Visual Map: Assessment 2 Sociology of Law by https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6 en-us 2023-09-04 10:39:27 UTC 2023-09-18 06:39:20 UTC hello@padlet.com How does the Juvenile Justice System contribute to the criminalisation of youth, and what are the consequences for their future prospects and reintegration into society? emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2683283265 2023-09-04 10:45:32 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2683283265 Introduction emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2683286586 What is the Juvenile Justice System? (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2023)
  • Set of processes and practices for managing children and young people who have committed, or allegedly committed an offence
  • 10-17 age group at time of offence
What is its purpose? (Queensland Government, 2010)
  • Holding young people accountable for their actions
  • Skills to create a better future for themselves 
  • Keeping the community safe
What is youth offending? (Merriam-Webster, n.d.)
  • A young person who commits a crime but is granted a more lenient punishment
How will I be answering the question?
  • Using research from the provided readings and any outside sources such as statistics, cases, and legislation 
  • Using the sociological lens of both conflict and consensus approaches 
What sociological theories will I be using?
  • Habitus 
  • Neoliberalism
  • Symbolic interactionism
]]> 2023-09-04 10:49:31 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2683286586 Historical Context emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2683289086 Australia's History of Youth Justice (Department of Justice and Community Safety, n.d.)
  • The Children, Youth, and Families Act 2005
  • Sentencing Act 1991
  • Crimes Act 1958

International History (IResearchNet Criminal Justice, n.d.)
  • Juvenile Delinquency was heavily influenced by religion
  • Children who disobeyed parents would be put to death in 1641
  • Children found guilty of crimes outside Massachusetts were punished via corporal punishment
]]> 2023-09-04 10:52:45 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2683289086 Case emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684166018 Dylan Voller (Voller, 2021)
  • In 2016, CCTV footage was released exposing the treatment of youth in detention centres in the Northern Territory 
What is Don Dale Detention Centre? (N.T. Government, 2017)
  • Detention Centre located in Darwin
  • Young people who are remanded or sentenced to detention reside in the centre
What happened to Dylan Voller at Don Dale? (Davidson, 2016)
  • Dylan was locked in a cell, strapped to a restraint chair by his ankles, wrists, and neck
  • This would go on for almost 2 hours
]]> 2023-09-05 03:21:14 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684166018 Reading 1 (France, 2015) emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684173086
  • Determinism suggests youth committing the crime are born bad or made bad
  • The everyday world that young people engage in and interact with shows how institutions/policies influence the environment around them
  • Criminal identities are determined by social relationships 
  • A sense of routine, habit, and normality youth associate with crime considering Habitus
  • Habitus strongly influences decision-making
    • ]]>     2023-09-05 03:26:18 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684173086     Reading 2 (White & Cuneen, 2015) emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684175198
  • Location of housing, how much education a young person has received, and the ability of their family to provide largely influences the potential to commit crimes
  • Unemployment is a major issue for young people, their families, and communities 
  • Unemployment increases crime 
  • Youth offending increases due to societal hierarchical classes and polarisation of rich and poor 
  • The most disadvantaged and vulnerable groups receive the most attention from Youth Justice officials 
  • Limited educational opportunities and geographical location highlight individuals as an 'outsider' 
  • Troubled youth heavily stigmatised
    • ]]>     2023-09-05 03:28:03 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684175198     Reading 3 (Turner, 2014) emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684178521
  • Neoliberalism supporting agenda's economic, social, cultural, and political 
  • 'Do it yourself' mantra 
  • Crime is a private problem rather than a public issue 
  • Punishment is the only tool to control young people involved in crime 
  • The Youth Justice System seeks to effectively manage, sort, and contain youth offenders through risk assessment and behaviour management instead of addressing personal and social deficits 
  • Giving youth the tools to help themselves emphasise self-empowerment, reinforcing the neoliberal aspect of taking responsibility 
  • However, the neoliberalism aspect can encourage isolation and self-guilt
  • Different programs are available for Youth involved in crime to better themselves and support their families
    • ]]>     2023-09-05 03:30:44 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684178521     Sociological Lens emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684184647 Conflict & Consensus

    Habitus 

    Neoliberal 

    Symbolic Interactionism

    ]]>     2023-09-05 03:36:03 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684184647     Sociological Question emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684195852 How does the Juvenile Justice System contribute to the criminalisation of youth, and what are the consequences for their future prospects and reintegration into society? 
    Why is this important? 
    • To understand how troubled youth can be supported
    • To decrease the risk of recidivism 
    • Encouraging a more positive outlook on life and how to change it for the better
    ]]>     2023-09-05 03:46:47 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684195852     Recommendations emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684197013 2023-09-05 03:48:02 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684197013 Analysis emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684198481 2023-09-05 03:49:33 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684198481 References emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684205759 Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2023). Youth Justice Overview. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports-data/health-welfare-services/youth-justice/overview

    Davidson, H. (2016). Dylan Voller says he felt defenceless and panicked in restraint chair. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/dec/12/dylan-voller-says-he-felt-defenceless-panicked-restraint-chair-don-dale-northern-territory

    Department of Justice and Community Safety. (n.d.). Legislation relating to the Youth Justice Service. Victoria State Government. https://www.justice.vic.gov.au/justice-system/youth-justice/legislation-relating-to-the-youth-justice-service

    France, A. (2015). Theorising and Researching the Youth Crime Nexus: Habitus, Reflexivity and the Political Ecology of Social Practices. Bourdieu, Habitus and Social Research. Palgrave Macmillan, 74-90.

    IResearchNet Criminal Justice. (n.d.). Juvenile Delinquency. IResearchNet. https://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/types-of-crime/juvenile-delinquency/

    Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Youthful Offender. Merriam-Webster. https://www.merriam-webster.com/legal/youthfuloffender

    N.T. Government. (2017). Don Dale Youth Detention Centre: Darwin. Northern Territory Government of Australia. https://nt.gov.au/law/young-people/going-to-court-and-sentencing/young-people-going-to-a-detention-centre/don-dale-youth-detention-centre-darwin

    Queensland Government. (2010). How the Youth Justice System Works | Your Rights, Crime and the Law. Queensland Government. https://www.qld.gov.au/law/sentencing-prisons-and-probation/young-offenders-and-the-justice-system/youth-justice-in-queensland/how-the-youth-justice-system-works

    Turner, J. (2014). Being Young in the Age of Globalisation: A Look at Recent Literature on Neoliberalism’s Effect on Youth. Social Justice. JSTOR, 8-18. 

    Voller, D. (2021). EXCLUSIVE: ‘I don’t want to just be known as the boy in a restraint chair’. NITV. https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/insight/article/exclusive-i-dont-want-to-just-be-known-as-the-boy-in-a-restraint-chair-dylan-voller/3nxylkzjs

    White, R., & Cunneen, C. (2015). Social Class, Youth Crime and Youth Justice. Youth Crime & Justice. Sage, 1-15. 
    ]]>     2023-09-05 03:57:22 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684205759     Findings emailslilli https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684209608
  • Stigma surrounding Youth offending worsens the criminal behaviour 
  • Class and position in the societal hierarchy encourage rebellious behaviour, especially without a support system 
  • Unemployment and a lack of education is a major factor of Youth offending
  • Ethnic groups are mostly targeted by Youth Justice officials 
  • Marginalisation is common due to communities in society's eyes being 'underclass' and 'dangerous' 
  • Youth are not treated separately from adults in the criminal justice system 
  • Resources to provide rehabilitation for youth fall heavily on private programs
  • Private support programs such as Youth Justice Coalition, Ella Baker Centre for Human Rights, and Two Goals 
    • ]]>     2023-09-05 04:01:55 UTC https://padlet.com/emailslilli/x73dvfjgd62bgaf6/wish/2684209608