Respond on your exit ticket:

• What do you see?

• What do you think has happened here?

• What were the causes and consequences of nationalist uprisings, such as the Druze Revolt, in the French Mandate?

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Title: Syria and Lebanon

Causes of nationalist uprisings

• Direct French rule

• Limited opportunities for self-government

• Desire for a free and united Greater Syria

  
  

Consequences of nationalist uprisings

• France gave Lebanon limited self-government in 1926.

• France gave Syria limited self-government in 1928.

Respond on your exit ticket:

• What do you see?

• What does their headgear say about their views on Western nations?

• How did Great Britain's actions during World War I inspire the creation of the Wafd Party?

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Title: The British in Egypt

When the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers in World War I, Great Britain

• placed Egypt under martial law.

• suspended Egypt’s Legislative Assembly.

• silenced Egyptian nationalist leaders.

• forced Egyptians to work supporting the British war effort.

Egyptian nationalism emerged from the war even stronger. In 1918, the Wafd Party formed to seek independence and quickly became a powerful political force.

Respond on your exit ticket:

• What do you see?

• Who is the leader here?

• What traditional Ottoman item of clothing are the men wearing?

• What reforms did Kemal Ataturk launch to modernize and westernize Turkey?

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Title: The Birth of Turkey

Atatürk launched a number of reforms to modernize Turkey, including:

• Discarding Islamic law and religious courts

• Giving women civil rights and the right to vote

• Banning the fez, the traditional Ottoman hat these men are wearing

• Requiring the Turkish language to be written using the Latin alphabet rather than in Arabic script

• Compelling all Turks to take surnames

Respond on your exit ticket:

• What do you see?

• What do you think is happening here?

• How did relations between Iraq and Great Britain change between World War I and World War II?

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Title: Iraq and Independence

• 1920: Iraqis revolted against the British Mandate.

• 1920s: Treaties of alliance were made between Iraq and Britain, replacing the mandate. However, nationalists wanted full independence.

• 1932: Iraq gained independence.

• Despite its treaties of alliance with Britain, Iraq remained neutral at start of World War II.

• Nationalists urged uprisings against Britain and negotiated with Axis Powers.

• 1941: Britain invaded Iraq and put a pro-British government back in power.

Respond on your exit ticket:

• What do you see?

• What do you think has happened here?

• How did Great Britain try to achieve balance between Arabs and Jews in Palestine, and how did its policies change over time?

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Title: The British Mandates

1917: Britain issued the Balfour Declaration, which announced its support for a Jewish homeland and protection of the rights of Arabs.

• 1936: With tensions increasing between Arabs and a growing number of Jewish immigrants, Palestinians launched an uprising, the Palestinian Revolt, forcing Britain to change its policies.

• 1939: Britain withdrew its support for a Jewish homeland and promised that Palestine would become an independent Arab state within 10 years

• 1947: Britain turned to the United Nations for a solution to requests to settle Holocaust survivors in the Palestine Mandate.

Respond on your exit ticket:

• What do you see?

• What do you think is happening here?

• How would you describe relations between the Saudi state and the West from World War I to World War II?

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Title: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia was ruled independent of the western powers between the two world wars.

• 1927: Britain recognized Ibn Saud as king in return for respecting British protectorates on the Arabian Peninsula.

• 1932: Ibn Saud formed the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. As King Saud, he maintained power through personal leadership and by developing a strong, centralized government.

• 1938: Oil was discovered in Saudi Arabia.

• 1944: Foreign oil workers began arriving, and Aramco, an alliance between the Saudi government and American oil companies to manage oil production, was formed.

Respond on your exit ticket:

• What is this man wearing?

• What clues do his clothes give you about his position in society?

• How did Reza Shah Pahlavi rule both as a reformer and as an autocrat?

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Title: Persia Becomes Iran

Reza Shah Pahlavi made many reforms, including:

• Expanding secular schools

• Ending the requirement that women wear veils

• Urging women to enter the work force

• Building roads, a railroad, and factories

• Expanding trading ties with Germany

  
  

Reza Shah Pahlavi ruled as an autocrat by

• controlling the Majles.

• silencing the press.

• jailing, exiling, or executing his opponents.

Respond on your exit ticket:

• What do you see?

• What role do you think these people play in society?

• How might these Algerians in France differ from French citizens?

• How did the experiences of Algerians working in France and serving in the French military influence the nationalist movement in Algeria?

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Title: France and the Barbary States

Experience gained while serving in the French army and working in French factories inspired the Algerian nationalist movement.

• Those who went to France enjoyed a higher standard of living than in Algeria.

• Those who went to France learned about democratic principles that French officials did not apply to the Muslim majority in Algeria.

• Those who went to the Middle East with the French army were inspired by Arab nationalism.