https://padlet.com/amme20261/wclpdwfhu24ph0c1 en-us 2023-10-03 22:36:34 UTC 2023-10-06 02:53:22 UTC hello@padlet.com amme20261 https://padlet.com/amme20261/wclpdwfhu24ph0c1/wish/2731002857 The widespread consumption of cultures that have been spread via the Internet, popular culture media, and worldwide travel characterizes this movement. Cultural globalization is the process through which, as a result of the spread of concepts and products, the experience of daily life reflects the extension and strengthening of social ties in addition to cultural expressions around the world. Social customs and technological advancements that have their roots in or are connected to the multiethnic, multilingual nation of India are considered part of the heritage of Indian culture. The word “Multiethnic” also refers to nations and cultures outside of India whose histories have been significantly influenced by, or linked to, India by immigration, colonization, or other means, particularly in South and Southeast Asia. Languages, religions, dance, music, architecture, cuisine, and customs vary from region to region within India. As a result of India's mass population synthesized with vast amounts of cultural elements, the cultural norms of India are being globalized mainly in the aspects of food and religion. 

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Politically, culturally, and economically, religion has always had an impact on Indian culture. Given that Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism all originated in India, the nation's rich religious heritage is a source of pride for its community. Additionally, despite the fact that the vast majority of people in India identify as Hindus, the multitude of religions practiced there continue to have an influence on modern culture(Cultural Atlas).Due to widespread migration amongst Indian citizens, two of the more ubiquitous religion’s originating from India, Hinduism and Buddhism, are becoming more prevalent, leading to cultural diffusion of a global extent.  Hinduism's social and religious customs migrated to Nepal, where they integrated into the native cultures (KhanAcademy). Where this cultural homogenization is most distinct is in the country's architecture, given that all established structures have developed over centuries of craftsmanship under the influence of Hindu and Buddhist religious practices (UNESCO). An example of this is the Krishna Mandir of the Lalitpur province, one of Nepal's most sought after sites. This structure's blueprint has exhibited aspects of Hinduism, through fragments of the book of Mahabharata in a recreational form, or the ten primary avatars of Vishnu, Dashavatara, being displayed on the outer walls of the temple(HinduAes). Moreover, The religion of Buddhism originating in India, played a significant role in Sri Lanka's political and cultural unification under a single political authority. During the reign of the Mauryan monarch Ashoka (c. 273-232 BCE), an expedition dispatched from eastern India is said to have brought Buddhism to Sri Lanka for the first time. Ashoka's son, Mahendra (Mahinda), is the mission's commander in Sri Lanka (Britannica). Although officially Sri Lankans do not worship Buddah the core values such as love, kindness, taking a positive angle on life, etc are incorporated into their own beliefs (KhanAcademy). Due to this, a sense of cultural hybridization is created with the merging or adaptation of their own religion and beliefs, with the practice of Buddhism which represents part of India (CountryStudies). Additionally, Indian immigrants from across India continue to immigrate to Canada today; the two largest Indian ethnic subgroups of Gujarati and Punjabi origin make up the first group, which consists mainly of immigrants who started arriving in British Columbia about a century ago(AHSNB). By accepting these immigrants the country is not only bringing in new people but also a new set of beliefs and religion. Because the two ethnic groups mentioned previously are primarily Hindu, an uprising of Hinduism is being spread across the country with temples being made, culture groups being formed, and even a park in Brampton dedicated to the religion in the process of construction(IndianNarative). Now Hinduism is the third most common religion in the country with over 800,000 citizens practicing it. ]]> 2023-10-03 22:44:00 UTC https://padlet.com/amme20261/wclpdwfhu24ph0c1/wish/2731006681 amme20261 https://padlet.com/amme20261/wclpdwfhu24ph0c1/wish/2731007578
Although there are parts of India's religions that have been adapted and shared with other countries, there are many religions that are followed in western and eastern areas that are more preserved and have not got out or been exposed as much outside of India. An example of this is Jainism. According to National Geographic, Jainism is the belief that the best way to achieve enlightenment is by means of nonviolence and minimizing harm to all living beings, including plants and animals. The Jain community strives to follow this through actions that they make in their daily lives, such as being strict vegetarians but also through some of their teachings. Jainism is being preserved in India due to the advantages that the community holds over others in addition to a less amount of exposure within and outside of India. Jains are mainly found in Maharashtra, which is in western India. Despite Jainism's historical roots in Eastern India, there aren't many Jains left there because of migration in early times(Devdutt). Although there are some provinces within Maharashtra which are more appealing for tourists/foreigners such as the city district of Mumbai, the majority Jains are found in the more suburban areas of Mumbai or even the Kolhapur district, where the population is made up . Because of this people coming to India for work or for tourism do not get to see much of the Jain culture and instead are exposed to the more popular beliefs. This allows for the Jain community to be indirectly preserved in India as although they are not truly making an effort to hide or “Protect” their religion, it is not being spread to others or around the world as commonly as Hinduism or Buddhism(PEW). In addition to the areas where you will find people who practice Jainism, the amount of people you will find is also lower. There are only 6 million Jains around the world, and out of this 4.5 million are based in India. Although that might seem like a lot even just looking at the population in India, only 0.7 percent are Jains(WorldAtlas). The reason for this could be because of the unique set of rules that they follow such as being strict vegetarians and living life with the thought of keeping all living things healthy and thriving. Because Indians tend to believe that change in belief or lifestyle is meaningless or a burden, by seeing that they will need to do so in order to practice Jainism, they sort of shun these ideas or ignore them to follow whatever they or their family has been doing.This makes it challenging for the Jain people to stand out as they are the “minority” of the country, and have the habit of letting other religions take over in certain areas in fear of losing their faith. Finally Jains are known for being more educated or privileged than some of the other cultural groups in India. According to India's 2011 census, 34% of Jain adults have at least a bachelor's degree, compared to 9% of the total population(PEW). This opens up more job opportunities for them in the country allowing them to reach higher levels or even leadership roles. Because of this most of the Jain population tend to stay in India as they have greater access to work and making a living, leaving them with more freedom within the country as opposed to if they were to move someplace else. As they are not really exposed to outside of India for prolonged periods of time, foreigners are not able to see them outside of India much, which means that they have less opportunities to learn about their religion(ArticleLibrary).  

In conclusion, although there is evidence to show that religions such as Jainism are not being globalized and instead are being kept in the country, this is just one individual example compared to the many Indian religions that are becoming more and more common or familiarized around the world. ]]> 2023-10-03 22:45:33 UTC https://padlet.com/amme20261/wclpdwfhu24ph0c1/wish/2731007578 amme20261 https://padlet.com/amme20261/wclpdwfhu24ph0c1/wish/2731008216
In India, food is a way of identifying one's caste, class, family, kinship, tribe, ancestry, religion, ethnicity, and—increasingly—one's membership in a secular organization. There are many things that go into making an Indian dish that are unique to specific areas and of which can be recognised to someone with a strong palette. These things include special spices, ingredients or even methods of cooking that are distinctive to certain places/regions of the country. With this being said because of the high pedestal that Indian food is held at, other countries or cultures try and replicate these foods or even adapt them to fit with their own cuisines. An example of this is Britain’s national dish Chicken Tikka Masala. Traditionally cooked in a tandoor, chicken tikka masala is a meal made of marinated boneless chicken pieces that are then served in a mildly spiced tomato-cream sauce. In Britain, the dish has acquired a significant cultural significance. It is commonly regarded as the nation's national cuisine, and in 2001, British Foreign Secretary Robin Cook praised chicken tikka masala as a representation of contemporary, multicultural Britain in a speech. He states that by taking an Indian originated dish Chicken Tikka and by adding a masala sauce to it to satisfy the taste of the British, who like to eat their meat with a sauce, they are fusing the two cultures as a form of cultural hybridization (Britannica). In addition to this, a growing number of American restaurant menus are incorporating the tastes and ingredients of Indian street food carts. The variety of Indian street cuisine varies greatly from area to region and even within regions between individual vendors. Fried dough with or without fillings, a potpourri of veggies, spices, and sauces, and a variety of tasty, seasoned meats may all be utilized in it.There has been a general increase in acceptance of ethnic food, and what was formerly considered unusual is now a common food. Through the Indian community, which makes up for around 2 percent of the US population, Indian food especially street food has been introduced to the general community and because of its unique style and taste, people are willing to expand their palettes or go out of their “bubble”. This is an example of cultural imperialism, as Indian culture is not so popular or expressed as much in the US and by introducing aspects of our culture such as food, they are promoting the country and people might be willing to go into further depth of our culture because of this(SpeciallyFood). Furthermore, India was directly administered by the British government beginning in 1858; this period is known as the British Raj and lasted until 1947, when India attained independence. During this time the British contributed to India's cuisine by integrating ingredients such as cinnamon, cloves, carrots, potatoes, and onions, into regular meals, and since then India has stuck with these additions and further enhanced its dishes. This is an example of how an outside culture came into India and introduced some of their cultural norms to then combine with Indias, through food. As people's tastes are being more modernized and open to different flavors, the country is trying to introduce elements that some might find familiar, and by using the british influence in their dishes not only is it an opportunity for the Indian community to expand their culture through food, but it is also a opportunity for the British to take pride in saying that they impacted Indian cuisine, or even maybe integrate this fact into their own culture(AC). 




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Although there are instances where Indian food has been adapted or fused with other countries' cuisines, a variety of different dishes are unknown to outside countries. This is because of the belief that if they tamper with or alter the cuisine to a certain degree it will not be their own, so in some cases there is a need to stick to their roots rather than trying to be more open to change. Along with the food itself, there are also customs that are present when eating the food. These customs have not been globalized and are instead being kept in India, as they are viewed as “unusual” or “confusing” to others. Due to the country trying to maintain or preserve their own food culture, many dishes have been unchanged, been retained within India, and customs have been kept within the country. Some Indians wash their hands extensively before eating, using only their fingers and less utensils. This custom has a long history and is based on the cultural idea that eating is a physical activity, and that touch should be enjoyed along with the taste and aroma of the food as well as how it is presented, such as on a thali or a sizable plate made from stitched and washed siali leaves in the north or washed and dried banana leaves in the south. In the past, combining flavors and gauging the temperature of food were also done with the fingers. This idea of eating with your hands when it is a bigger portion rather than bite sized foods, is the complete opposite of the western world, who tend to eat small snacks or finger foods with their hands and other food with proper utensils(StanfordPress). The contrasting ideas and the way that the cultures have been brought up cause other countries to find this unusual. Because of this, this cultural norm in India is preserved within the country and when visiting outside the country you will see people enjoying Indian cuisine with a full set of cutlery.  Additionally, Tilkut is a traditional dessert that is incredibly famous in the state of Bihar. It is created and consumed primarily during the Makar Sankranti holiday. This delicacy, also referred to as Til Kuta and Tilkatri, is produced from pulverized till, or what are more commonly known as sesame seeds, together with substantial amounts of gud, or jaggery. Sesame seeds are typically pounded by hand into disc-like shapes, however they can also take on round, oval, cylindrical, or even cuboid form(MP). Because this dessert is usually made during a certain time, there is a high possibility that you will not find it outside of India as other countries do not celebrate the Makar Sankranti holiday. Also, the ingredients required to create this delicacy cannot be changed, and some of them such as jaggery are quite troublesome to find in other countries as it is primarily grown and produced in India. Similarly,  A meal called Dahi Vada, often referred to as Kshiravata or Dahi Bhalla, is so old that it was recorded in Manasollasa, an encyclopedia published in the 12th century by Someshvara the third, a former monarch of the state of Karnataka. The meal is made by soaking the crispy Bhalla in curd, to which are then added red-colored sweet sauce and green-colored spicy sauce, giving it a tangy flavor(Krishijagran). This dish has not been changed throughout the years, as the people view it as a part of Indian history and by changing it you would be tampering with the culture. Because the dish is quite unique and there is not a certain way that other cultures can try and integrate their own culinary methods, this dish is either enjoyed as it is or not eaten at all. Although one can argue that the food in India is too unique and the food culture as a whole will never be globalized. There are multiple aspects of this culture that are being globalized as Indian food continues to become increasingly popular in foreign countries. ]]> 2023-10-03 22:50:15 UTC https://padlet.com/amme20261/wclpdwfhu24ph0c1/wish/2731010232 amme20261 https://padlet.com/amme20261/wclpdwfhu24ph0c1/wish/2731013245 In conclusion, by analyzing the two cultural factors of Indian religion and food, it is possible to determine that, cultural globalization is the process through which, as a result of the spread of ideas and goods, the experience of daily life reflects a globalization of cultural expressions. This states that you will find aspects of other countries within your own, but your experience of cultural globalization is not the same as the experience of someone in a different country. Taking the example of food, India’s experience of globalization could be the influence of British cuisine, but in America this could be the introduction of Indian Street food stalls. Although the two countries are both experiencing a change regarding Indian food, the change that they experience is not the same, just like how their cultures after this globalization is not the same. ]]> 2023-10-03 22:54:59 UTC https://padlet.com/amme20261/wclpdwfhu24ph0c1/wish/2731013245