https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86 Williams, El'Kenno & Farrington, Shamani en-us 2021-09-08 14:19:22 UTC 2021-09-09 15:02:32 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f473-2642.png elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725119241 2021-09-08 14:46:45 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725119241 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725122314  This is the third-longest river in Italy and the longest in Central Italy, its mainly used for providing a source of fresh water to Romans and was also an important route for trade & transportation. ]]> 2021-09-08 14:47:40 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725122314 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725131993 The Rubicon River was in reality, a little more than a stream. Its significance to the Roman Republic lays in its location, marking the official border between Italy and Cisalpine Gaul. Despite its appearance, crossing this humble river would have serious consequences. In 49 B.C. on the banks of the Rubicon, Julius Caesar faced that critical choice. Crossing the river into Italy would be a declaration of war. Caesar chose war.]]> 2021-09-08 14:50:35 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725131993 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725141824 Located in Central Europe, the Alps stretch across the countries of France, Italy, Germany, etc. As with nearby mountain chains, the Alps are very important as they contribute much of what is left of the original forest cover of central and southern Europe. As with nearby mountain chains, the Alps are very important as they contribute much of what is left of the original forest cover of central and southern Europe. Some of the last forests in Europe of an almost natural state are found in this region.]]> 2021-09-08 14:53:32 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725141824 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725153098 Two mountain ranges, the Alps and the Apennines, helped to protect Rome from invasion. The Apennines divide the Italian peninsula in half and, according to SPQR Online, allowed the Romans to mass forces for counter-attack whenever they were threatened.

]]> 2021-09-08 14:56:45 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725153098 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725160271 2021-09-08 14:58:55 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725160271 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725166736 Romulus and Remus were twin brothers. They were abandoned by their parents as babies and put into a basket that was then placed into the River Tiber. The basket ran aground and the twins were discovered by a female wolf. The wolf nursed the babies for a short time before they were found by a shepherd.]]> 2021-09-08 15:00:56 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725166736 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725172549 During the early formation of Rome, Italy was settled by many different peoples. These included the Latin peoples (the first to settle Rome), the Greeks (who settled along the coast of Italy), the Sabines, and the Etruscans. The Etruscans were a powerful people who lived nearby Rome.]]> 2021-09-08 15:02:45 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725172549 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725214549 The patricians were originally a group of ruling class families in ancient Rome. The distinction was highly significant in the Roman Kingdom, and the early Republic, but its relevance waned after the Conflict of the Orders. the patricians made the laws, owned the lands, and were the generals over the army. Plebeians couldn't hold public office and were not even allowed to marry patricians.]]> 2021-09-08 15:15:16 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725214549 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725224491 n ancient Rome, the plebeians were the general body of free Roman citizens who were not patricians, as determined by the census, or in other words "commoners". The status, of being both plebeian or patrician, was hereditary. They would leave the city for a while, refuse to work, or even refuse to fight in the army. Eventually, the plebeians gained a number of rights including the right to run for office and marry patricians. One of the first concessions that the plebeians got from the patricians was the Law of the Twelve Tables.]]> 2021-09-08 15:18:13 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725224491 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725235784 Slaves were considered property under Roman law and had no legal personhood. Most slaves would never be freed. ... Over time, however, slaves gained increased legal protection, including the right to file complaints against their masters. One major source of slaves had been Roman military expansion during the Republic.Most slaves during the Roman Empire were foreigners and, unlike in modern times, Roman slavery was not based on race. Slaves in Rome might include prisoners of war, sailors captured and sold by pirates, or slaves bought outside Roman territory.]]> 2021-09-08 15:21:42 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725235784 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725246778 Freeborn women in ancient Rome were citizens (cives), but could not vote or hold political office. Because of their limited public role, women are named less frequently than men by Roman historians.The education of women was a controversial subject in the Roman period. Basic skills of reading and writing were taught to most girls in the Roman upper and middle classes, while some families went further and employed private tutors to teach their daughters more advanced grammar or Greek.

]]> 2021-09-08 15:25:03 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725246778 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725250416 2021-09-08 15:26:04 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1725250416 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728172389 2021-09-09 14:09:50 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728172389 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728180530 a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.]]> 2021-09-09 14:12:03 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728180530 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728192065 The written recording of the law in the Twelve Tables enabled the plebeians both to become acquainted with the law and to protect themselves against patricians' abuses of power. ... The Twelve Tables were not a reform or a liberalizing of old custom.The Twelve Tables give the student of Roman culture a chance to look into the workings of a society which is still quite agrarian in outlook and operations, and in which the main bonds which hold the society together and allow it to operate are: the clan (genos, gens), patronage (patron/client), and the inherent .]]> 2021-09-09 14:15:15 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728192065 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728196484 The king of the gods. He was named after the largest planet in the solar system. It was believed that this ancient Roman god threw thunderbolts and lightening down to the earth.]]> 2021-09-09 14:16:21 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728196484 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728205845 2021-09-09 14:18:57 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728205845 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728206468 The Constitution prescribes that the Senate be composed of two senators from each State (therefore, the Senate currently has 100 Members) and that a senator must be at least thirty years of age, have been a citizen of the United States for nine years, and, when elected, be a resident of the State from which he or she. The Senate has the sole power to confirm those of the President's appointments that require consent and to provide advice and consent to ratify treaties. There are, however, two exceptions to this rule: the House must also approve appointments to the Vice Presidency and any treaty that involves foreign trade.

]]> 2021-09-09 14:19:08 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728206468 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728217800 Tribune was the title of various elected officials in ancient Rome. The two most important were the tribunes of the plebs and the military tribunes.These tribunes had the power to convene and preside over the Concilium Plebis (people's assembly); to summon the senate; to propose legislation; and to intervene on behalf of plebeians in legal matters; but the most significant power was to veto the actions of the consuls and other magistrates, thus protecting.

]]> 2021-09-09 14:22:24 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728217800 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728222754 The wife of Jupiter and hence, the queen of the gods. According to the ancient Roman stories, Juno seemed ill-tempered, unpleasant and was often jealous of the other goddesses like Venus.

]]> 2021-09-09 14:23:49 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728222754 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728228171 The messenger of the gods. It is believed that he wore sandals which had wings appended to them ensuring that he could fly swiftly in the air.]]> 2021-09-09 14:25:21 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728228171 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728228842 The consuls were the chairmen of the Senate, which served as a board of advisers. They also commanded the Roman army (both had two legions) and exercised the highest juridical power in the Roman empire. Therefore, the Greek historian Polybius of Megalopolis likened the consuls to kings. Consuls, however, were in a very real sense the heads of state. They commanded the army, convened and presided over the Senate and the popular assemblies and executed their decrees, and represented the state in foreign affairs.

]]> 2021-09-09 14:25:33 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728228842 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728236703 The god of the sun. He was usually pictured flying across the blue azure in his golden chariot drawn by white horses. Apollo had a twin sister named Diana.

]]> 2021-09-09 14:27:43 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728236703 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728240833 2021-09-09 14:28:42 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728240833 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728243413 Dictator, in the Roman Republic, a temporary magistrate with extraordinary powers, nominated by a consul on the recommendation of the Senate and confirmed by the Comitia Curiata (a popular assembly). Dictators were then named for lesser functions such as the holding of elections in certain cases.A dictator is a political leader who possesses absolute power. A dictatorship is a state ruled by one dictator or by a small clique. The word originated as the title of a magistrate in the Roman Republic appointed by the Senate to rule the republic in times of emergency (see Roman dictator and justitium). The dictator's term was set at six months, although he customarily laid down his powers as soon as the crisis passed.

]]> 2021-09-09 14:29:22 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728243413 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728253684 A professional heavy infantryman of the Roman army after the Marian reforms. These soldiers would conquer and defend the territories of ancient Rome during the late Republic and Principate eras, alongside auxiliary and cavalry detachments.]]> 2021-09-09 14:32:04 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728253684 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728258709 2021-09-09 14:33:31 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728258709 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728281044 In the Punic Wars, also called Carthaginian Wars, (264–146 BCE), a series of three wars between the Roman Republic and the Carthaginian (Punic) empire, resulting in the destruction of Carthage, the enslavement of its population, and Roman hegemony over the western Mediterranean.

]]> 2021-09-09 14:39:57 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728281044 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728291781 The three Punic Wars between Carthage and Rome took place over nearly a century, beginning in 264 B.C. and ending in Roman victory with the destruction of Carthage in 146 B.C. By the time the First Punic War broke out, Rome had become the dominant power throughout the Italian peninsula, while Carthage–a powerful city-state in northern Africa–had established itself as the leading maritime power in the world. ]]> 2021-09-09 14:43:08 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728291781 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728307238 2021-09-09 14:47:48 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728307238 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728315549 A Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating Pompey in a civil war and governing the Roman Republic as a dictator from 49 BC until his assassination in 44 BC.]]> 2021-09-09 14:50:22 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728315549 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728323282 Caesar transformed Rome from a republic to an empire, grabbing power through ambitious political reforms. Julius Caesar was famous not only for his military and political successes, but also for his steamy relationship with Cleopatra.]]> 2021-09-09 14:52:38 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728323282 elkennowilliams https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728331571 Julius Caesar began his rise to power in 60 B.C.E. by forging an alliance with another general, Pompey, and a wealthy patrician, Crassus. Together, these three men assumed control of the Roman Republic, and Caesar was thrust into the position of consul.]]> 2021-09-09 14:55:00 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728331571 shamanifarrington https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728334892 The assassination of Julius Caesar, which occurred on this day in 44 B.C., known as the Ides of March, came about as a result of a conspiracy by as many 60 Roman senators. Led by Gaius Cassius Longinus and Marcus Junius Brutus, they fatally stabbed Caesar in Rome, near the Theatre of Pompey.]]> 2021-09-09 14:55:58 UTC https://padlet.com/elkennowilliams/wn4lx2s9qqrk2l86/wish/1728334892