https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f Brain and biology en-us 2016-09-16 15:11:40 UTC 2026-02-25 06:10:33 UTC hello@padlet.com reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/124379656 I can discuss the nature vs. nurture debate in the biological perspective.]]> 2016-09-16 15:13:44 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/124379656 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125114896 I can understand the process of neurotransmission and parts of a neuron.]]> 2016-09-20 15:10:19 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125114896 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125115570 I can identify the different types of neurotransmission and be ready for my neuron quiz tomorrow.]]> 2016-09-20 15:11:41 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125115570 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125116336 Acetylcholine (Ach): Excitatory
Movement, arousal, attention, memory
Too much - spasms
Too little - paralysis
Dopamine:
Inhibatory or excitatory
Emotions and pleasure, involuntary movements
Too much - Schizophrenia
Too little - Parkinson's
Serotonin:
Inhibitory
Activity levels, sleep mood, eating
Too much - Euphoria, muscle twitching
Too little - Sleeplessness, depression
SSRI's:
Reuptake
Norepinephrine:
Excitatory
Arousal, wakefulness, learning, memory
Too much - arousal and anxiety
Too little- memory impairments, depression
Endorphins:
Inhibatory
Inhibits pain message
Too much: No pain
Too little: Increase in pain
GABA (Gamma Amino-buyyric Acid):
Inhibits neurons from firing
Increases sleep and relaxation
Too much: shortness of breath
Too little: anxiety, seizures]]> 2016-09-20 15:13:22 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125116336 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125121106 Agonist molecule: mimics a neurotransmitter, fitting into the receptor site and exciting the site (morphine mimics endorphines, stimulating mood and pain sensation)
Antagonist molecule: fits into the receptor site but is not similar enough to stimulate it.Instead it BLOCKS or inhibits the function of that neurotransmitter receptor.]]> 2016-09-20 15:22:35 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125121106 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125123949 Cell body - life supports 
Dendrite - receive messages (listen)
Axon - transmits electrical messages, long
Myelin sheath - makes message go faster, also protects axon
Everything psychological is also biological.

]]> 2016-09-20 15:28:23 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125123949 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125125232 biological psychologists - scientific study of the links between biological and psychological processes
neurons - a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
dendrite - a neuron's bushy, branching extensions that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body
axon - neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons or to muscles or glands
myelin sheath - fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing the axons of some neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed as neural impulses hop from one sausage-like node to the next
action potential - a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon
refractory period - a period of inactivity after a neuron has fired
threshold - the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
all-or-none-response - a neuron's reaction of either firing or not firing
synapse - junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron. The tiny gap at this junction is called the synaptic gap
neurotransmitters - chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons
reuptake - a neurotransmitter's reabsorption by the sending neuron
endorphins - pain control and pleasure
agonist - molecule that, by binding to a receptor site, stimulates a response
antagonist - a molecule that, by binding to a receptor site, inhibits or blocks a response]]> 2016-09-20 15:31:12 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125125232 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125125285 behavior genetics - the study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influence on behavior
environment - every external influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us
chromosome - threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes
DNA (deoxyribonuclei acid) - complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes
genes - the biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; segments of DNA capable of synthesizing proteins
genome - the complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes 
identical twins (monozygotic twins) - twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms
fraternal twins (dizygotic twins) - twins who develop from separate fertilized eggs. They are genetically no closer than brothers and sisters, but they share a fetal environment
molecular genetics - the subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and function of genes
heritability - the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. The heritablilty of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied
interaction - the interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor (like environment) depends on another factor (like heredity)
epigenetics - the study of environment influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change]]> 2016-09-20 15:31:20 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125125285 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125441875 I can identify the different brain imaging techniques.]]> 2016-09-21 15:11:03 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125441875 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125757849 electroencephalogram (EEG) - an amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity sweeping across the brain's surface. These waves are measured by electrodes placed on the scalp
CT (computed tomography) scan - a series of x-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice of the brain's structure (also called CAT scan)
PET (positron emission tomography) scan - a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) - a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of soft tissue. MRI scans show brain anatomy.
fMRI (functional MRI) - a technique for revealing bloodflow and, therefor, brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans and fMRI scans to show brain function as well as its structure
brainstem - the oldest part of and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cords swells as it enters the skull, the brainstem is responsible for automatic survival functions
medulla - the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing
thalamus - the brain's sensory control center, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla
reticular formation - a nerve network that travels through the brainstem and thalamus and plays an important role in controlling arousal
cerebellum - the "little brain" at the rear of the brainstem; functions include processing sensory input, coordinating movement output and balance, and enabling nonverbal learning and memory 
limbic system - neural system (including the hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus) located below the cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions and drives
amygdala - two lima-bean-sized neural clusters in the limbic system; linked to emotion
hypothalamus - a neural structure lying below the thalamus; it directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature), helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion and reward]]> 2016-09-22 15:12:19 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125757849 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125757969 I can identify the different parts of the brain.]]> 2016-09-22 15:12:33 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125757969 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125758261 How does the findings of Jim's scans and the mind reading discovery help answer theoretical questions in ways that existing measures cannot?]]> 2016-09-22 15:13:03 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125758261 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125759810 nervous system - the body's speedy, electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous system
central nervous system - the brain and the spinal cord
peripheral nervous system (PNS) - the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system (CNS) to the rest of the body
nerves - bundled axons that form neutral "cables" connecting the central nervous system with muscles, glands, and sense organs
sensory (afferent) neurons - neurons that carry incoming information fro the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord
motor (efferent) neurons - neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
interneurons - neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and interverse between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
somatic nervous system - the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles (also called the skeletal nervous system)
autonomic nervous system - the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms
sympathetic nervous system - the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations
parasympathetic nervous system - the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy
endocrine system - the body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
hormones - chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands travel through the bloodstream and affect other tissues
adrenal glands - a pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidneys and secrete hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that helps arouse the body in times of stress
pituitary gland - the endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands

]]> 2016-09-22 15:16:31 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125759810 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125759865 cerebral cortex - the intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells covering the cerebral hemispheres; the body's ultimate control and information processing center
glial cells (glia) - cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons; they may also play a role in learning and thinking
frontal lobe - portion of the cerebral cortex lying just behind the forehead; involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgements
parietal lobe - portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head and toward the rear; receives sensory input for touch and body position
occipital lobe - portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; includes areas that receive information from the visual fields
temporal lobe - portion of the cerebral cortex lying roughly above the ears; includes the auditory areas, each receiving information primarily from the opposite ear
motor cortex - an areas at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary movements
somatosensory cortex - area at the front of the parietal lobes that registers and processes body touch and movement sensations 
plasticity - the brain's ability to change, especially during childhood, by reorganizing after damage or by building new pathways based on experience]]> 2016-09-22 15:16:38 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125759865 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125762264 corpus callosum - the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them
split brain - a condition resulting from surgery that isolates the brain's two hemispheres by cutting the fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) connecting them
consciousness - our awareness of ourselves and our environment
cognitive neuroscience - the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language) 
dual processing - the principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks

]]> 2016-09-22 15:21:50 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/125762264 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126042740 I can create brain injury skits with We]]> 2016-09-23 15:09:55 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126042740 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126407685 I can understand the parts of the hindbrain with broccoli]]> 2016-09-26 15:21:04 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126407685 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126407992 2016-09-26 15:22:02 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126407992 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126408586 circadian rhythm - the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle
REM sleep - rapid eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active
alpha waves - the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state
sleep - periodic, natural loss of consciousness-as distinct from unconsciousness resulting form a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation
hallucinations - false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus
delta waves - the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep 
NREM sleep - non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep
suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) -a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm. In response to light, the SCN causes the pineal gland to adjust melatonin production, thus modifying our feelings of sleepiness

]]> 2016-09-26 15:23:33 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126408586 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126705892 2016-09-27 15:26:32 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126705892 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126706125 I can understand the lobes of the brain with fruit

]]> 2016-09-27 15:27:02 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126706125 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126709802 Being human is not about what we are good at and what our weaknesses are. It is about the compassion and the kindness we give to others. It's all about how our personality is, which is what the frontal lobe controls. If something happened to our frontal lobe and we didn't have a personality, then we wouldn't be human. I think this because our personality makes up who we are, not what we are good at.]]> 2016-09-27 15:36:19 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126709802 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126993449 I can understand the endocrine system and influence of drugs on the body.]]> 2016-09-28 15:03:52 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/126993449 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/127285987 I can understand a split brain person (Joe) by Gazzaniga.]]> 2016-09-29 15:09:08 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/127285987 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/127287968 1.) Corpus Collesum - It connects the two hemispheres of the brain.
2.) The left hemisphere of the brain controls speech and what you see in the right side of what you see. And the right hemisphere of the brain controls movement and what you see in the left side. What Joe sees on one side of the screen then the right hemisphere can only draw it, but cannot speak about it. But then on the other side of the screen, Joe can say what he saw. The left needs reason and logic, and the right needs facial recognition and creativity.
3.) I'd rather live without my right hemisphere, like Gazzaniga. I would do this because the left hemisphere is all about logic and reasoning, so it would help with decision making. I could live without my right, because I wouldn't need the creativity. ]]> 2016-09-29 15:13:23 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/127287968 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/127554895 I can explain the difference between the 2 hemispheres and begin sleep]]> 2016-09-30 15:11:42 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/127554895 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/127558209 1.) It helps with growth, also with recharging your brain.
2.) The sleep cycle is 90 minutes, the sleep cycle goes in this order: 1 2 3 4 3 2 1 REM.  In stages 3 and 4 they go away the longer you sleep, and the best stage to wake up is stage 1.
3.) We dream during the REM (Rapid Eye Movement/Paradoxical) stage.
4.) Latent content is what the meaning of the dream is, and the manifest content is what the dream consists of.
5.) Why some people feel more energized when they get less sleep, but feel more tired when they get a lot of sleep?]]> 2016-09-30 15:20:45 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/127558209 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/127907575 I can practice diagram quiz/break down sleep stages.]]> 2016-10-03 15:12:08 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/127907575 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/127911315 consciousness - our awareness of ourselves and our environment
hypnosis - a social interaction in which one person (the subject) responds to another person's (the hypnotist's) suggestions that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur
postthypnotic suggestion - a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors
dissociation - a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others]]> 2016-10-03 15:20:23 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/127911315 reesegor7625 https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/128213254 I can finish brain projects and prepare for exams (turn in padlets)]]> 2016-10-04 15:25:15 UTC https://padlet.com/reesegor7625/x3x8abadis2f/wish/128213254