1.Then- India was under the British rule and followed the orders of the British, willingly or not.
Now- India is a democracy. It has its own constitution which is to be followed or strict action is taken against the criminal.

2.Then- Women did not have many rights or a voice (hypothetically speaking). They were not educated or allowed to work.
Now- Women have the same rights as men. They can work and have a voice (hypothetically speaking). They have as many opportunities as men to showcase their abilities and talents.

3.Then- People were discriminated on the basis of gender, race, caste, economy and religion. They believed in false superstitions, for eg. if they travelled across the seas they would lose their castes.
Now- People are not discriminated as often as they were earlier. They, also, don't believe in false superstitions. 

categories -
1.Political-Prior to independence India was a colony of British empire with queen as head of state.Various princely states of india had to follow the dictates of Viceroy of india who was a representative of british empire.
After independence democratically elected government rules the country as per the constitution of india.All the princely states have been amalgamated in the country and have no identity of their own .

2.Geographical- Before Independence Indian territory extended from Afghanistan in the west to Myanmar in the east. Before leaving, Britishers divided India into India,  Pakistan and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) on the basis of religion.
3. Economy- Prior to Independence, India was a poor country which mainly used to produce raw materials to be used by industries in Britain. Finished product was then shipped to India for use. Post Independence, India strengthened its infrastructure and industrial base. Over a period of time, India has emerged as a fast developing economy and software superpower.   

1)The colonial rule lacked administrative efficiency. The local people were deprived of their rights and taxes were collected ruthlessly. They had no voice, no power and suffered silently. Superstitions and ill practises such as child marriage and ‘Sati’ were prevalent. 

After Independence, India has changed dramatically. It is now a democratic country and the people have the power to elect their representatives. The supreme power lies in the people’s hands. India is the largest democracy in the world and  the Indian Constitution states that the government is of the people, by the people and for the people. The government has also taken steps to improve the condition of many societies. For example, ill practises such as child marriage and Sati are banned and there have also been many schemes for the upliftment of the society.

2) During the Mughal period, India’s share in the world’s GDP was 23 percent. By the time the British left India it had dropped to almost 3 percent. This was because India was governed for Britain’s benefit. Britishers purchased raw materials from India, made sure that value addition happened in Britain and then it was sold in the Indian Markets at a higher price.

India’s economy now has improved a lot. Now India’s share in the world’s GDP has increased to 7.3 percent amounting to 2.3 trillion US dollars. People are encouraged to do value addition in India itself. In 2015 and 2018, India’s economy became the world’s fastest growing major economy, surpassing China.

3)Before the britishers came to India, Brahmins, rich men and the nobility were only the educated people of the society and dominated it. Schools were built but the strict teachers and the boring subjects demotivated the students. The first school had the westernised subjects, was opened in 1800 under the English East India Company. In the colonial period the education standard improved but the society was filled with caste vices and gender discrimination. Untouchability was prominent and women were educated and not given a place in the society. 

Nowadays, schools are opened everywhere and people of all castes, gender and religions are motivated to join. The government, through many schemes, has ensured that education is provided to all societies. Untouchability has been abolished but caste vices are still present. Women are now encouraged to be educated and have scaled new heights from flying fighter planes to being a rickshaw driver, they are everywhere and into every profession.  

1)The colonial rule lacked administrative efficiency. The local people were deprived of their rights and taxes were collected ruthlessly. They had no voice, no power and suffered silently. Superstitions and ill practises such as child marriage and ‘Sati’ were prevalent. 

After Independence, India has changed dramatically. It is now a democratic country and the people have the power to elect their representatives. The supreme power lies in the people’s hands. India is the largest democracy in the world and  the Indian Constitution states that the government is of the people, by the people and for the people. The government has also taken steps to improve the condition of many societies. For example, ill practises such as child marriage and Sati are banned and there have also been many schemes for the upliftment of the society.

2) During the Mughal period, India’s share in the world’s GDP was 23 percent. By the time the British left India it had dropped to almost 3 percent. This was because India was governed for Britain’s benefit. Britishers purchased raw materials from India, made sure that value addition happened in Britain and then it was sold in the Indian Markets at a higher price.

India’s economy now has improved a lot. Now India’s share in the world’s GDP has increased to 7.3 percent amounting to 2.3 trillion US dollars. People are encouraged to do value addition in India itself. In 2015 and 2018, India’s economy became the world’s fastest growing major economy, surpassing China.

3)Before the britishers came to India, Brahmins, rich men and the nobility were only the educated people of the society and dominated it. Schools were built but the strict teachers and the boring subjects demotivated the students. The first school had the westernised subjects, was opened in 1800 under the English East India Company. In the colonial period the education standard improved but the society was filled with caste vices and gender discrimination. Untouchability was prominent and women were educated and not given a place in the society. 

Nowadays, schools are opened everywhere and people of all castes, gender and religions are motivated to join. The government, through many schemes, has ensured that education is provided to all societies. Untouchability has been abolished but caste vices are still present. Women are now encouraged to be educated and have scaled new heights from flying fighter planes to being a rickshaw driver, they are everywhere and into every profession.  

Second Difference: Healthcare

Third Difference: Industrialization

India was not a very modern country back the and native Indians did not know their rights. We were restricted due to our religions and superstitions. Now however due to western education we have developed advanced means of transport and communication. Also due to education our way of thinking has changed and we are no longer tightly bound by religion.

Earlier we had weapons like swords, daggers, spears and so were not able to fight against the Western invades who had guns, cannons and other such weapons. Now with development is technology and better understanding we have developed Nuclear weapons and better military strength.

1)   India THEN was a patch work of small independent provinces in the Indian subcontinent which were played like a puppet by the British. But NOW, India is the largest democracy in the world, a regional military & economic power and one of the fastest growing economy in the world. Our vibrant democracy is for the people, of the people and by the people and we all are proud INDIANS!

2)   THEN, brutal practices like child marriage, female infanticide, Sati Pratha (widow burning), discrimination based on caste, sex and religion were being followed rampantly, all of which are NOW punishable offences in, a mature society and country. India has NOW developed on all fronts viz, eradication of polio in public health, modernization of our armed forces which is ranked 4^th in the world, highly successful space programme, advancement in manufacturing sector, an enviable Information Technology(IT) industry, an evolving Digital India, women empowerment etc. The beauty of India lies in our ‘unity in diversity’ with 9 prominent religions, 22 official languages and numerous dialects, regional traditions and practices, all of them being mutually respected and adored. 

3)   Sadly there are many cons too, that we have to work to overcome NOW..…… we have been misusing what is given to us, and have bitterly harmed our India and mother earth. The rapid aggressive advancement has led to global warming, with our busy lifestyles, we have forgotten our national heroes, respect towards our elders and love for the under privileged brethren. But still it’s not very late and we can together become more responsible society towards preserving our nature, spreading peace and harmony, while still progressing with life. Let all of us NOW pledge together to make India as dreamt by Bapu, Chacha Nehru and all our freedom fighters into a  land of love , affection and prosperity. 

2. The renaming of places and people was not just a British trait. All the colonisers changed things according to their convenience and well, while a few of these places were renamed again after independence, a lot of them still go by their colonised names. However now people have started asking questions. which is the best part of the modern era, people want to go back to their roots . Don't nobody want to be told what to do ! I mean back then nobody could say anything against the British as they were stronger. 

3. Much has been talked about the status of women in India , a long time ago she was struggling to achieve a respected position in the society. During that time their were many things women needed to go through , such as child marriage, dowry etc . Girl child was given less attention, less nutrition, almost no education as compared to a male child. Well I 
wouldn't say things are perfect now, but I can say its gotten better . Most women can now go out to work, get married at a legal age, they are given good food and education. 

There are lots  of more things that have changed over the years . But I can't mention them all in three points after all there are so many years to catch up on ! 

Today India is a federal union comprising of 29 states and 7 union territiorries.It is a sovereign,socialist,secular democratic country where we elect our leaders and have right which prevent others from forcing us to do what we don't want to.

3.Education-Literacy rate at that time was a mere 12%.Education was only allowed for people of higher castes and on top of that women were not educated.

Now,in the recent 2011 census India proved to have a literacy rate of 74%.We have a fundamental right to education.There are programs and schemes to ensure education for all.