https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6 By Alex, Cara, and Mike en-us 2016-02-21 19:28:21 UTC 2023-02-18 06:37:55 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.storage.googleapis.com/portrait/monkey.jpg carazortman7 https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193201

Approximate date category originated

• 550 million years ago

Defining characteristics 

• Longitudinal, flexible rod located between the digestive tube and the nerve chord 
• Composed of large, fluid-filled cells encased in fairly stiff, fibrous tissue
• Provides skeletal support

The earliest organism with this feature

• Cephalochordata (Lancelets)

]]> 2016-04-11 21:55:30 UTC https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193201 carazortman7 https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193240 Openings in the pharynx that develop into gill arches in bony fish and into the jaw and inner ear in terrestrial animals

• Approximate date category originated
  • 500 million years ago
• Defining characteristics 
  • in most, present only during embryonic development and then become inner ear and jaw bones
  • some invertebrate chordates use the pharyngeal slits to filter food out of the water that enters the mouth
• The earliest organism with this feature
  • fish embryo 

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Approximate date category originated

• 545 million years ago

Defining characteristics 

• Tail that extends posterior to the anus
• Contains skeletal elements and muscles
• Helps propel aquatic species 

The earliest organism with this feature

• Lancelets

]]> 2016-04-11 21:56:08 UTC https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193269 carazortman7 https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193291 Animals with skulls
Cephalization/craniates

• Approximate date category originated
  • 480 million years ago 
• Defining characteristics 
  • obviously having a skull 
  • neural crest (embryonic tissue)
  • all develop a notochord 
  • all possess an endoskeleton
  • circulatory system of arteries, veins, capillaries, and a chambered heart
• The earliest organism with this feature
  • jawless fish 

]]> 2016-04-11 21:56:21 UTC https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193291 carazortman7 https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193322 Hollow bundle of nerve fibers that transverse dorsally the longitudinal axis of chordates and runs above the notochord and gut

• Approximate date category originated
  • 500 million years ago
• Defining characteristics
  • embryonic feature unique to chordates
  • develops into the central nervous system: the brain and the spine
  • derives from ectoderm that rolls into a hollow tube during development 
• The earliest organism with this feature
  • lancelet branchiostoma

]]> 2016-04-11 21:56:39 UTC https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193322 carazortman7 https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193356

Approximate date category originated

• 450 million years

Defining characteristics 

• Jaws with teeth
• Fore brain enlarged
•  Lateral line system- organs that form a row along each side of the body

The earliest organism with this feature

• Placoderms 

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Approximate date category originated

• about 420 million years ago

Defining characteristics

• female spawns a lot of eggs and then the male inseminates the eggs
• fins are webs of skin supported by bones
• radials which link external bones to the internal skeleton

The earliest organism with this feature

•  Sarcopterygii

http://www.seawater.no/fauna/chordata/Actinopterygii.html

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Approximate date category originated

• 375 million years ago

Defining characteristics 

• “Four feet”
• Head separated from the body by a neck 
• Pelvic girdle fused to backbone
• Except for fully aquatic species, they don’t have gills
• Pharyngeal clefts instead give rise to ears, certain glands, and other structures
• Full set of ribs

The earliest organism with this feature

• Tiktaalik

]]> 2016-04-11 21:57:22 UTC https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193404 carazortman7 https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193431

Approximate date category originated

• 370 million years ago

Defining characteristics

• ectothermic
• tetrapods
• start out as larvae living in water
• gills as a larvae morph into adult air-breathing organism with lungs
• permeable skins

The earliest organism with this feature

• Ichthyostega

http://www.amphibianark.org/education/what-are-amphibians/

]]> 2016-04-11 21:57:38 UTC https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193431 carazortman7 https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193446

Approximate date category originated

• 320 million years ago

Defining characteristics

• tetrapods
• lay eggs on land 
• retain fertilized egg inside the mother
• en egg with an amnios (sac inside of the egg that has nutrients)

The earliest organism with this feature

• Basal amniotes

http://www.biologyreference.com/A-Ar/Amniote-Egg.html

]]> 2016-04-11 21:57:51 UTC https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193446 carazortman7 https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193497

• Approximate date category originated
  • 210 million years ago 
• Defining characteristics 
  • lateral temporal fenestra (a hole in the lateral surface of the skull behind the orbit)
  • modern synapsids are all warm blooded
  • glandular skin
  • differentiated teeth 
  • two occipital condyles (bony knobs forming a joint between the head and the neck)
• The earliest organism with this feature
  • ophiacodontid

]]> 2016-04-11 21:58:29 UTC https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193497 carazortman7 https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193597

Approximate date category originated

• About 65 million years ago

Defining characteristics 

• Monotremes
  • Lay eggs
  • Milk secreted from belly 
• Marsupials
  • Higher metabolic rates
  • Nipples that provide milk
  • Give birth to live young
  • Pouch called marsupium

The earliest organism with this feature

• Steropodon galmani
• Kangaroo

]]> 2016-04-11 21:59:20 UTC https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193597 carazortman7 https://padlet.com/carazortman7/wh47pp43rox6/wish/105193632

Approximate date category originated

• about 160 million years ago

Defining characteristics

• feet
• ankles
• jaws
• teeth
• placenta

The earliest organism with this feature

• Juramaia sinensis

http://www.bio.sdsu.edu/faculty/archibald/Archibald01Eutheria.pdf

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