DATE: October 19, 2020

KEY INFO: Stereotypes associated with Indigenous Peoples of Mindanao may seem harmless since they're already treated as a norm, but they actually project harm to them as these misconceptions dissociate them from their tribes' identities. Not only are IPs attached with false stereotypes towards their identities, their features, which are part of the Filipino identity, are used as insults and like the title stated, “a term for ignorance”. Even with IPs long history in our country, they are treated with racial prejudice as their existence and lands are threatened.

TITLE: Ata tribe campaigns vs selling of ancestral domain

AUTHOR: Rhoda, Grace Saron

DATE: September 11, 2021

KEY INFO: Members of the Ata tribe in Paquibato District have launched a campaign against the sale of their ancestral domains. Last Monday, Datu Amansing Sampiano, Barangay Salapawan tribal chieftain, led the holding of a ritual to start the campaign as the community installed billboards where the words “Ancestral Domains are NOT FOR SALE” were printed. The billboards were installed in Sitio Kiman-anaw, Barangay Salapawan, Paquibato District as part of the call of the community that under Indigenous Peoples Rights Act, or Republic 8371, selling of ancestral domains is strictly prohibited. The tribe said its campaign will also be expanded to every barangay of the district to ensure that more people are informed. The campaign is a realization of the tribe’s call for the support of Mayor Sara Duterte to promote awareness and recognition of the indigenous peoples’ rights, including those that cover the ancestral domains. 

TITLE: IPMR rep: Rampant buying, selling of ancestral lands in Marilog, Davao City

AUTHOR: SunStar Davao 

DATE: May 2, 2022

KEY INFO: Ancestral domains are being bought and sold at an alarming rate in Davao City, especially in the Marilog District, according to DATU Rody Mande, an IPMR with the City Council of Davao. Mande further said that the selling and buying of ancestral estates had resulted in the deaths of seven leaders. According to Republic Act 8371, an act to recognize, defend, and promote the rights of indigenous cultural communities, the indigenous peoples have the right to their ancestral domains but that right has been recently disregarded. 

AUTHOR: INQUIRER.NET

DATE: May 8, 2022

KEY INFO: Embroiled in a conflict that pitted the tribe against a powerful agribusiness firm in the last five years, and put his life in danger as gunshots met them in the bushy field not far from a sprawling pineapple plantation.

TITLE: Mindanao 🇵🇭 “This is Philippines” Series 

AUTHOR: Catriona Gray

DATE: (Premiered) December 12, 2018

KEY INFO: The T'boli tribe is highly recognized for their wonderful culture and crafts, especially their weaving of clothing. The T'nalak festival is celebrated annually in South Cotabato in commemoration of the indigenous tribe, featuring its well-known motto, "Weaving your dreams to reality." T'nalak is a traditional hand-woven textile made by the Tagabili people from the region of Cotabato. In this video, 2018 Miss Universe Catriona Gray showcases the tribe, as she personally visited its inhabitants and explored their culture during her major fight on the big stage. The film depicts her experiences during her visit as well as her brief speech of admiration for the tribe and its traditions.

TITLE: ACT for Peace

AUTHOR: Peace Direct

DATE: December 2015

KEY INFO: As seen in this advocacy poster, ACT for Peace opposed the closing of Lumad (indigenous people) schools in Davao del Norte, Mindanao. ACT for Peace was created for its educational mission, which advocates for a just and lasting peace founded on liberty, democracy, and justice. The proponents of this topic created a graphic depicting indigenous people protesting, confronting the government, fighting for and upholding their rights, notably the right to education. It represents Lumads, allowing their voices to be heard; that despite everything, they are still human beings deserving of literacy, respect, and equality.

TITLE: Indigenous peoples in Agusan del Sur face harassment

AUTHOR: CNN Philippines

DATE: April 22, 2022

KEY INFO: The bandwagons of San Luis, Agusan del Sur, recently received over 38,000 acres of property as ancestral domain from the former president Duterte. In other words, the indigenous people are entitled to own and farm this land. Although the tribe has a legitimate claim to the property, Datu Matibuli, a traditional leader in the area, asserts that they are not free to roam around. He alleges that a group of armed guys are intimidating and harassing the people. Despite the fact that they are supposed to be protected by the law, indigenous people are in fact exposed to assaults. There are several instances of unreported intimidation and harassment of indigenous groups in the area. 

TITLE: Philippines Indigenous defenders calls for protection

AUTHOR: Al Jazeera English

DATE: May 2, 2022

KEY INFO: The Manobo Pulangiyon in Bukidnon, an indigenous group, speaks for respect, justice, and decency in Media for them to be heard. The tribe seeks assurance of protection and safety from the government for people not to apathetically neglect and treat them like garbage. Due to a territorial dispute brought on by well-known corporations who assert claims to territories that were once part of their ancestral realm, they suffer from having to defend their rights against violence.

TITLE: Lumad: Indigenous Peoples of Mindanao

AUTHOR: Kasinatian, Kasayuran, Kasaysayan, Kamatuoran (Host: Ryan Dave Rayla)

DATE: August 26, 2020

KEY INFO: This podcast, hosted by Ryan Dave Rayla, features Cherub Daraman, a bachelor of arts in political science student at the University of San Carlos and a young Lumad advocate. Daraman goes on to address why the Lumad are noteworthy and how we can help them through the LumadAko Initiative, led by him. He discusses how the lumad's human rights, particularly their right to education, are not being protected. He also goes on to discuss the tribe's experience of persecution and violence as a result of corporate investors' self-interest in eyeing their territory for future projects, including using the land for mining sites.

As the audio continues, Daraman discusses how he campaigns for the welfare of the Lumad people, and around halfway through the discussion, he shares some of the target profit and projects of his lumadAko initiative. He explained how it aims to raise 100,000 pesos, with 100% of the proceeds going to the Lumad community. He also mentioned some additional potential projects for the lumad people, such as donating school supplies to those lumad who are undergoing modular learning and medication, particularly for the elderly. He mentioned something about organizing a medical mission for the well-being of the lumad and hopes to be able to be successful in this endeavor of his, so that he won't be able to only help the Surigao lumads, but also other communities, especially in region 13.

TITLE: Poverty, War and Peace: Lumad and Muslim Women’s Issues in Mindanao

AUTHOR: Ma. Arve B. Bañez

DATE: May 28, 2019

KEY INFO: Females make up half the population of Indigenous Peoples in Mindanao. In this sense, women are a huge part of indigenous tribes and Mindanao’s development. But, according to a report, “Mindanao women need urgent attention in the areas of economic opportunities, reproductive health, political participation, education, and even basic services such as water and power.” Sulu had the lowest GDI in the country as well. GDI is the Gender-related Development Index, “which measures the inequality in the achievement of women and men based on life expectancy at birth, educational attainment and standard of living”. Indigenous peoples have been suffering from different hardships, from poverty to the existence of their lives and lands. They even spend Christmas in Davao city, begging to survive, instead of their homes to eat with their families. Once the military and rich politicians get involved with crossfires, they are left with no choice than to leave or get caught in the middle of their brawls.

TITLE: A Cultural Struggle

AUTHOR: World Mission: Struggles of the Indigenous | Tammy Danan

DATE: August 2016

KEY INFO: The indigenous people of Mindanao, Philippines, like the Lumads living on mountains, have been fighting for the salvation of their ancestral lands. Many Lumad deaths are being labeled as collateral damage.They are being tagged as NPA, accused as friends of NPA, someone working for the NPA, and therefore, should be killed. Women were also accused of being wives to rebels, schools built by local and international non-government organizations for the Indigenous peoples were labeled as NPA-governed schools, and educators are threatened to be killed. Only a few people recognize and know the existence of the Republic Act 8317 or the Indigenous Peoples Act of 1997 – a Philippine national law that basically states indigenous people have the right to their ancestral lands that is one of the reasons why the situation is still prevalent at present. 

AUTHOR: Philippine News Agency

DATE: August 12, 2020

KEY INFO: Leaders of the Manobo tribe in Mindanao on Wednesday condemned the alleged misrepresentation, false claims and the use of the indigenous peoples (IPs) by Save our Schools group and Bayan Muna Rep. Eufemia Cullamat. In a statement, IP Mandatory Representatives of Surigao del Sur, Datu Jomar Bucales and Datu Rico Maca, said Cullamat and Bayan Muna together with other alleged leftist groups like Katribu, PASAKA, and Karapatan are allegedly spreading false reports and disinformation and continue to misrepresent the “true” IPs. These groups, they said, raise and solicit funds from different international organizations on behalf of the IPs, but these same funds are allegedly being used to buy weapons to kill them.

TITLE: Who are the lumad? 

AUTHOR: RAPPLER.COM

DATE:August 9, 2017

KEY INFO: The Lumad are the largest indigenous group in the Philippines. The word “Lumad” is a Visayan term which means “ born of the earth”. It is important to understand the number of indigenous people in the Philippines as well as their fascinating culture.

TITLE: Wars of Extinction: Discrimination & The Lumad Struggle in Mindanao

AUTHOR: Arnold P. Alamon

DATE:  2017

KEY INFO: The ongoing battle of the indigenous Lumad people of Mindanao, especially in relation to defending their ancestral territory against development assault and their demand for self-determination. The Lumad an indigenous people in Mindanao, have faced extermination battles launched by the colonial and contemporary Philippine states. In the face of such direct and indirect experiences of historical marginalization, the Lumad has no recourse but to resist and fight back for their rights and freedom.

To add, the Lumad experience in Mindanao transcends institutional prejudice. Thus, the book uncovers the Lumad narrative's past, present, and future, as well as structural discrimination as a concept, and argues that what is happening in the southern Philippine island of Mindanao is a form this discrimination. From the formal and institutional forms to the implicit and informal modes of marginalization that give rise to them, it discusses how the Lumad are deprived of their own human rights and opportunities that each and every person should possess.

TITLE: 10 Myths About Indigenous Peoples

AUTHOR: Dr. Nestor Castro

DATE: July 30, 2020

KEY INFO:  Dr. Castro, who is part of the Department of Anthropology in UP Diliman, has been researching and creating studies about the different IP's in the Philippines himself. In his webinar, he broke down 10 myths associated with the Indigenous People of the Philippines, specifically the stereotypes and misconceptions presented by the mass media that has been harming their culture, reputation, and people. The mass media has presented IPs as nonprogressive, uneducated, barbaric, and racially exclusive people. The speaker abolished these ideas by discussing their traditions, like how they are naturally hunters of food, to the progress of their homes, like how they adapted to the modern houses in the country.

TITLE: I-Witness: "Tasaday," a documentary by Kara David

AUTHOR: I-Witness (Kara David)

DATE:  August 12, 2017

KEY INFO: The Manobo Tasaday have a negative reputation caused by hearsays and claims that have never been cleared up even at present because they were never heard. A hunter by the name of Dafal discovered a tribe in South Cotabato's isolated mountains living in caves in 1971 and this tribe came to be known as the Manobo Tasaday. They were uncivilized and naïve of modern culture, and some people showed interest in them, such as Mandy Elizalde, who exploited their gullibility to become known to the world, but the world's recognition of their existence ruined their tranquil existence. They were given an introduction to the media, various figures, and international journalists and their stories were shared in public, but then, an article was made by a foreign journalist that states the Manobo Tasaday were a fraud made up of farmers disguised as tribal members. 

TITLE: Indigenous Peoples’ Struggle for Secure Land Tenure in the Philippines: Case Study of Higaonon Tribe in Opol, Mindanao 

AUTHOR: Petr Drbohlav and Jiri Hejkrlik

DATE: June 23, 2017

KEY INFO: One of the most critical issues faced by Indigenous Peoples worldwide is their struggle with the ownership of their lands. As globalization widens, IPs’ lands are threatened by state interests, such as logging and mining into their lands. Because of land tenure insecurity with IPs, this has become a cause for disagreement in their tribes, and is taken advantage of for state interests. The lack of control over their land also adds to deforestation and exploitation of natural resources. With these, the identities of indigenous people, which are attached to their ancestral lands, are also threatened. About 10 to 15% of the Philippine population that belongs to indigenous communities and are linked with their traditions, lands, and territory, are often thriving on subsistence. They are among the most marginalized groups of the Philippines, that they experience government neglect even with their basic needs. What's more, land rights in the Philippines have only attracted little to no interest from international development scholars even with the extreme pressure on the land of Indigenous people’s lands and natural resources being fuelled by global rush and ongoing armed conflicts.