Chiropractor, TEB 2020, Is Your Child's Heavy Backpack Causing Lifelong Health Problems?, YouTube.com. viewed March 24 2023, <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRX14gRru9Q>.

 

Corrigan, LP & Li, JX 2014, 'The Effect of Unilateral Hockey Bag Carriage on the Muscle Activities of the Trunk and Lower Limb of Young Healthy Males During Gait', Research in Sports Medicine, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 23-35.

 

Education, SP 2020, Leather Bag Product Video Commercials for Finelaer., YouTube.com, September 3 2020. viewed March 24 2023, <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OcuFXCxegDI>.

 

Fjallraven 2023, Singi Stubben, held at Fjallraven, Fjallraven.com.au.

 

Global, BH 2022, Bag Advertisement (Launch Video), YouTube.com. viewed March 24 2023, <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aBzvu5_1M1Q>.

 

Guy, OG-tP 2021, How to choose a comfortable backpack: 3 ergonomic tips to protect your posture and your health, YouTube.com. viewed March 24 2023, <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9VYSAO8mXYA>.

 

Hacker, P 2021, 10 Personal Item Bags | Backpacks That Fit Under the Seat for Ryanair, Spirit, and More, YouTube.com, July 15 2021. viewed March 24 2023, <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hl0TN3YIWzU>.

 

Jacobs, M 2022, THE COLORBLOCK MESH TOTE BAG, held at Marc Jacobs, MarcJacobs.com.

 

NERE 2023, Stori 65cm Suitcase, held at StrandBags, StrandBags.com.au.

 

Neuschwander, TB, Cutrone, J, MacIas, BR, Cutrone, S, Murthy, G, Chambers, H & Hargens, AR 2010, 'The effect of backpacks on the lumbar spine in children: A standing magnetic resonance imaging study', Spine (Philadelphia, Pa 1976), vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 83-88.

 

Society6 2016, Tote Bags from Society6 - Product Video, YouTube.com. viewed March 24 2023, <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkm4x-iH7jo>.

 

WCNC 2019, Doctors: Heavy backpacks can cause life-long problems, YouTube.com. viewed March 24 2023, <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h8Fs6rKGnmE>.

The target audience of my new bags is teens and young adults from 15-30 years old. They're likely to be interested in social media, exercise, the outdoors and travelling. They will live all over the globe and hold any level of education they are also likely to be organised people. 

The personal and professional networks to which they belong

The audience may be interested in social media sites such as Instagram, TikTok, Snapchat and Twitter and are likely to spend an average of 1-4 hours a day scrolling on these platforms. Whilst viewing these platforms either at home or to and from work or school the target audience is likely to watch videos or images. The bag will improve their health by avoiding unnecessary issues relating to posture, strain or other issues that may occur due to carrying heavy bags for long periods of time. 

How does your content differ from similar content available online? What is the point of difference?

It doesn't exist and would be hard to achieve but new technology will make this innovation possible. It will not only be functional but also fashionable. 

Alternations in plasma volume and protein during and after a continuous 110-kilometer March with 20-kilogram backpack load.

During this study, 22 men aged 19 or 20 participated in a 24-hour, 110-kilometre march whilst carrying a 20-kilogram backpack, throughout the march and during their recovery, the contributors were analysed on their plasma quantity and protein content (Ashkenazi & Epshtein 1998, p. 687). Throughout the march, the body weight loss ranged from 2.7% to 5.0% of the prior weight, although steadily increased up to 0.3% after 72 hours of recovery. Their plasma considerably declined during the march and continued to decrease during the first 48 hours of recovery, after 48 hours of recovery their plasma volume increased past the initial level prior to the march and continued to increase after 96 hours of recovery (Ashkenazi & Epshtein 1998 p. 688). The protein concentration followed the path of both the albumin and globulin content and slightly increased during the march before reducing during the first 48 hours of recovery and then increasing again over the initial pre-march tests. The sodium content, similar to the plasma content decreased during the march and the first 48 hours of recovery before increasing past the initial test prior to the march (Ashkenazi & Epshtein 1998 pp. 688-690). In the first 24 hours of recovery, it was noted that the participants experienced a build-up of fluids in their lower limbs though it is unknown if the cause was the effect of the march on the body or the added weight of the exercise (Ashkenazi & Epshtein 1998, p. 690). This article could benefit by comparing it to a study of the same exercise without the 20kg load on the same individuals to properly analyse how significant the weight is on the body.

^{Corrigan, LP & Li, JX 2014, 'The Effect of Unilateral Hockey Bag Carriage on the Muscle Activities of the Trunk and Lower Limb of Young Healthy Males During Gait', Research in Sports Medicine, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 23-35.}

The Effect of Unilateral Hockey Bag Carriage on the Muscle Activities of the Trunk and Lower Limb of Young Healthy Males During Gait.

This study analysed 15 male hockey players aged 19 to 26 with over 10 years of hockey experience, during the study, participants carried the one-sided hockey bag on their dominant shoulder, for all but one, it was their right shoulder. The participants warmed up and stretched before the examination. The contributors were tested using an electromyography sensor, to analyse the muscle response during the evaluation (Corrigan & Li 2014, pp. 25-27). The participants were analysed walking with a bag that was empty, as well as with a weight of 10%, 20% and 30% of their body weight. It was recognised that as the weight increased the stride of the participants decreased and they required more support from both feet as the load grew. It was observed that as the load increased the muscle use on both the left and right side of the body also began to rise. In most cases, the muscles that were analysed were slightly more affected on the left side of the body. The rectus femoris and semitendinosus muscles were significantly increased on the left thigh as opposed to the right. (Corrigan & Li 2014 pp. 27-29). Due to these imbalances in muscle strain, these hockey players may experience unbalanced muscle fatigue (Corrigan & Li 2014, p. 34). To obtain a more in-depth study on the effect of carrying heavy sporting bags, a study could analyse the different kinds of bags and the different ways to carry them. For example, a bag worn as a cross-body compared to a shoulder bag could have significant differences in muscle strain.

^{Neuschwander, TB Cutrone, J MacIas, BR Cutrone, S Murthy, G Chambers, H & Hargens, AR 2010, 'The effect of backpacks on the lumbar spine in children: A standing magnetic resonance imaging study', Spine (Philadelphia, Pa 1976), vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 83-88.}

The effect of backpacks on the lumbar spine in children: A standing magnetic resonance imaging study.

Neuschwander et al. (2010, p. 83) conducted a study to analyse the effect that carrying the standard contents of a backpack during school has on the lower back of 8 children aged 9-14, the weight of the bags the children usually carry ranges from 10% to 20% of their body weight. During this study Neuschwander et al. (2010, pp. 83-84 ) analysed MRI scans taken from the subjects' lower spine whilst standing with an empty bag and compared it to when they stood carrying a heavy bag that weighed 4kg, 8kg and 12kg which is equivalent to around  10%, 20% and 30% of their body weight. Neuschwander et al. (2010, pp. 85-87) determined that the bag had a significant effect on the lumbar discs and a variety of spinal curvature changes between each child, during this study they also noted that with each level of weight added the children acknowledged their pain increasing. It was determined that schools should have a locker for a student to keep their belongings in throughout their schooling to avoid any long-term issues that this may have on their spine as well as the pain associated with carrying the heavy bags (Neuschwander et al. 2010 p. 87). This study analysed the effect that this had on each child's body at the time of the study however, there was little depth in the study analysing the outcome that the pressure has on them after years of strain. To achieve a more accurate study Neuschwander et al. (2010) should have used a larger sample size and analysed the whole spine instead of just the lower spine.