Disease & Immunity by Edward Zhou https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr en-us 2025-05-11 20:37:48 UTC 2025-05-11 21:17:06 UTC hello@padlet.com Disease & Immunity 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445263402 2025-05-11 20:38:36 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445263402 Disease 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445264883 2025-05-11 20:41:03 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445264883 Immunity 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445264931 2025-05-11 20:41:12 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445264931 Pathogens 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445266768 Lives and produces in a host, which is a living organism

]]> 2025-05-11 20:44:55 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445266768 Direct contact 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445266890 Blood & Semen

]]> 2025-05-11 20:45:12 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445266890 Indirect contact 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445267020 Food & water, contaminated surfaces, insect bite, droplets in air

]]> 2025-05-11 20:45:30 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445267020 Spread 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445271224 2025-05-11 20:53:11 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445271224 Living 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445271311 Parasites, protozoa, fungi & prokaryote

]]> 2025-05-11 20:53:25 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445271311 None-living 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445271896 Virus, prion

]]> 2025-05-11 20:54:27 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445271896 Antibody 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445272891 Chemicals made by lymphocytes, need to be complementary shaped to pathogens to attach and kill

]]> 2025-05-11 20:56:09 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445272891 Antigen 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445275126 Protein on the outside of a cell

]]> 2025-05-11 21:00:47 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445275126 Defences 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445275659 Body's immune system (white blood cells) kills the pathogens

]]> 2025-05-11 21:01:56 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445275659 Mechanical 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445276747 Skin covers almost all parts of the body, which is impermeable. If skin is broken, platelets release fibrin to clot it up.


Nose hair filters the air

]]> 2025-05-11 21:04:27 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445276747 Chemical 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445277788 Mucus - traps the pathogens


Secretion - Tears/sweat, stomach acid (HCl)


Smell/taste receptor - triggers for immune response

]]> 2025-05-11 21:06:54 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445277788 Cells 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445278524 Phagocyte - engulfs pathogens


Lymphocytes - signal other cells of the presence of pathogens


These can be enhanced by vaccines

]]> 2025-05-11 21:08:27 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445278524 Controlling spread 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445279981 good hygiene

adequate sanitation

effective waste disposal

clean water supply with Cl2 to kill microbes

Food - keep away from bacteria, animal, don't keep at room temperatures and prevent raw food


Sewage treatment

]]> 2025-05-11 21:11:28 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445279981 Cholera 200854160_ https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445282492 1. Vibrio cholerae bacteria attach to the intestinal epithelium

2. They produce a toxin

3. The toxin stimulates the epithelial cells to secrete chloride ions into the intestinal lumen

4. Chloride ions accumulate, increasing the lumen concentration / decreasing the water potential

5. Once the water potential is lower than that of the blood, water moves out of the blood into the lumen via osmosis

]]> 2025-05-11 21:17:05 UTC https://padlet.com/200854160_/woddtc79417rntwr/wish/3445282492