Chapter 27 - USH Class A by Andrea Spence

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The forces behind America's imperialism was that they believed they needed to expand and grow. Additionally they had a power that was from growth in various aspects of wealth and population, including overseas involvement.

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Pulitzer and Hearst illustrated foreign exploits as manly and adventurous. men already wanted overseas involvement, but it showed strength and spread American values. They tried to dominate other countries for strength.

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Many Americans believed that the United States had to expand or explode. Their country was bursting with a new sense of power generated by the robust growth in population, wealth, and productive capacity and it was trembling from the hammer blows of labor violence and agrarian unrest.

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Many people believed it was time for America to expand. The forces behind America's new imperialism was the growth in population, wealth, and productive capacity.

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"yellow press" of Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst described foreign exploits as manly adventures, the kind of dashing derring-do that was the stuff of young boys' dreams. Pious missionaries, inspired by books like the Reverend Josiah Strong's Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis, looked overseas for new souls to harvest. Strong trumpeted the superiority of Anglo-Saxon civilization and summoned Americans to spread their religion and their values to the "backward" peoples.

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Farmers and factory owners began to look for markets beyon American shores. As industrial and agricultural production boomed, Many Americans believed the US needed to expand.

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The forces behind America's new imperialism was derived by the ambition to expand overseas and dominate the agricultural and industrial market of the area.

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America wanted to expand and "explode". They had a new robust growth and needed to expand through different forces such as he overseas market. It was time to expand and growth in population and wealth and productive were increasing.

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The "yellow press" of Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst described foreign exploits as manly adventures, the kind of dashing derring-do that was the stuff of young boys' dreams. Pious missionaries, inspired by books like the Reverend Josiah Strong's Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis, looked overseas for new souls to harvest. Strong trumpeted the superiority of Anglo-Saxon civilization and summoned Americans to spread their religion and their values to the "backward" peoples.

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Because of the America's new imperialism forces such as population, wealth, power, agricultural/industrial production, and violence, began booming and thriving. These led to the expansion and growth of America.

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"yellow press" of Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst described foreign exploits as manly adventures, the kind of dashing derring-do that was the stuff of young boys' dreams. Pious missionaries, inspired by books like the Reverend Josiah Strong's Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis, looked overseas for new souls to harvest. Strong trumpeted the superiority of Anglo-Saxon civilization and summoned Americans to spread their religion and their values to the "backward" peoples. He cast his seed on fertile ground.

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Pulitzer and Hearst advertised foreign exploits as manly and adventurous which appealed to men's want for overseas involvement. They wanted to dominate all other countries.

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Scandals and rumors were expressed with yellow journalism leading to wars emerging. Yellow journalism was exploited as manly adventures, the kind of dashing derring-do that was the stuff of young boys' dreams.

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Hawaii was the center for sugar production

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Americans gradually came to regard the Hawaiian Islands as a virtual extension of their own coastline

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america say hawaii as an extension of their own coastline

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The US began to see Hawaii as part of their coast line as if they owned it

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Then sugar markets went sour in 1890 when the McKinley Tariff raised barriers against the Hawaiian product.

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Hawaii became an increasingly important center for sugar production.

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America further tightened its grip in 1887 when it signed a treaty with the Hawaiian government guaranteeing priceless naval-base rights at spacious Pearl Harbor.

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America tightened its grip when signed a treaty with the Hawaiian government

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sugar markets went sour in 1890 when the McKinely Tariff raised barriers against the Hawaiian product. White American planters thereupon renewed their efforts to secure the annexation of Hawaii to the United States.

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Americans gradually came to regard the Hawaiian Islands as a virtual extension of their own coastline— despite the fact that Hawaii was a constitutional monarchy whose sovereign status was widely recognized by other nations.

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Americans saw is as a important port and a center for sugar production

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The Spaniaras concluded that the explosion had been internal and presumably accidental

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this rise in revolt was ideal for the yellow journalism

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Situations with suposed "war in cuba" were fabricated from journalists for more publicity

EX:

Hearst sent the gifted artist Frederic Remington to Cuba to draw sketches, allegedly with the pointed admonition "You furnish the pictures and I'll furnish the war."

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The ship Maine blew up in Havana Harbor killing 260 sailors.

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Cuba's masses, frightfully misgoverned, rose against their Spanish oppressors in 1895.

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Then early in 1898, Washington sent the battleship Maine to Cuba, ostensibly for a "friendly visit" but actually to protect and evacuate Americans if a dangerous flare-up should occur and to demonstrate Washington's concern for the island's stability.

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American's wanted to go to war with Spain after the sinking of the Maine. They didn't want Spain to control Cuba but they didn't want to lose control either

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McKinley sent war messages to free the oppressed Cubans.

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Hearst also sensationally publicized a private letter from the Spanish minister in Washington, Dupuy de Lôme. The indiscreet epistle, stolen from the mails, described President McKinley in decidedly unflattering terms. The resulting uproar forced Dupuy de Lôme's resignation and further infuriated the American public.

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The roots of their revolt were partly economic.

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A joint resolution of annexation was rushed through Congress and approved by McKinley on July 7, 1898. It granted Hawaiian residents U.S. citizenship; Hawaii received full territorial status in 1900.

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Dewey carried out his orders magnificently on May 1, 1898 (see Map 27.2). Sailing boldly with his six warships at night into the fortified harbor of Manila

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Roosevelt exemplified leadership and took matters into his own hands

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Yet Dewey was in a perilous position. He had destroyed the enemy fleet, but he could not storm the forts of Manila with his sailors. His nerves frayed, he was forced to wait in the sweltering bay while troop reinforcements were slowly assembled in America.

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Long-awaited American troops, finally arriving in force, captured Manila on August 13, 1898, in collaboration with Filipino insurgents commanded by their well-educated, part-Chinese leader, Emilio Aguinaldo. Dewey, to his later regret, had brought this shrewd and magnetic revolutionary from exile in Asia so that he might weaken Spanish resistance.

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Dewey carried out his orders magnificently on May 1, 1898 (see Map 27.2). Sailing boldly with his six warships at night into the fortified harbor of Manila,

he trained his guns the next morning on the moldy ten-ship Spanish fleet.

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The entire collection of antiquated and overmatched vessels was quickly destroyed, with a loss of nearly four hundred Spaniards killed and wounded, and without the loss of a single American life.

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An impression spread that America needed the archipelago as a coaling and provisioning way station, in order to send supplies and reinforcements to Dewey. McKinley also worried that Japan might grab the Hawaiian Islands while America was distracted elsewhere. A joint resolution of annexation was rushed through Congress and approved by McKinley on July 7

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Dewey led his troops to capture Manila on August 13, 1898

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mckinley needed to find a way to send aid to dewey while not being too preoccupied and letting the Japanese attack Hawaii

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dewey and his men killed the spanards without a loss on their side

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McKinley was worried that Japan might grab Hawaiian islands.

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The Spanish "armada" eventually wheezed into bottle-shaped Santiago harbor, Cuba, where it was easily blockaded by the much more powerful American fleet.

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The American army, fast closing in on Santiago, spelled doom for the badly outgunned Spanish fleet. On July 3 the Spaniards dutifully steamed out of the harbor and into the teeth of the waiting American warships. "Don't cheer, men," Captain Philip of the Texas admonished his seamen. "The poor devils are dying." Shortly thereafter Santiago surrendered (see Map 27.3).

Hasty preparations were now made for a descent upon Puerto Rico before the war should end. There the American army met even less resistance than in Cuba. By this time Spain had satisfied its honor. On August 12, 1898, it signed an armistice.

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The Rough Riders were constructed by Roosevelt and were a part of the American invasion of Cuba.

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Rough Riders, a part of the invading army, now charged onto the stage of history. This colorful regiment of volunteers, short on discipline but long on dash, consisted largely of western cowboys and other hardy characters, with a sprinkling of ex-polo players and ex-convicts.

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The Rough Riders, a part of the invading army, now charged onto the stage of history. This colorful regiment of volunteers, short on discipline but long on dash, consisted largely of western cowboys and other hardy characters, with a sprinkling of ex-polo players and ex-convicts.

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the rough riders, short on discipline but long on dash, consisted largely of western cowboys and other hardy characters, with a sprinkling of ex-polo players and ex-convicts.

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Theodore Roosevelt was going to serve as lutientenat colonel

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Many diseases such as malaria and yellow fever caused the death of many.

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The spainiards were able to hold out in cuba for a little longer but the americans were falling due to illness

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By the time Spain satisfied their honor, they signed an armistice

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McKinley saw all the options open to him as not a good idea and trouble filled

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He did not feel that America could honorably give the islands back to Spanish misrule, especially after it had fought a war to free Cuba. And he believed that America would be turning away from its responsibilities in a cowardly fashion if they just turned around and sailed away.

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mickinley felt he could not give back the islands to the Spanish because of their misrule but also felt that america would seem cowardly

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McKinely did not feel that America could give the islands back to the Spanish honorably, which confronted him with a devils dilemma.

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McKinely wanted to acquire all the Philippines and then perhaps give the Filipinos their freedom later.

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He didn't feel like he could return the Philippines to Spain or leave them to govern themselves.

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McKinely didnt think that America could rightfully and honorably give the islands back to Spanish misrule. They felt that especially after it had fought a war to free Cuba. The least evil thing to do and consistent with national honor and safety was to acquire all of the Philippines and then maybe give the Filipinos their freedom later on.

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Mckinley was not sure how to take over the Filipinos without starting a war or falling into anarchy

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felt that America could honorably give the islands back to Spanish misrule after it had fought a war to free Cuba. which would make America turn its back upon their responsibilities in a cowardly fashion

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the anti imperialist league uprose in order to fight the McKinley administration's expansionist moves

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on February 6, 1899, America became an empire.

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the Senate approved the treaty with Spain and America became an empire

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The Senate approved the treaty with Spain with just one vote to spare on February 6, 1899.
Anti-imperialists raised many objections. The organization counted among its members some of the most prominent people in the United States, including the presidents of Stanford and Harvard Universities and the novelist Mark Twain.

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The Anti-Imperialists wanted to stop America from taking over more foreign lands while the Imperialists saw it as a duty to take over and "civilize" them.

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Anti-Imperialist League, known as opponents of annexation, opposed The Filipinos thirsted for freedom, and said to annex them would violate the "consent of the governed" philosophy in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution.

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Anti-imperialists believed that annexing the Filipinos would go against the Constitution. Imperialists believed that it would help expand America. America signed a treaty with Spain and became an empire on February 6, 1899.

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The Anti-Imperialists were against America taking foreign land, and believed (or assumed) that it was their moral duty to civilize them and take over their land, which made them sign a treaty with spain.

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Accorded the Puerto Ricans a limited degree of popular government.

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The Foraker Act of 1900 accorded the Puerto Ricans a limited degree of popular government (and outlawed cockfighting, a favorite island pastime).

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accorded the Puerto Ricans a limited degree of popular government

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limited govt.

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Congress granted U.S. citizenship to Puerto Ricans in 1917 but withheld full self-rule// limited government

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determined the degree of puerto rican government

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The Foraker Act of 1900 accorded the Puerto Ricans a limited degree of popular government (and outlawed cockfighting, a favorite island pastime).

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Granted Puerto Ricans limited government and american citizenship

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a badly divided Supreme Court decreed//Puerto Ricans (and Filipinos) might be subject to American rule, but they did not enjoy all American rights.

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Puerto Ricans (and Filipinos) might be subject to American rule, but they did not enjoy all American rights

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Puerto Ricans (and Filipinos) might be subject to American rule, but they did not enjoy all American rights.

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The Cubans were therefore forced to write into their own constitution of 1901

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The Cubans were therefore forced to write into their own constitution of 1901

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The cubans own constitution

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The Cubans were therefore forced to write into their own constitution of 1901

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cubans own constitution

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"Splendid little war"

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the war was short with low casualties

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The war itself was short (113 days), low in casualties, and theatrically successful despite the bungling.

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splendid little war

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The war itself was short (113 days), low in casualties, and theatrically successful despite the bungling.

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"splendid little war."

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little casualties, 113 days, splendid little war

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the further closing of the "bloody chasm" between North and South

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The most beneficial result of the war was closing the devide between northern and southern states.

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the United States became a full-fledged Far Eastern power

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One of the most beneficial results of the conflict was the further closing of the "bloody chasm" between North and South.

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the further closing of the "bloody chasm"

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What did the Filipinos assume?

The liberty-loving Filipinos assumed that they, like the Cubans, would be granted their freedom after the Spanish-American War. They were tragically deceived.

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Filipinos assumed that they would be granted their freedom after the Spanish-American War.

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assumed that they, like the Cubans, would be granted their freedom after the Spanish-American War

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Bitterness toward the occupying American troops erupted into open insurrection on February 4, 1899, under Emilio Aguinaldo.

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announce that in their leaseholds or spheres of influence they would respect certain Chinese rights and the ideal of fair competition

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A new innovative communication

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the open door note announced that the foreign countries would respect certain Chinese rights and the ideal of fair competition

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McKinley's renomination by the Republicans in 1900 was a given because he won the war and acquired rich. He had safeguarded the gold standard amd he had brought the promised prosperity of the full dinner pail.