•The sovereign is the head of State;

•The legislature is the supreme legislative authority and consists of the Queen in Parliament (House of Commons and House of Lords); 

•The executive consists of the Prime Minister and the government ministers;

•The judiciary is concerned with the administration of justice and is fully independent of both the legislative and the executive branches.

•The British Parliament consists of The House of Lords and The House of Commons.

•Each MP usually belongs to a political party (Conservatives, Labour and Liberal Democrats) and represents one of the parliamentary electoral districts (constituencies) into which the UK is divided.

•- summons and dissolves the Parliament;

•- appoints the Prime Minister and, on his/her advice the other government ministers;

•- gives Royal Assent by signing the laws passed by the Parliament;

•- is head of the Commonwealth;

•- is the temporal head of the Church of England.

•The Cabinet meets on a regular basis, usually weekly, in a large room at 10 Downing Street. This is the official house of the Prime Minister.

•The Conservative Party which is a centre-right party; they stand for private enterprise free from state control. Margareth Thatcher was one of the most important leaders of this party ad Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990.

•The Labour Party which is a centre-left party ; it emerged as the political expression of the working classes and over the years it has moved from very strict socialist ideas to a more social democratic view which agrees on freer trade policies.

•The Liberal Democrats who are considered to be the centre party in British politics.They try to balance the fundamental values of liberty, equality and community.