PH 431: Asthma by Issa Beatriz Palomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks Made with whimsy en-us 2021-12-01 09:09:16 UTC 2026-03-22 09:42:29 UTC hello@padlet.com Toxic Stress Environment Trigger Asthma issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335680367 The Bayview housing population is home to the low-income community. Chronic stress from living in poor and unhealthy conditions can overload a child's stress response systems, resulting in "toxic stress." Toxic stress alters the development of the brain of a child, increasing the risk of poor physical, behavioral, and cognitive health. Children's physical health can suffer as a result of being exposed to a stressful environment. Asthma is well known to be triggered by stress and anxiety. 

APA - Francis, L., DePriest, K., Wilson, M., & Gross, D. (2018, September). Child poverty, toxic stress, and Social Determinants of Health: Screening and Care Coordination. Online journal of issues in nursing. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6699621/ 

APA - WebMD. (n.d.). Asthma, anxiety, and stress: How to cope. WebMD. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://www.webmd.com/asthma/asthma-help-living-with-asthma  

]]> 2022-10-11 17:07:21 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335680367 Stress and Anxiety issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335681203 Bayview-Hunters Point is home to low-income communities. Low-income communities are more likely to experience stress and anxiety, which can lead to the development of tobacco and alcohol addictions. Tobacco and alcohol use is especially prevalent among the unemployed, as well as people that live alone. Female loneliness, which is frequently accompanied by depression, raises the risk of cigarette smoking. Smoke irritates the air passages, causing them to swell, constrict, and fill with mucus, just like an asthma attack. As a result, smoking can make asthma flare-ups more frequent. Individuals who do not smoke may still be affected by smoking if they are around people who do frequently. Asthma is also known to be triggered by secondhand smoking.

APA - Knut-Olaf, H. (n.d.). Smoking and poverty. European journal of cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation : official journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16926658/  ]]> 2022-10-11 17:07:53 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335681203 Power plants and Freeways issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335682284 Bayview is the location of numerous concrete plants, an animal rendering plant, data centers powered by large diesel generators, a wastewater treatment plant, and dozens of abandoned toxic waste sites. One of them is the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard. It is a superfund hazardous waste site, as designated by the federal government. As a result of pollution from polluting facilities, 86 percent of Bayview's children developed severe asthma before entering kindergarten. To make matters worse, the area is surrounded by the San Francisco port and two major freeways, both of which are heavily used by diesel trucks. The findings of this study provide significant proof that living near a freeway is linked to uncontrolled asthma. Patients in all baseline asthma severity groups who lived within 2 miles of a freeway were much more inclined to have uncontrolled asthma.

APA - Francis, L., DePriest, K., Wilson, M., & Gross, D. (2018, September). Child poverty, toxic stress, and Social Determinants of Health: Screening and Care Coordination. Online journal of issues in nursing. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6699621/

APA - WebMD. (n.d.). Asthma, anxiety, and stress: How to cope. WebMD. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://www.webmd.com/asthma/asthma-help-living-with-asthma  ]]> 2022-10-11 17:08:32 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335682284 PG&E Power Plant and Toxic Pollutants Trigger Asthma tnhithitran https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335695984
  • Residing in Bayview-Hunter’s Point, PG&E installed a power plant back in 1929 which finally closed in 2006 after 77 years. This power plant created a toxic environment that polluted the air with various toxins and chemicals. “321 tons of nitrous oxides; 164 tons of carbon monoxide; 52 tons of particulate matter; 13 tons of ammonia; 13 tons of volatile organic compounds; and 12 tons of sulfur dioxide”
  • From surrounding potential sources of air pollution, gases (ex. carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, particulate matter from industrial sites, etc.) and toxic molds (ex. Penicillium, Cladosporium, Stachybotrys, etc.) have been linked to problems related to indoor air quality and result in the trigger of asthma, lung issues, and other health concerns.

    • Pollution, health, environmental racism and injustice: A toxic ... (n.d.). Retrieved September 30, 2022, from https://greenaction.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/thestateoftheenvironment090204final.pdf 
    ]]>     2022-10-11 17:16:51 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335695984     Environmental Hazards kklopez96 https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335704468 Some causes that have been linked to respiratory issues like asthma or worsening the condition are pests, pesticides, and traffic pollution. Roadway pollution has had the greatest impact on people’s health resulting in death.

    Which is a problem in public housing. The same issue exists in Bayview-Hunters Point public housing. Studies have shown that “more than half of public housing residents surveyed by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in 2004 reported problems with rodents and insects indoors.”  It was also surveyed that “almost 10% said rodents and insects indoors were always a problem. ”Showing a strong correlation of pests in public housing that contribute to asthma.

    Asthma Task Force - In Housing . SFGOV. (n.d.). Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://sfgov.org/sfc/asthma/housing?page=718 

    https://nchh.org/resource-library/Case_Study_Conditions_10-14-07.pdf]]>     2022-10-11 17:21:48 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335704468     Asthma-Inducing Environment tnhithitran https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335709195
  • over 4 million children living in decaying housing which is home to harmful bacteria, chemicals, and living creatures
  • Housing that is susceptible to decay, mold, and harmful biological substances can contribute to asthma and asthma-inducing causes

    • Bashir, S. A. (2002, May). Home is where the harm is: Inadequate housing as a public health crisis. American journal of public health. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3222229/ 

    ]]>     2022-10-11 17:24:44 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335709195     Prevalence in Asthma tnhithitran https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335710874 Bayview hunters point has both high prevalence of asthma relative to the country and relatively higher hospitalization rates for asthma relative to other neighborhoods in san francisco 

    Data found that 10% of the total population suffered from asthma 15.5% were children and youth 

    Data shows the link between gas stoves and asthma triggers. Individuals do not consider the items in their houses that are necessary for daily living, not realizing that they might also be hazardous to their health.

    Health Programs in Bayview Hunter’s Point and Recommendations ... - SFDPH. https://www.sfdph.org/dph/files/reports/StudiesData/HlthProgsBVHPyRecommends07052006B.pdf. 
    http://www.asthmahandbook.org.au/clinical-issues/triggers/avoidable-triggers 

    ]]>     2022-10-11 17:25:46 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335710874     39% of Children in the Emergency Room tnhithitran https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335719551 San Francisco housing has changed over the course of years to provide adequate protection from external forces, but even with all of the renovations, some houses are left to crumble. Some of the public housing in SF that children live in were used during World War II.
    • Old housing has caused about 39% of children to visit hospital emergency rooms compared to children that live in renovated or newer housing

    People living in public housing have a higher risk of asthma there are many factors that could contribute to asthma such as environment Residents in the Bayview Hunters Point public housing have been living near a PG&E power plant that was active for years polluting the air these residents were breathing but also polluting the water that surrounded this area. They also lived in poor Units that were built decades ago. These units were infested with mold and other things that can trigger asthma. These residents also suffer other health disparities such as lack of access to primary health care due to health insurance which also explains the high percentage for ER visits in this area.

    Staff, E. (2014, December 8). Children in dilapidated public housing in SF visit er more often, study shows. San Francisco Examiner. Retrieved September 30, 2022, from https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/children-in-dilapidated-public-housing-in-sf-visit-er-more-often-study-shows/article_2b274ee5-2104-5736-875c-d608da5f0e93.html 

    Lungsrus.org, https://lungsrus.org/san-francisco-county-summary/. 
    ]]>     2022-10-11 17:31:10 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335719551     Uncontrolled Asthma kklopez96 https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335720885 During the years of 2006-2010, data has shown that 44.5% of children in California who are already diagnosed with asthma have uncontrolled asthma.

    Uncontrolled asthma is characterized as having frequent symptoms that interfere with everyday life despite taking medicine on a regular basis. Shortness of breath is one of the symptoms, as well as tightness in the chest, wheezing,  coughing, and night waking due to asthma.

    Uncontrolled asthma with frequent and severe periods of symptoms can be costly to families since it increases the likelihood of job and school absenteeism, emergency room visit, and hospitalization.

    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014, September 15). AsthmaStats - uncontrolled asthma among persons with current asthma. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/uncontrolled_asthma.htm  

    “AsthmaStats: Uncontrolled Asthma among Children, 2012–2014.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3 July 2019, https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/asthma_stats/uncontrolled-asthma-children.htm.

    Thomas C. Corbridge, MD. “Addressing Uncontrolled Asthma: Understanding the Right Treatments for the Right Patients.” AJMC, AJMC, 30 June 2021, https://www.ajmc.com/view/contributor-to-address-uncontrolled-asthma-understand-the-right-treatments-for-the-right-patients. 

    ]]>     2022-10-11 17:32:00 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335720885     Asthma Conditions in Children Living in the Bayview-Hunters Point tnhithitran https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335726166 Asthma is a big issue in the Bayview-Hunters point public housing and many residents are not educated on triggers like environment or living conditions and the effects it can have on asthma many families with children don't take it seriously until their child's airways are closed or inflamed which is an issue because hospital visit to the ER is high in the Bayview area. Several studies have shown that air pollution has a major impact on asthmatic patients.

    Rigby, Theo. “Struggling for Breath / Asthma Hits Children Hard in Bayview-Hunters Point Area of S.F.” SFGATE, San Francisco Chronicle, 27 Jan. 2012, https://www.sfgate.com/health/article/Struggling-for-breath-Asthma-hits-children-hard-2746153.php.]]>     2022-10-11 17:35:15 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335726166     Vulnerable Children kklopez96 https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335729536 Residents living in Bayview-Hunters Point have always been prone to severe asthma as shown in a survey dating back to 2006 showing that before entering kindergarten, 86% of the children living in Bayview developed asthma.

    Weisbrod, K. (2021, November 29). In San Francisco's Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhood, advocates have taken air monitoring into their own hands. Inside Climate News. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://insideclimatenews.org/news/27112021/air-pollution-bayview-hunters-point-san-francisco/  





    ]]>     2022-10-11 17:37:09 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335729536     What is Asthma? tnhithitran https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335731987 Asthma is a respiratory condition that causes swelling and mucus buildup in your airways. Symptoms include, but are not limited to coughing, wheezing, and tightness of the chest.

    Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. (2022, March 5). Asthma. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved September 30, 2022, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma/symptoms-causes/syc-20369653 ]]>     2022-10-11 17:38:35 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2335731987     Overall comments jswolin https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2340946087 You have done a great job addressing alot of my comments on your draft. I have made some new comments about ways you can continue to improve your problem description. It is important that you add some pieces of information. You need to give the reader a sense of the population on which you are focused. Are you focused on kids in Bayview? Just kids who live in public housing in Bayview? It is not clear to me. You need some demographics -- age, ethnicity/race, size of the population. Also, you present a lot of important causes and you need to make sure they are all shown to be of important to the population on which you are focused. Finally, if you are going to do a program about uncontrolled asthma you need to present more data about it -- you are mostly telling the reader about things that exacerbate or cause asthma -- which is really important. And you need to give us the emergency room visit info, the info about why is asthma not well controlled for the population on which you are focused. For the impact of the problem -- can you provide more information about how having uncontrolled asthma effects the population. For instance -- do they miss alot of school? You are doing great work and I am looking forward to seeing your outcomes!]]> 2022-10-14 20:14:29 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2340946087 Short Term Outcomes issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2345725824
  • Increase in the # of parents in Bayview-Hunters Point who know the adverse effects of secondhand smoking and how it triggers asthma (Knowledge)
  • Increase in the # of children in Bayview-Hunters Point who know how to manage asthma (Knowledge)
  • Increase the # of parents in Bayview-Hunters Point who know important management information about their child’s diagnosis. (Knowledge)
    • ]]>     2022-10-18 18:47:21 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2345725824     Medium Term Outcomes issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2345726150
  • When there is a decrease in the # of parents in Bayview-Hunters point who engage in smoking (Behavior)
  • Increase in the # of children in Bayview-Hunters Point who take their asthma medication such as oral corticosteroids, inhalers, spacers, allergy medications, and Albuterol (Behavior)
  • Increase in the # of children in Bayview-Hunters Point who go to check-ups regularly in order to get preventive and maintenance care. (Behavior)
    • ]]>     2022-10-18 18:47:35 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2345726150     Long Term Outcomes issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2345728571 1. Decrease in the number of children (11-13 years old) of all races living in Bayview-Hunters Point public housing who visit the emergency room due to uncontrolled asthma. (Behavior)]]> 2022-10-18 18:49:13 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2345728571 Program Name issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378044650 Breathing for Tomorrow]]> 2022-11-10 05:21:20 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378044650 Program Participants issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378045904 The program’s participants are parents and children in Bayview-Hunters Point. Since children are the most susceptible to asthma, parents are encouraged to bring their children (ages 11-13). ]]> 2022-11-10 05:22:36 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378045904 Program Activities Phase 1: Program Development (mos. 1-3) issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378046534
  • outreach to the community for 10 asthma peer leaders to educate.
  • hire 3 doctors and 4 nurses to perform check-ups
  • find central space to hold this program in high community gathering spaces 
  • develop curriculum to train peer leaders on what is asthma/how it affects individuals/managing asthma 
  • create curriculum to train peer leaders and health professionals on how to run workshops and what to teach
  • Assess the community in terms of what their needs are in order to pinpoint what should be taught/given (pre-program assessment)
  • buy materials needed

    • ]]>     2022-11-10 05:23:13 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378046534     Program Activities Phase 2: Program Implementation (mos. 4 - 21) issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378047022 Train Community Peer Leaders 

    • Peer leaders will attend a training 2 days a week for 4 hours for four weeks that targets how to manage asthma (breathing exercises) and asthma triggers
    • Training on how to host workshops 

    Train Health Professionals

    • review pre-health assessment to understand what the participants need
    • asthma-related training

    Community Peer Leaders Conduct Asthma-Management Workshop

    • Community peer leaders pass out flyers door-to-door in low-income public housing units to tenants to promote asthma-management workshop and pop-up clinic
      • Promote to parents and encourage to bring child or children 
      • Create monthly flyers about the pop up clinics and services provided to update the community
      • Create a mass text message 
      • Attend community events to do outreach 
    • Conduct a workshop monthly that targets one specific topic about asthma (three-hour asthma management workshops with different cohorts of 20 people [10 parents and 10 children] with a free-check-up that follows the workshop)
    • Understand what asthma is 
    • Asthma triggers 
    • Prevention/Coping 
    • Strategies
    • Environmental impacts 
    • Breathing exercises

    Create Asthma Take-Home Kits

    • Consist of preventive care information, suggestions/referrals of other clinics and affordable care for asthma, peak flow meter, spacer, pamphlet that teaches individuals how to use it
    • One kit will be distributed every house, for a total of 160-200 kits for this program.

    Follow Up Check ups

    • trained health professionals conduct follow-up check-ups for program participants after workshop

    Low-income families who are diagnosed with asthma are eligible for check-ups. These check-ups will last an hour each. The check-ups will be hosted in the pop-up clinics that will happen at the end of each month. Throughout the 16-month period, there will be a total of 16 pop-up clinics. We won't be able to estimate the overall number of participants until the end of the 16-month period since the pop-up clinic is available to the public.
    ]]>     2022-11-10 05:23:44 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378047022     Phase 3: Program ClosingHow will your program end? issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378048918
  • Conduct survey evaluation to see whether the program was helpful.
  • Data report for a comparison of emergency visits in the beginning of the program compared at the end   
  • Community block party at our last pop-up clinic where we provide extra supplies and last check-ups for community members 

    • ]]>     2022-11-10 05:25:40 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378048918     Program Outputs issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378049952
  • 2 curriculums to train peer leaders and health professionals
  • 10 peer leaders
  • 6 health professionals
  • 16 pop-clinics 
  • 16 health workshops
  • Each house will receive one asthma kit, for a total of 160-200 kits throughout the program.
  • 320 participants (160 adults and 160 children) will learn how to manage their asthma

    • ]]>     2022-11-10 05:26:42 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378049952     Program Timeline issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378052176 2022-11-10 05:29:03 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2378052176 Breathing for Tomorrow Budget issabeatrizpalomata https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2387831695 2022-11-17 07:10:16 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2387831695 Breathing for Tomorrow Staffing tnhithitran https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2387833428 - BfT Project Director
    - BfT Project Coordinator
    - 10 Peer Educators
    - 3 Doctors
    - 4 Nurses]]>     2022-11-17 07:12:11 UTC https://padlet.com/issabeatrizpalomata/Bookmarks/wish/2387833428