My fierce wall by Nadia Athirah https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423 Made with a wink and a smile en-us 2018-03-29 13:18:21 UTC 2023-05-15 19:18:11 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Lovecookie.png HIV life cycle nadyatira04 https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247239531 Here is a video about the life cycle of HIV virus that i found very interesting and informative. I really hope that this short video will help you to understand more about the HIV virus :)]]> 2018-03-29 13:24:35 UTC https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247239531 Stages of HIV nadyatira04 https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247249908 Stage 1 : Acute HIV infection 
- 2 to 4 weeks after infection with HIV
- Experiences flu-like illness which may last for a few weeks. 
- When have accute HIV AIDS Action,  they have a large amount of virus in their blood & are very contagious. 

Stage 2 : Clinical latency(HIV inactivity and dormancy) 
- asymptomatic HIV infection or chronic HIV infection
- HIV still active but reproduced at very low levels
- people may not have any symptoms or get sick

Stage 3 : Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) 
- most severe phase of HIV infection 
- without treatment, people with AIDS can only survive about 3 years 
]]> 2018-03-29 13:46:30 UTC https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247249908 What is HIV? nadyatira04 https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247257924 HIV is a virus spread through certain body fluids that attacks the body’s immune system, specifically the CD4 cells, often called T cells. Over time, HIV can destroy so many of these cells that the body can’t fight off infections and disease. ]]> 2018-03-29 14:03:07 UTC https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247257924 How HIV can be transmitted? hafizahaisyah97 https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247287300 Requires the transfer of, @ direct contact with, infected body fluids.

Routes of HIV transmission includes:
~intimate sexual contact
~breast milk
~transplacental infection of a fetus
~blood contaminated needles
~organ transplants
~blood transfusion
~artificial insemination

]]> 2018-03-29 15:12:59 UTC https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247287300 How to prevent and treat AIDS? hafizahaisyah97 https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247291643 1)Chemotherapy
Increasing number of drugs at least temporarily control reproduction of virus.
*Major obstacles to treating HIV, as with the developing a vaccine is = high mutation rate that quickly leads to resistant strains and the persistence of latent viral reservoirs.
2) Fusion/ Cell entry inhibitors
These drugs will blocks the fusion of HIV with the cell and prevent viral entry.
Eg; enfurvirtide target the gp41 region of viral envelope, which facilitates fusion.
3) Reverse Trancriptase Inhibitors
antiretroviral drugs
-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI)- terminate viral DNA by competitive inhibition, analogue as nucleoside.
-current treatment: Highly Active Anttiretroviral Therapy (HAART)]]> 2018-03-29 15:22:41 UTC https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247291643 Test for HIV infection izatianuar96 https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247429876 HIV tests are used to detect the presence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), in serum, saliva, or urine. Such tests may detect antibodies, antigens, or RNA.

1. Antibody test
2. Antigen tests
3. Antigen/Antibody Combination tests
4. Nucleic acid-based tests (NAT)
5. Screening

]]> 2018-03-30 04:16:50 UTC https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247429876 10 Early Signs and Symptoms of HIV Aids izatianuar96 https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247430480 HIV infection is one of the serious life-threatening health concerns worldwide. Consequently, many people lose their lives if they do not diagnose and treat it promptly. There are three stages of HIV;
1) Acute HIV Infection, 
2) Chronic HIV Infection, and 
3) AIDS. 
The different stages of HIV infection determine the risk of infecting other people and your life as well.

Here Are the 10 Early Warning Signs of HIV Infection:

1. Mouth Ulcers
2. Muscle and Joint Pain
3. A Sore Throat
4. Swollen Lymph Nodes
5. Night Sweats
6. Diarrhoea
7. Rashes
8. Fever
9. Growing Tired and Fatigue
10. Headache


]]> 2018-03-30 04:28:38 UTC https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247430480 History of HIV nuriman_eryana https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247586805 Wow guys so I have been thinking what info i want to share with you guys and I think the history of HIV is very interesting! I mean do you guys ever wonder where HIV originated from? I don't know if you guys knew already but scientists actually suspected that HIV originated from chimpanzees and when the virus infected the humans, they mutated. Heres the link : ]]> 2018-03-31 10:18:47 UTC https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247586805 replication of HIV. raihanramli https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247593849 hi everyone, i want to share a little bit to all of you about the replication of HIV.

As we know,HIV is a retrovirus. This  means it carries single-stranded RNA is its genetic material rather. Retroviruses also have the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which allow it to copy RNA into DNA and use that DNA "copy" to infect human, or host 

First, it attaches and fuses with the host cell. Then the viral RNA is converted into DNA and the virus uses the host cell’s machinery to replicate itself during a process called reverse transcription. The new copies of HIV then leave the host cell and move on to infect other cells.

i also paste the clear image of the replicate stages of HIV]]> 2018-03-31 12:31:43 UTC https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247593849 10 Facts on HIV/AIDS raihanramli https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247594611 I want to share some interesting facts and updated informations about HIV that i have read from the World Health Organization(WHO) webpage. I hope this extra informations can help us to be more aware on virus.]]> 2018-03-31 12:46:43 UTC https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247594611 Factors Affecting HIV Progression tharish2231 https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247661686 Here I have some interesting and beneficial information that I would like to share...
1. AGE
- When the age increases, the progression of AIDS will be much slower.
- CD$ T-cells are replaced at a slower rate as age increases, largely because the thymus gland generates fewer new, naive CD4 T-cells.
- Another possibilities is that, with increasing age, there are lower levels of chemokines to interfere with HIV's ability to infect CD4 T-cells. 

2. INFECTION ROUTE
- Blood transfusion and drug injection causes high clinical progression and mortality of diseases.

3. PREGNANCY
- Viral load increases in the twelve weeks after giving birth, even in women on stable antiretroviral therapy, and that viral load gradually increases thereafter.

]]> 2018-04-01 11:55:27 UTC https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247661686 Challenges In Developing HIV vaccines tharish2231 https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247675892 Here's Something New...
- Antibodies can have different properties. So-called binding antibodies simply attach to part of HIV and may or may not have antiviral effects.
- Besides, outer envelope of HIV is important for stimulating neutralizing antibodies. 
- HIV continually evolves because of genetic mutation and recombination. Thus, researches must estimate the significance of strain variation within individuals and among populations when developing HIV vaccines. 
-Once HIV infection becomes established in one body, however, the virus continually undergoes changes, and many variants may arise within an infected person.]]> 2018-04-01 15:40:50 UTC https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/247675892 structure of hiv virus tgalim16 https://padlet.com/nadyatira04/w05mr2jse423/wish/259526407


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