𝙸𝚝 𝚒𝚜 𝚊 𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚢 𝚙𝚘𝚙𝚞𝚕𝚊𝚛 𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚋 𝚒𝚗 𝙴𝚗𝚐𝚕𝚒𝚜𝚑 𝚝𝚑𝚊𝚝 𝚒𝚜 𝚘𝚏𝚝𝚎𝚗 𝚞𝚜𝚎𝚍 𝚝𝚘 𝚝𝚊𝚕𝚔 𝚊𝚋𝚘𝚞𝚝 𝚊𝚋𝚒𝚕𝚒𝚝𝚢 𝚘𝚛 𝚙𝚎𝚛𝚖𝚒𝚜𝚜𝚒𝚘𝚗. 𝙲𝚊𝚗 𝚒𝚜 𝚞𝚜𝚞𝚊𝚕𝚕𝚢 𝚞𝚜𝚎𝚍 𝚊𝚜 𝚊 𝚖𝚘𝚍𝚊𝚕 𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚋, 𝚠𝚑𝚒𝚌𝚑 𝚖𝚎𝚊𝚗𝚜 𝚝𝚑𝚊𝚝 𝚒𝚝 𝚒𝚜 𝚊𝚕𝚠𝚊𝚢𝚜 𝚞𝚜𝚎𝚍 𝚝𝚘𝚐𝚎𝚝𝚑𝚎𝚛 𝚠𝚒𝚝𝚑 𝚊 𝚖𝚊𝚒𝚗 𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚋. 𝙷𝚘𝚠𝚎𝚟𝚎𝚛, 𝚒𝚝 𝚌𝚊𝚗 𝚊𝚕𝚜𝚘 𝚏𝚞𝚗𝚌𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 𝚊𝚜 𝚊 𝚖𝚊𝚒𝚗 𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚋 𝚠𝚑𝚎𝚗 𝚒𝚝 𝚖𝚎𝚊𝚗𝚜 𝚌𝚊𝚗𝚗𝚒𝚗𝚐.

• 𝐼𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑠𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑟𝑦.
• 𝐼𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑘 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑠𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎 𝑔𝑜𝑜𝑑 𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎.
• 𝐼𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑘 𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑠𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒.

𝐼𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑎𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑚 𝑖𝑓 𝑤𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑘 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑠𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑠 𝑖𝑡 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑏𝑒 𝑜𝑟 𝑛𝑜𝑡.

1. give advice or make recommendations
2. talk about obligation
3. talk about probability and expectation
4. express the conditional mood
5. replace a subjunctive structure

• You should see the new James Bond movie. It's great!
• You should try to lose weight.
• John should get a haircut.
• He shouldn't smoke. And he should stop drinking too.
• What should I wear?

• ^{You should have given your boss the report.}
• ^{I should have studied more, but I was too tired.}