheezing

·         Shortness of breath

·         Sinusitis

·         Inability to exercise

·         Male infertility

·         Repeated lung infections

·         Foul-smelling, bulky greasy stools

·         Poor growth and low body weight despite a good appetite

·         Blockage in the intestinal especially in newborns

·         Diarrhea/constipation

Treatments:

·         antibiotics: Given in the form of inhaled therapy to improve lung function by impeding growth of bacteria.

·         Tobramycin · Colistin · Aztreonam

·         Anti-inflammatory drugs: To prevent inflammation in the airway passage.

·         Ibuprofen

·         Mucus thinners: To help patients cough up mucus and improve lung function.

·         Acetylcysteine

·         Bronchodilators: To open up and relax muscles around the brochia (lungs).

·         Albuterol · Salmeterol

·         Medical procedures: Bronchoscopy and lavage · Bowel surgery · Lung transplantation

·         Therapies: Breathing exercises · Chest physical therapy · Enzyme replacement therapy · Oxygen therapy

Distribution:

·         Cystic fibrosis patients generally have larger volumes of distribution (Vd) for many antibiotics, including the aminoglycosides and many β-lactam agents, owing to lower fat stores and an increased ratio of lean body mass to total body mass compared with the non-CF population. (https://www.medscape.com/)

 

 

Prevalence:

·         CF is the most common inherited disease in white populations. Prevalence is 1 in 2,500 newborn infants, with calculated carrier frequency of 1 in 25. Just over 10,000 people were recorded as having CF in the 2013 UK CF Registry. The only risk factor is a family history of the condition. (https://patient.info/)

Is gender a risk?

·         The genetic mutation for cystic fibrosis occurs on chromosome 7 and is not impacted by gender. The severity of symptoms related to cystic fibrosis, however, does vary in men and women. In particular, girls with cystic fibrosis have more difficulty with meeting growth milestones and experience more lung-related problems compared to boys. (https://health.howstuffworks.com)

Huntington's Disease causes disruptions in the brain, motor function and emotions. For example:
 
 Movement Disorders

Cognitive Disorders

Psychiatric Disorders

·         Depression and/or mania

·         Irritability

·         Social withdrawal

·         Insomnia

·         Fatigue

·         Suicidal thoughts or tendencies

·         Apathy

PREVALENCE

Huntington’s Disease is rare, fewer than 200,000 cases per year in United States. Huntington's disease occurs in three out of every 100,000 and cases of Huntington's Disease occur in about 5 to 10% of all diagnosed cases, making it very uncommon.

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION
There are about 900-1,200 New Jersey residents with Huntington’s disease. 

The disease itself is affecting about 30,000 people in the United States

 

Huntington’s Disease does not have a cure, but treatments include medications, therapy and adaptation to help the patient cope with the condition.

 

Medications: 

·         Tetrabenazine and Amantadine are drugs used to treat involuntary and writhing movements.

·         Fluoxetine and Sertraline are antidepressants to treat depression.

·         Antipsychotic drugs like Olanzapine are used to reduce symptoms of mood disorders and psychosis.

·         Mood-stabilizing drugs such as Valproate and Carbamazepine are prescribed to manage symptoms of bipolar disorder.

·         Psychotherapy

·         Speech and physical therapy 

·         Physical therapy 

·         Occupational therapy

Yes, a study determining the gender effects on phenotype and disease progression in patients with Huntington’s disease, resulted in the discovery that there is a more severe phenotype and faster rate of progression in women with Huntington’s disease.

REFERENCES:
She's studied Huntington's disease all her life. Now, she's opening up about her own battle with the disease. (advisory.com)

 The causes of Huntington's disease is caused by an inherited defect in a single gene. Huntington's disease is an autosomal dominant disorder, which means that a person needs only one copy of the defective gene to develop the disorder.

 The prevalence of the Huntington's disease, Experts estimate that one in every 10,000 persons—nearly 30,000 in the United States—have Huntington's disease. Juvenile Huntington's occurs in approximately 16 percent of all cases.

 Huntington's disease shows a striking geographic prevalence and aggregation among residents of thewestern coast of Lake Maracaibom, Zulia State, Venezuela (Negrette 1962; Avila-Girón 1973; Wexler et al. 2004). This population has the dubious honor of having the highest known frequency of carriers worldwide.

 Huntington disease (HD) affects both men and women of all ethnic groups. However, the frequency of the condition in different countries varies greatly. [1] In general, it affects about 3 to 7 per 100,000 people of western European descent.

 

 

 

 

·  Anemia or decreased number of RBCs and oxygen

·  Irritability or fussiness in babies

·  Severe fatigue or tiredness

·  Frequent episodes of pain, also known as crises, in different parts of the body

·  Swelling of hands and feet, associated with pain

·  Frequent infections

·  Delayed growth noted in children and adults

·  Vision problems

Prevalence:

·        Affects approximately 100,000 Americans

·        SCD occurs among 1 out of 365 African American births

·        Occurs among 1 out of every 16,300 Americans

Geographic distribution:

·        The sickle cell gene is now known to be widespread, reaching its highest incidence in equatorial Africa, but occurring also in parts of Sicily and Southern Italy, Northern Greece, Southern Turkey, the Middle East, Saudi Arabia, especially the Eastern Province, and much of Central India

Treatments:

Medication

·         Analgesics: To reduce pain during crises. Ibuprofen
 
 

·         Antimetabolite: Reduces episodes of pain; it is also said to stimulate production of normal hemoglobin. Hydroxyurea
 
 

·         Amino acid: Reduces acute complications of the disease.  L-glutamine

Procedures

·         Bone marrow transplantation: Also known as stem cell transplant, the therapy involves introducing healthy bone marrow stem cells from a donor.

 

 

Therapy

·         
 Intravenous therapy:Rehydration with intravenous fluids.

·         Oxygen therapy:Given through a mask to improve breathing.

Selfcare

·         Use hot pads to relieve pain.

·         Drink plenty of water.

·         Exercise regularly.

·         Get the child vaccinated as per the doctor’s recommendations.

Nutrition

·         Foods to eat:

·         Foods rich in folic acid:

·         e.g. green leafy vegetables, legumes, orange juice, and fortified cereals.

·         Foods rich in calcium:

·         e.g. low-fat or fat-free milk, yogurt, and cheese, leafy green vegetables and calcium-fortified Foods such as soymilk, orange juice, and tofu.

·         Foods to avoid:

·         NA

Is gender a risk factor?

·       The incidence of sickle cell disease is not gender-related since it is transmitted as an autosomal recessive disorder. However, there have been reports of sex related differences in SCD mortality and morbidity in adult patients.

◦Prevalence: Fewer than 200,00 US cases per year. Its rare for babies, toddlers, children, teenagers, adults, and seniors to get affected by this disease. 

◦Geographic distribution: This diseases occurs among 1 out f every 365 Black or African American births. It also occurs in 1 of 16,300 Hispanic American births. 

◦Treatment: treatment can help like medications, blood transfusions, and a rarely bone marrow transplant but this condition can't be cured. 

◦Is gender a rick factor for these diseases? The incidence of sickle disease is not gender-related since its transmitted as an autosomal recessive disorder. 

◦References: What is Sickle Cell Disease? | CDC

◦Sickle Cell Disease | Johns Hopkins Medicine

◦Sickle Cell Disease | Sickle Cell Anemia | MedlinePlus

Prevalence

Huntington’s disease is not prevalence, but it occurs one in every 10,000 people. 

Geographic distribution

Huntington disease does not really have a Geographic distribution, it is something that just can occur here and there and affect the brain on adults though. Huntington’s disease makes you lose control of your own movements, starts up emotional problems and make them go mixed and downhill and it can also make you lose focus easily and not be able to stay focus on one thing. 

 

Treatment 

There not really a treatment that can cure Huntington disease but there is medicine that can lessen the course of Huntington disease. Such as, Antidepressants, Antipsychotic drugs, Mood-stabilizing drugs. 

Is gender a risk factor for these diseases?

Huntington disease is something that inherited and could passed down to parents and continue from there. There is no gender risk factor for this disease because it is equally mutable and divides through both gender and all genders can affect. Although in lots of cases, you would hear lot of men with cases of aggression then women because the justice system a little messed up, in both parts it is not okey in general and it should not normalize. 
Make sure you cite your sources

 www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/huntingtons-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356122

www.healthcommunities.com/huntingtons-disease/overview-of-huntingtons.shtml 

◦SYMPTOMS: The symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis depends on which organs are affected and how severe it is. Symptoms can very from patient to patient. Some may experience few to no symptoms while others can experience life-threatening symptoms. Cystic Fibrosis most commonly affects the lungs. Some people who have CF may experience wheezing and coughing up mucus or blood.  

◦PREVALANCE:  Cystic Fibrosis is a rare condition. There are fewer then 200,000 US cases per year. Cystic Fibrosis is more common within the white population in the United States. CF occurs in 1 in 2,500 to 3,500 white newborns. It is less common in other ethnic groups, affecting about 1 in 17,000 African Americans and 1 in 31,000 Asian Americans.

◦GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION:  The cystic fibrosis gene is most common in Caucasian of northern European descent. In comparison with other continents, Europe is reported to have the highest level of CF.
◦TREATMENT-  There is no know cure for Cystic Fibrosis. Treatments are for helping people live longer, healthier life but it’s not a cure. The treatment is focused on clearing the airway. Medicines are for improving the function of the faulty CFTR protein and prevent complications, and surgery, if needed.

◦Cystic Fibrosis is NOT gender linked. It affects both female and male. CF is called an autosomal recessive genetic disease.
◦Source  

◦https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/cystic-fibrosis

 

Chorea - Involuntary jerking or writhing movements, Tremors, Rigidity or contracture of muscles, Slow or abnormal eye movements, Impaired gait, posture, and balance, Difficulty with speech and/or swallowing Cognitive disorders, Problems with organizing, prioritizing, or retaining focus on tasks, Getting stuck on thoughts, behavior, or action, Lack of control over impulses,  Being unaware of one's own behaviors, Inability to process thoughts, Difficulty in learning new information and finding words to speak, Dysgraphia, Psychiatric disorders, Depression and/or mania, Irritability, Social withdrawal, Insomnia, Fatigue, Suicidal thoughts or tendencies, Apathy.

The Prevalence of Huntington disease are

Incidence and Prevalence of Huntington's Disease Experts estimate that one in every 10,000 persons-nearly 30,000 in the United States-have Huntington's disease

Huntington’s diseases Geographic distribution

According to the source Most scholars believe that European migration was what brought HD alleles into the continents of North America, South America, Australia and New Zealand, and the prevalence of HD in these regions is now like that of Europe, where HD affects around 40-100 per million people.

Treatment for Huntington’s diseases

Huntington’s disease is not curable, but treatments include medications, therapies, and lifestyle changes to help the patient cope with the condition.

Is gender a risk factor for these diseases?

 

Huntington’s disease results from a gene defect inherited from parents so no it is not a gender a risk factor for Huntington’s disease. 

 

Symptoms

The symptoms of this disease are getting a yellowish color in the skin or whites of the eyes, fatigue or fussiness because of anemia, painful swelling of the hands and feet, develop leg ulcers, shortness of breath, avascular necrosis, a cute chest syndrome, eye damage, pain crises by an injury to a bone, muscle or internal organs. 

Prevalence

Each year, there is less than 200,00 incidents in the United States. This condition affects just a small percentage of toddlers, children, teenagers, and adults.

Geographic Distribution 

 This disease affects to about 100,00 Americans. Occurs to 1 out of every 365 Black or African American births.  It can also occur to 1 out of every 16,300 Hispanic American births. About 1 in 13 African American or Black babies can be born with this sickle cell disease. 

Treatment

The treatment of this disease are medicines, to prevent the sickling of red blood cells, to reduce Vaso-occlusive and pain crises. Transfunsions are to prevent sickle cells disease complications. Giving Blood and Bone marrow transplant is the only cure for sickle cells, but it doesn’t go for everyone. Having therapy can be another treatment for this disease.  

Is gender a risk factor for these diseases?

The sickle cell isn’t a gender related since it is transmitted as an autosomal recessive disorder. 

  

 

References 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The blocked blood flow through the body can lead to serious problems, including stroke, eye problems, infections and episodes of pain, called pain crises. Having sickle cell disease also raises your risk for severe illness from COVID-19''

Prevalence- in the years there are less than 200,000 cases in the united states and it it carried throw-out kids teen and adults its rare for new born kids and uncommon for toddlers children and teenagers and for seniors it is extremely uncommon 

treatment- the treatment for this disease  taking different types of medicines to stop or slow down the spread of this disease it can also take away the pain the patient might be going threw and prevent infections or any organ damage

Geographic Distribution- In roughly 365 African Americans one is found with the disease and every 1 out of 16,300 Hispanics American can be found with the disease and 1 in every 13 black or African American babies may carry the disease

Is gender a risk factor for these diseases?-The sickle cell disease is not a gender related disease because it is transmitted as a autosomal recessive disorder

References
Data & Statistics on Sickle Cell Disease | CDC

What is Sickle Cell - Sickle Cell Speaks

◦Sickle Cell Disease | Sickle Cell Anemia | MedlinePlus