https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2 en-us 2023-01-24 15:35:25 UTC 2025-12-09 16:02:29 UTC hello@padlet.com matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2454864697 The first photo of DNA captured on film. This photo was taken by Rosaland Franklin]]> 2023-01-24 15:39:48 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2454864697 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2454870052 https://www.purposegames.com/game/051c4a2de6]]> 2023-01-24 15:42:17 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2454870052 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2454873195 Great DNA Structure Youtube video]]> 2023-01-24 15:44:14 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2454873195 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2454882448 There are 4 different types of Nitrogen Bases. 
1. Adenine
2. Guamine
3. Thymine
4. Cytosine

Adenine and Guamine are both purine bases, meaning they are much bigger then Thymine and Cytosine. Thymine and Cytosine are both pyrimidine bases and are much smaller. ]]> 2023-01-24 15:49:34 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2454882448 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455446902 Adenine and Thymine go together(2 Hydrogen Bonds)
Guamine and Cytosine go together(3 Hydrogen Bonds)]]> 2023-01-24 23:10:24 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455446902 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455448820 DNA is made up of Nucleotides. Nucleotides are made up of 3 parts: 
5 Carbon Sugar molecule(Deoxyribose)
A phosphate group
1 of 4 Nitrogen Bases

]]> 2023-01-24 23:14:05 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455448820 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455450039 The structure of DNA is a double helix. Watson and Crick were the first to name the odd shape of DNA. ]]> 2023-01-24 23:16:19 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455450039 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455451128 In DNA the amount of a Nitrogen Base is the same across its pair. 
Example:
A = 20%
T = 20%
G = 30%
C = 30%]]> 2023-01-24 23:18:10 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455451128 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455452405 Hydrogen Bonds bond the 2 Nitrogen Bases together. ]]> 2023-01-24 23:20:41 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455452405 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455454098 Covalant Bonds hold the Sugar, Phosphate Group, and Nitrogen Base together in the Nucleotide. ]]> 2023-01-24 23:23:32 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455454098 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455458283 DNA making an exact copy of itself. ]]> 2023-01-24 23:29:19 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455458283 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455459378 1. Anytime there is a new cell (cell division).
2. Body needs to grow.
3. Broken Bone. 
4. Getting cut.
5. Replace old cells.
6. Fix Blisters/Bruises.]]> 2023-01-24 23:31:44 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455459378 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455460438 Unwinds and unzips the DNA making two single strands. ]]> 2023-01-24 23:33:54 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455460438 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455461024 2023-01-24 23:35:13 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455461024 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455461801 https://www.purposegames.com/game/25b81472f3]]> 2023-01-24 23:36:54 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455461801 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455462681 Makes an RNA Primer to lead the way for DNA Polymerase.]]> 2023-01-24 23:38:50 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455462681 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455464485 Lays down new Nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction. ]]> 2023-01-24 23:42:23 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455464485 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455464990 Ligase finishes off the job and glues the new nucletides to old nucletides. ]]> 2023-01-24 23:43:27 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455464990 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455466738 Since DNA can only form in the 5' to 3' direction it causes a lagging strand. The Lagging Strand cuases Okazaki Fragments that later the Ligase has to clean up at the end of replication. ]]> 2023-01-24 23:46:28 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455466738 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455468018 Semi Conservative is the product of DNA Replicationm it means that the DNA has one new strand and one old strand. ]]> 2023-01-24 23:48:49 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455468018 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455599963 A perminate in DNA caused by mutagens(Viruses, Fever, Chemicals, & Radiation), ]]> 2023-01-25 03:06:52 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455599963 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455600746 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vl6Vlf2thvI&t=1shttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vl6Vlf2thvI&t=1s]]> 2023-01-25 03:08:04 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455600746 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455602366 1. No effect. Not all mutations end up making a difference. 
2. Beneficial.
3. Genetic Disorder. Example: Down Syndrome & Turners Syndrome.
4. Cancer.]]> 2023-01-25 03:10:52 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2455602366 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456285273 -In nucleus
-Rewrite the DNA code
-Makes the mRNA(message RNA)]]> 2023-01-25 15:12:52 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456285273 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456291744 https://www.purposegames.com/game/protein-synthesis-processes-quiz]]> 2023-01-25 15:16:43 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456291744 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456295706 Helicase unwinds and unzips a small segment of DNA while SSB protiens hold open the DNA. ]]> 2023-01-25 15:19:12 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456295706 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456306773 RNA Polymerase-makes sure that the RNA nucleotides pair correctly.(Only happens on one side, 5' to 3')]]> 2023-01-25 15:22:11 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456306773 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456315941 mRNA detaches and heads towards the nuclear pores and leaves the nucleus into the cytoplasm, so it can attach to a ribosome. ]]> 2023-01-25 15:25:18 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456315941 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456320854 mRNA slides through the ribosome, while the ribosome is looking for the start codon(AUG). ]]> 2023-01-25 15:28:19 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456320854 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456332375 Once the Ribosome reads the start codon the tRNA(Transfer RNA) brings the correct amino acid to the Ribsome for the codon. This process keeps going until the Ribosome reads a stop codon. While this process happens the amino acids makes a peptide bond which turns into a protien with more bonds. Final Product: Protien]]> 2023-01-25 15:35:23 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456332375 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456341843 After the nucleotides are transcripted, the Thymine turns into Uracil before the mRNA leaves the nucleus. A codon codes for a Amino Acid. There are 64 different codons that code for 20 different Amino Acids. ]]> 2023-01-25 15:40:57 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456341843 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456342972 2023-01-25 15:41:39 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456342972 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456348590 A Anticodon is a 3 nucleotide sequence located at the bottom of the tRNA that combines with a codon on the Ribosome to make a Amino Acid. ]]> 2023-01-25 15:45:14 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456348590 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456349554 *3 DNA *]]> 2023-01-25 15:45:50 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456349554 matthewcostello26 https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456352289 2023-01-25 15:47:16 UTC https://padlet.com/matthewcostello26/wd4knbvw7uy0hlu2/wish/2456352289