Unit 4 task 1 by BRO22001125 - Kyra Broadhead

D1 Conjunctivitis

bro22001125 — 2023-09-20 11:33:09 UTC

Conjunctivitis is also known as red or pink eye, it is very common in children as they’re exposed to new things in their life.

It usually affects both eyes and these are the main signs:

Yellow/green pus like discharge forming around the eye
Swelling of the eyelids, which is irritable for children as they will feel uncomfortable and not know that they are uncalled to control their eyes.
Burn/gritty feel or look to them, children won’t be able to explain the feeling however it is visible to others if the child’s eyes look a different texture to as they would be usually.
Pink/red eyes, this is the main symptom that indicated conjunctivitis in children when their eye colour is changing rapidly to pink or red.

The main thing is your child will become majorly irritated and will not seen to be their selves, they won’t have control over what is happening.

D1 Bronchiolitis is a common chest infection that affects babies and children under 2. It's usually mild and can be treated at home, but it can be serious.* www.nhs.uk

bro22001125 — 2023-09-20 11:35:38 UTC

Some would say that bronchiolitis seems to start as a normal cold would, runny noses, sore throats and coughs as well as high temperatures however, there are other certain things to keep an eye on closely if you think your child is catching bronchiolitis such as:

Their breathing becoming more rapid, you should notice if your child is breathing quicker than usual, it’s also good to look out for their chest area when breathing as this will indicate their speed when their chest is moving up and down.
Finding it difficult to eat/loss of appetite, all children love to snack and eat anything you give to them, it’s in their nature however you know your child the best and will know yourself if their appetite is not the same as it was.
Becoming irritable, children are obviously easily irritated however there’s a point where it’s clear your/a child is unwell and needs seeking of medical attention, this may be them crying constantly or them going into a phase where they don’t want to engage with their surroundings.

D1 In children, rubella is usually mild, with few noticeable symptoms. For children who do have symptoms, a red rash is typically the first sign. The rash generally first appears on the face and then spreads to the rest of the body, and lasts about three days.* www.nhs.uk

bro22001125 — 2023-09-20 11:38:20 UTC

Other symptoms that may occur 1-5 days before the rash appears may include:

Headache- it’s sometimes not clear if your child has a headache however they may indicate they do by pointing at their head or holding their head in pain.
General discomfort- it’s easily seen when children are agitated or not comfortable within their surroundings, being quiet for example is one to look out for.
Swollen and enlarged lymph nodes.

D1 Croup is a common condition that mainly affects babies' and young children's airways. It's usually mild, but it's important to call NHS 111 if you think your child has croup as they may need treatment.*

bro22001125 — 2023-09-20 11:40:17 UTC

Symptoms of croup in children may include:

A barking cough- this may sound like a seal like sound.
A high pitched rasping sound when breathing in- as your child breathes in it may sound like a squeaking/hissing sound coming from their chest.
A hoarse voice- this may sound croaky and deep and certainly not the same as your average children’s voice.

D1 Chickenpox is common and mostly affects children, but you can get it at any age. It usually gets better by itself after 1 to 2 weeks without needing to see a GP.*

bro22001125 — 2023-09-20 11:41:42 UTC

An itchy, spotty rash is the main symptom of chickenpox. It can be seen anywhere on the body, chicken pox also happens within 3 stages:

Stage 1

Anywhere on the body, including inside the mouth and around the genitals.
Spread or stay in a small area.
Red, pink, darker or the same colour as the surrounding skin.

Stage 2

The spots then fill with fluid and become blisters.

Stage 3

The spots begin to form scabs, to which some may be flaky and gritty and some may seep yellow like fluid.

Although there are several stages of chicken pox there are also still symptoms to look out for:

High Temperature rates.
Aches, pains and generally feeling unwell.
Loss of appetite

bro22001125 — 2023-09-20 11:52:53 UTC

Some illnesses can be highly contagious and can make others ill if a poorly child comes in to contact with them. It is therefore important that we ensure children are excluded from setting for the advised period.

This will not only help the children in the setting but also the staff too, this is vitally important to avoid the spread of pathogens towards the children and staff.

-Public Health Agency-

bro22001125 — 2023-09-20 11:54:12 UTC

This offers guidance on infection control for schools and childcare settings, some cases may require practitioners to take other controls in cases of an outbreak; they also include other information on things such as good hygiene practices, bites, animals and pregnant staff.

D2 Exclusion Periods-

bro22001125 — 2023-09-20 12:09:24 UTC

Conjunctivitis- None, you don’t need to keep your child away from school with this, just encourage them not to rub their eyes.
Chicken Pox- Until all the vesicles has crusted/ scabbed over, this is usually about 5 days after the spots first appeared.
Bronchiolitis- The child can attend setting if they are not coughing and sneezing which could spread this virus.
Rubella- 4 days, you'll be infectious to other people from 1 week before symptoms develop, and for up to 4 days after the rash first appears. If you have rubella: stay off school or work for 4 days after the rash starts.
Croup- 3-4 days, the child should stay home until they are well enough to return to school.

-Treatments for illnesses- d3

bro22001125 — 2023-09-20 12:24:02 UTC

There are various treatments for different illnesses a child may come across. Some include medication where as some may just need rest, sleep and plenty of liquids.
You must ensure medication is been given by doctor directions so you don’t give your child too much or too little of medication.
It is important that children are treated correctly when they are ill because children’s immune system won’t be as strong and could potentially end fatal.

- Treatments - d3

bro22001125 — 2023-09-20 12:31:10 UTC

Conjunctivitis- if this is bacterial you will be prescribed antibiotics to help cure this however these will not work if it is caused by a virus, it is also good to douse your eye with fresh boiled water to unstick the eyes and prevent the eyes from building up.
Chicken Pox- For most children, chickenpox is a mild illness that gets better on its own.There is no treatment for chickenpox. But, you can get remedies from your pharmacy that can help symptoms. Paracetamol to help bring down the fever and non perfumed lotions like E45 cream to help bring down the itchiness.
Croup- Mild croup can usually be treated at home. Home treatment includes using mist from a humidifier or by sitting with the child in a bathroom filled with steam generated by running hot water from the shower. Hot steam humidifiers should be avoided because of the risk of burns. Paracetamols also will help.

- Treatments- d3

bro22001125 — 2023-09-20 12:38:58 UTC

Bronchiolitis-There's no specific treatment for bronchiolitis. It usually gets better on its own and you can look after your child at home. But it can be serious in some children, who may need to be treated in hospital. Give childrens paracetamol to babies and children over 2 months old or ibuprofen to babies and children over 3 months old – but do not give aspirin to a child under 16. www.nhs.uk

Try using salt water (saline) drops if your child's nose is blocked.

Make sure to keep your child sat in an upright position as much as possible when they're awake – this will help them breathe more easily as the airway remains a straight passage for the air to get through.

Encourage your child to drink lots of fluids – try smaller feeds more often in babies, and give older children extra water or diluted fruit juice.

Rubella- There is no specific medicine to treat rubella or make the disease go away faster. In many cases, symptoms are mild. For others, mild symptoms can be managed with bed rest and medicines for fever, such as acetaminophen.

What is a notifiable disease? D4

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 13:44:29 UTC

They have to be reported to the local health authority as these will be contagious diseases. A child with a notifiable disease should not attend settings until they are advised that it is safe to return

Rubella d4

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 13:48:52 UTC

The symptoms- red skin/rash, swollen glands, aching and painful joints, children should not attend setting until 3 days later.

Measles d4

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 13:50:17 UTC

Symptoms- red/brown blotchy rash, cold like symptoms and a high temperature, children should not attend setting until 4 days after.

Covid-19 d4

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 13:51:41 UTC

Symptoms- loss of your taste/smell, stuffed nose, low grade fever, cold like symptoms, your child should not attend setting until 3 days after or if your child is still taking positive tests.

Whooping cough d4

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 13:57:43 UTC

Symptoms- runny/stuffed nose, low grade fever, apnea.
Your child should be away 3 whole weeks from as soon as the coughing started.

Yellow Fever d4

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 14:03:31 UTC

Symptoms- sudden onset of fever, chills , severe headache, general body pain, vomiting, your child should be excluded for 5 days before entering setting again.

D5

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 14:16:57 UTC

It is the responsibility of the early years practitioner to report illnesses to the setting manager. The manager must report any notifiable disease, and any outbreaks of diarrhoea and sickness to the Health Protection Team in cases of both staff and children. The HTP should be given the following information:
- total numbers affected (staff and children)
- symptoms
- dates when symptoms started
- number of rooms/classes affected

Accident or injury d5

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 14:21:11 UTC

Providers must ensure there is a first aid box accessible at all times with appropriate content for use with children. Providers must inform parents and/or carers of any accident or injury sustained by the child on the same day as, or as soon as reasonably practicable after, and if any first aid treatment.

Electricity and Substances d5

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 14:27:25 UTC

If a child within your care incurs an injury from, or needs medical treatment for the below, you must inform Ofsted:

Inhalation, through the skin or ingestion of toxic substances
Electric shock or electrical burn where it may have resulted form exposure to:
- a harmful substance
- an infected material
- a harmful substance
- a toxin
(Gov, UK , 2022)

Serious injuries, accidents and illnesses d5

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 14:44:11 UTC

You are required to tell Ofsted about:
- any admittances to hospital for more than 24 hours, this could be as a result of an accident, injury or illness gained from the setting.
- severe breathing difficulties, including asphyxia.
- a broken bone or fracture.
- dislocation or any major joint, such as the shoulder, knee, hip or elbow.
- anything leading to hypothermia or heat-induced illness.
Gov.Uk, 2022

Eyes d5

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 14:46:07 UTC

- loss of sight, whether it’s temporary or permanent
- chemical or not metal burn to the child’s eye
- any injury to the child’s eye caused by penetration of an object

Febrile Convulsions c3

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 20:52:26 UTC

Signs and symptoms-
* High temperature of 38c (100.4f) or above, rolling of the eyes, stiff body, arched back, arms and legs twitching. The child may also wet themselves and/or Thomas at the mouth.

Treatment-
* If you are not first aid trained then call for the first aider to assist. Place the child in a recovery position, make sure you stay with the child and take note on how long this lasts. Take the child to the nearest hospital or dial 999 immediately.

Colic c3

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 20:54:56 UTC

Signs and symptoms-
* intense crying bouts, crying in the late afternoon or evening, baby clenching fists, drawing their knees up or arching their back while crying.

Treatment-
* Prevent the baby swallowing air by sitting them or holding them upright, try burping your baby regularly and also bathing the baby in a warm bath whilst massaging their tummy.

Meningitis c3

bro22001125 — 2023-09-29 20:59:18 UTC

Signs and symptoms-
* A high fever with cold hands and feet also, vomit and food refusal (low appetite), drowsy, floppy and unresponsive. Pale, blotchy skin with a red rash that doesn’t fade when a glass is rolled over it, stiff neck and dislike to any light.

Treatment-
* Call 999 for urgent medical treatment. Intravenous antibiotics, fluids, oxygen, steroids to reduce swelling.