To understand mythology, one has to define what comprises a myth. One good definition comes from the American Heritage Dictionary, in which it is “a fiction or half-truth, especially one that forms part of an ideology.” Another good dictionary defines myth as “a story presented as historical, dealing with traditions specific to a culture or a group of people.” These stories can be either cosmological, like battles between deities, or mundane, which can be an average, ordinary person doing superhuman things under certain circumstances.

Even American culture has its own mythology. One excellent example is Paul Bunyan and his blue ox, called Babe. Another good one is the stories of the Brer Rabbit from the Uncle Remus tales by Joel Chandler Lewis. Those stories are rooted in African mythology. The Brer Rabbit is a trickster character similar to that of Loki in Nordic mythology. Native Americans have also contributed to our history of storytelling.

Another reason mythology plays an important role is because it becomes a foundation for a lot of religions that are practiced.  These particular myths are stories that tell us about battles between good and evil. Every religion has stories like that, both ancient and modern. The protagonist, or hero, has to go through struggles against the antagonist, or villain. During that journey, that hero learns important values and morals that are important and necessary to defeat that villain. One notices it a lot in the Christian Bible, as well as in ancient classics, like the Odyssey by Homer. 

Saint George and the Dragon is an excellent example. St. George was a warrior who had to learn important virtues that were necessary to possess in order to defeat the dragon, which was at that time the Christian personification of evil, and marry Una, who was the personification of the Catholic church. This story was first told in The Faerie Queene by Sir Edmund Spencer, through the character of the Redcrosse Knight.

The most contemporary example of mythology is in modern-day comic books.  How did Peter Parker become Spider Man, for example? Today’s fantasy fiction is especially rich in mythology. Look at Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson character, or J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter. Their stories have a myth of their own.  C.S. Lewis’s Chronicles of Narnia are loaded with characters that are rooted in Greek and Roman mythology. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings and the Hobbit has become modern mythology (http://www.parmaobserver.com/read/2013/02/01/why-mythology-is-still-important-today)