BIO FINAL by CAIDEN JONES https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones Made with fortitude en-us 2016-12-05 16:24:27 UTC 2016-12-22 02:35:24 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Thunder.png calvin cycle caidenjones001 https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/141798515 2016-12-05 16:38:17 UTC https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/141798515 biomolecules caidenjones001 https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/143026609 Proteins-
A molecule composed of polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. It can be distinguished from fats and carbohydrates by containing nitrogen. Other components include carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur, and sometimes phosphorus.

Lipids-any of a group of organic compounds that are greasy to the touch,insoluble in water, and soluble in alcohol and ether

Carbohydrates -any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose.

Nucleic Acids- a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.

Elements (C, H, O, N, P, S)

Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell
Hydrogen has 1 electron in its outer shell
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfur


The structure of the major Biomolecules -


How do the products of photosynthesis become amino acids?



]]> 2016-12-11 23:58:27 UTC https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/143026609 photosynthisis caidenjones001 https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/143027050 Photosynthesis- 
 is the process where plants create the food to allow them to live. That process has inputs and outputs too. The inputs of photosynthesis are light energy, and matter in the form of water absorbed through the roots, and carbon dioxide absorbed through the leaves.

Photosynthesis chemical formula-
6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2

Chloroplast-http://www.nature.com/scitable/content/ne0000/ne0000/ne0000/ne0000/14705175/ChloroplastStructu_ksm_2_1.jpg

Light-Dependent Cycle-  
reactions that take place on the thylakoid membranes. The inside of the thylakoid membrane is called the lumen, and outside the thylakoid membrane is the stroma, where the light-independent reactions take place. ... Thelight-dependent reactions begin in photosystem II.

Calvin Cycle-  
Plants use energy from the sun in tiny energy factories called chloroplasts. Using chlorophyll in the process of photosynthesis, they convert the sun's energy into storable form in ordered sugar molecules such as glucose.

Conversion of light energy to chemical energy. Light energy is converted to chemical energy when a photochemically excited special chlorophyll molecule of the photosynthetic reaction center loses an electron, undergoing an oxidation reaction.]]> 2016-12-12 00:07:36 UTC https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/143027050 laws caidenjones001 https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/143027278 Law of Conservation of Matter-  
The law of conservation of mass or principle of mass conservation states that for any system closed to all transfers of matter and energy, the mass of the system must remain constant over time, as system mass cannot change quantity if it is not added or removed. Hence, the quantity of mass is "conserved" over time.

Law of Conservation of Energy- 
 In physics, the law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant—it is said to be conserved over time. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; rather, it transforms from one form to another.

Law of Conservation of Mass-Energy-  
It implies that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but can be change from one form to another. The law of conservation of mass states that the total amount of mass remains constant in an isolated system in spite of any physical or chemical changes that may take place.

 How is energy equal to matter?-  
The c stands for the speed of light, a universal constant, so the whole equation breaks down to this: Energy is equal to matter multiplied by the speed of light squared. The reason is that kinetic energy, or the energy of motion, is proportional to mass.]]> 2016-12-12 00:12:25 UTC https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/143027278 carbon cycle caidenjones001 https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/143027361 Cellular Respiration-
  Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.

Products of Photosynthesis = Reactants of Cellular Respiration - 
 Photosynthesis makes the glucose that is used in cellular respiration to make ATP. The glucose is then turned back into carbon dioxide, which is used inphotosynthesis. While water is broken down to form oxygen duringphotosynthesis, in cellular respiration oxygen is combined with hydrogen to form water.

CO2 emissions- 
 Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary greenhouse gas emitted through human activities.]]> 2016-12-12 00:14:28 UTC https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/143027361 food web pyramid caidenjones001 https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/143027439 the transfer of energy in a ecosystem- 
The low rate of energy transfer between trophic levels makes decomposers generally more important than producers in terms of energy flow.

Autotrophs- 
An autotroph or producer, is an organism that produces complex organic compounds from simple substances present in its surroundings, generally using energy from light or inorganic chemical reactions.

Heterotrophs- 
A heterotroph is an organism that cannot fix carbon from inorganic sources but uses organic carbon for growth

Herbivore, Omnivore, Carnivore-  https://i.ytimg.com/vi/pPQjI22vV2w/maxresdefault.jpg

Decomposers-  
an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic 

Amount of energy that is available at each level-  trophic level: energy flow and trophic levels. The amount of energy at each trophic level decreases as it moves through an ecosystem. As little as 10 percent of the energy at any trophiclevel is transferred to the next level; the rest is lost largely through metabolic processes as heat.

How much energy is transfered at each level?- 
The amount of energy at each trophic level decreases as it moves through an ecosystem. As little as 10 percent of theenergy at any trophic level is transferred to the next level; the rest is lost largely through metabolic processes as heat.


]]> 2016-12-12 00:16:25 UTC https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/143027439 essential questionz caidenjones001 https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/143027718 How are photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration related to one another in the biosphere?-   Both use electron carriers and a cycle of chemical reactions to form ATP.

What role does photosynthesis play in altering Earth's atmosphere?-  
Gravity holds in place the gases that form the Earth's atmosphere, and the survival of life on the planet hinges on the right balance of these gases. In photosynthesis, plants constantly absorb and release atmospheric gases in a way that creates sugar for food.

If cells can produce chemical energy in an anaerobic environment, why do we need oxygen?-  
Anaerobic process is inefficient. The process of glycolysis for ATP production would quickly run out of NAD+ to accept hte hydrogen electrons. Without this the cell cannot keep glycolysis going and ATP production would stop. To keep it going the NADH must deliver electrons to another pathway and then return to glycolysis to be used again. It causes muscle fatigue in heavy excercise as a result of lactic acid build up.

How is energy transformed and matter utilized by living things?-  
All living things require energy to do the work necessary for survival and reproduction. This is true for bacteria, plants, and animals. But what is energy? Energy is simply the ability to do work, where work is done when a force moves an object.

What role do photosynthesis and cellular respiration play in the recycling of carbon?-  
While photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, cellular respiration requires oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. It is the released oxygen that is used by us and most other organisms for cellular respiration.]]> 2016-12-12 00:22:38 UTC https://padlet.com/caidenjones001/cougrs_jones/wish/143027718