Global sea levels has been rising over the past century, and the rate has increased in recent decades. Higher sea levels mean that deadly and critical storm surges push farther inland than once did. As says in the article (First time world exceeds 1.5C warming limit over 12-month period), 2023 witnessed extreme weather events like storms, droughts, and fires, resulting in it being the hottest year on record globally since 1850 due to climate change and the El Nino weather phenomenon ( par(3). The warming of oceans and atmosphere proposes that sea levels will keep rising, possibly at even faster rates, for many centuries ahead. Worldwide, most of the of the biggest cities are by the sea where rising level sea levels can lead to erosion and storm hazards. Sea level rise is mainly due to global warming effects melting ice and glaciers adding water, and the expansion of seawater as it gets warmer. Satellite data has been tacking these changes since 1993. Rather than ending with more evidence, add some discucssion of the evidence. Also, do not forget to add the in-text citation for any information that is not your own.

Second, heat waves are becoming more common. Hotter temperatures have become a major concern in recent years. With climate change, we are facing more scorching summers and heatwaves. According to the article (Planet warming at ‘unprecedented rate’, study finds), With land average max temperatures climbing over half degree Celsius in just a decade that’s jump from 1.22C to 1.72C above perspective level (add the author family name and the year of publication). This rising temperature can have a range of impacts, from affecting our daily lives and activities to putting a strain on our natural resources (do you need an in-text citation after this sentence?) . Consequently, it can be seen that global warming is impacting life. - this is step 7 where you show how your evidence relates to the overall thesis of the essay.

Good start - keep going.

Scientists attribute the global warming trend observed since the mid-20th century to human expansion of the “greenhouse effect,” the warming that occurs when the atmosphere traps heat radiating from Earth into space, -some of these earth-harming materials are mainly: Carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide.

Many are the effects derived from the well-known global warming or climate change, but the truth is that the origin of this problem, which is causing serious problems not only at the environmental level, but also at the social level, is not known for certain.

Some of the disadvantages of the global warming are: Hurricanes, cyclones, typhoons, droughts, floods, rains or snowfalls increase their degree of violence due to global warming.

While most members of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change believe that current climate models over estimate the concern, climate change is a concern because we can have a better style of life for all people, investing in renewable energy protects national security, it is our duty to preserve the planet for future generations, taking action now will stimulate investment and create jobs and better opportunities.

Tristan, you have a lot of interesting and useful information here. But keep in mind the aim of this essay is not to solve the problem of global warming, but rather convince the reader that global warming is an issue that requires urgent attention. This style of essay will require a slight shift in your body paragraphs. The topic sentence of the first body paragraph below should be something like: Global warming is a serious issue because it is having a negative impact on people's lifestyle.

If this is the first body paragraph, it should provide evidence to prove that people need to Increase energy efficiency and switch to renewable energy instead of fossil fuels. Promote public transportation and sustainable mobility by increasing urban bicycle rides, reducing plane flights, and increasing rail and car-sharing trips. Reducing emissions from industry, vehicles, and power plants is insufficient to combat global warming. Furthermore, the globe must go on a diet by eating less meat, wasting less food, and committing to sustainable land management. (Meierrieks & M. Helbling, 2022)

The use of fossil fuels, forest clearing, and livestock production are all having an increasing impact on the Earth's climate and temperature. This topic sentence is better than the last one. But there are three distinct reasons here so you need to narrow it down to one. The massive amounts of gases produced in this way are added to those naturally released into the atmosphere, exacerbating the greenhouse effect and global warming. Global warming is causing water scarcity in already dry areas, increasing the likelihood of agricultural droughts that harm crops and ecological droughts that weaken ecosystems. Global warming is increasing faster than previously thought, and a key temperature threshold will be broken as early as this period, according to investigations led by James Hansen, the US scientist who first warned the world about the greenhouse effect. (Cited in Milman,2023). Tell me what happens when this key temperature threshold is broken.

Rather than starting with evidence, you need a topic sentence that supports your thesis statement. According to Plumer "Many of the most dire climate scenarios once feared by scientists, such as those forecasting warming of 4 degrees Celsius or more, now look unlikely, as nations have invested more heavily in clean energy".(Plumer,2023,Para. 15). The United States and the European Union proposed very low pollution emissions for the next decades; as a result, China and other countries such as India have added to their responsibility for contributing to these emissions, the latter with a longer period of operation than the first mentioned countries. This is very good news for humanity and our planet since steps are being taken to improve the quality of life for everyone.

Ask yourself: what three pieces of proof do you have that global warming requires urgent attention.

Museums and art galleries fill a number of roles in society. It could inculde anything made by humans for exaple:art, tools, and documents.“The history of Indigenous art in Canada begins sometime during the last Ice Age between 80,000 and 12,000 years ago” (Vastokas, 2013,p.1). The question what these objects should be returned to the indigenous or it should be in the museam in porpes of study and education. Although some people believe that artifacts should remain in the museum, indigenouse artefacts must give back the artfacts to the idgenous people, because these objects were taken without permission, that objects that were created within a particular culture belong to that culture, returning them is a gesture of goodwil.

         First of all, Returning artifacts to indigenous people is important because these objects were often taken without permission, representing a history of cultural theft. During the times of colonization without the permission of the native tribes, many valuable items were taken from their native lands (Addley, 2019). In addition, many of the pieces of holy artifacts in (Western museums) like the British Museum were taken during colonial times without the original owners permission (Addley, 2019). These objects are more than simply stuff they are essential elements of the indigenous culture and their cultural heritage. The fact that foreign museums have taken these historic items and are still holding them up perpetuates the injustice done to these communities. Getting back these items will allow museums to acknowledge past wrongs and assist Native Americans in restoring and celebrating their culture. Returning these remains so serves to both right past wrongs and encourage the cultural and spiritual revival of indigenous peoples.

            Secound, that objects that were created within a particular culture belong to that culture, these objects are super important to indigenous people because they hold a lot of cultural, spiritual, and historical value. They help keep their culture alive. It is very important these objects are to indigenous communities and what happens when they're taken away. For example, the (Gweagal Shield) was returned to the Aboriginal people in Australia, and it made a big difference (Paul, 2020). Getting it back helped them reconnect with their history and bring back important cultural practices, his shows that giving these objects back isn't just about returning things it's about giving back a part of their identity and healing old wounds. The Gweagal people felt empowered because their history and traditions were respected (Paul, 2020).Giving back indigenous cultural and traditional objects is super important for keeping their culture alive and healing past wrongs. This example clearly shows why returning these objects is so vital for indigenous communities.

            Finally, returning them is a gesture of goodwil, When the museum gave back their cultural objects, it shows respect and helps make up for past wrongs. For instance, the return to the Gweagal Shield to the Aboriginal people in Australia had an important beneficial impact (Lenzerini, 2016). Captain Cook took the Gweagal Shield in 1770, and the Gweagal people have high regard to it (Lenzerini, 2016). Returning it to them showed how much people respected their culture and helped them in restoring a connection with it. This shows that returning artifacts is about more than just giving things back it's also about being kind and respectful. The recovery of their valued cultural artifact made the Gweagal people feel better. Giving back items to native people is a great approach to improve connections and communicate respect. This instance demonstrates quite nicely why it is so important to return these things.

Go back and look at your introductory paragraph and identify the three main pieces of evidence that you are going to use to support your stance on this issue.

The return of ancient indigenous artifacts will contribute to the preservation and transmission of indigenous culture. With the revival of traditional values and cultural practices, Native descendants will be able to better explain how these artifacts were assembled and the purpose for which they were made so that the history and culture of these artifacts can be passed on correctly. In an article published in the New York Times, Jacobs and Small (2024) noted that under new federal regulations, many major museums have begun to dismantle and return Aboriginal exhibits, with the goal of returning these artifacts to their cultural context and increasing cultural pride in the Aboriginal community (Jacobs & Small, 2024). This suggests that by returning artifacts, future generations of ancient Aboriginal people have direct access to their cultural heritage, thus preserving and passing it on more effectively. As a result of the restitution of artifacts, Aboriginal communities are able to gain a deeper understanding and disseminate their culture, thus perpetuating cultural heritage. Therefore, the return of ancient indigenous artifacts to their descendants would greatly contribute to the preservation and transmission of indigenous cultures.

The return of ancient Native artifacts can help repair historical injustices. Many ancient Native artifacts were illegally looted during the colonial period, an act of great injustice, and the return of the artifacts is a way to make amends for historical wrongs.Jacobs and Small's (2024) study states that new federal regulations have prompted museums to return Native artifacts in order to right the wrongs of the past and to create a more equitable and respectful relationship between museums and Native communities (Jacobs & Small, 2024). This suggests that the return of artifacts is not only a moral responsibility, but also a restoration of historically denied rights. By returning these illegally looted artifacts, justice and respect can be brought to future generations of Indigenous people and the wounds of history can be repaired. The return of ancient indigenous artifacts is therefore an important step towards repairing historical injustices and contributing to a more equal and respectful relationship with indigenous peoples.

The return of ancient indigenous artifacts can promote cultural exchange and understanding. By returning artifacts to their descendants, modern society can better understand and appreciate the uniqueness and accomplishments of Indigenous cultures. In an article published in the New York Times, Lubow (2022) noted that the rearranged exhibits at the Museum of Natural History not only showcased the treasures of Indigenous cultures, but also revealed the pain and historical trauma behind them, emphasizing the importance of returning artifacts (Lubow, 2022). This suggests that restitution of artifacts not only helps to preserve indigenous cultures, but also promotes communication and understanding between cultures. By promoting cultural exchange, it can help people to have more respect and understanding of different cultures. Therefore, the return of ancient indigenous artifacts not only contributes to the preservation of indigenous cultures, but also promotes cultural exchange and understanding on a global scale.

Good work. Don't forget that you need to use all four of your articles

Rising temperatures will cause glaciers to melt and raise the water level of the oceans. Rising sea level will have an indelible impact on coastal countries. There are currently nearly 200 countries on Earth, most of which are close to the sea and more than a quarter of the territory of the Alliance of Small Island States (Watts,2023). As temperatures gradually rise, the Arctic and Antarctic glaciers are showing signs of melting. This means that the oceans will gradually expand, and coastal countries will be threatened by storms and inundation. Take Tuvalu, a coastal country. The country faces not only the potential threat of rising sea levels, but also the ravages of storm surges. According to the survey, Tuvalu regularly experiences storm surges, and one area is flooded several times in a year (Wartts,2023). In addition, there are many more

coastal areas whose coastlines are under threat and need to be fortified, and without measures to protect them, coastal life will cease to exist. People should be concerned and worried about the countries affected by climate change. Because most people are responsible for the carbon emissions that are warming the earth.

Rising temperatures will affect the Marine ecological balance. As temperatures have been rising, Antarctica's ecology has been affected in different ways. According to research, ice sheets and glaciers in the Antarctic region are shrinking and may disintegrate within a decade (Mckie,2023). The South Pole will shrink, or even disappear. The result will affect the balance of Marine ecology. One example is the algae that grow under Antarctic Sea ice, which is the main food for krill. Krill is very abundant and is one of the main foods of many Marine organisms (Mckie,2023). If Antarctic ice disappears or shrinks, there will be a series of ripple effects. The algae that depend on the glacier will also decrease, or even die out. Then the krill will lose a lot of food and their numbers will decrease, so other organisms will also decrease or even die out due to less food. This situation will gradually expand to the entire ocean and eventually lead to serious ecological damage. Climate change not only affects human beings, but also causes damage to the environment and ecology.

Climate change will cause high temperatures and diseases that will kill people in some areas. According to the survey, in 2023, the ocean and land surface in many areas will be extremely hot (Kuhlbrodt, 2024, p.10), especially the closer to the equator, the higher the temperature will be. This will significantly increase the

incidence of heat stroke among residents in these areas. In California, USA, there is a famous high productivity agricultural area called The San Joaquin Valley. As temperatures rise, farmers in the area are increasingly at risk. Heatstroke is a common event experienced by farmers in the area, but another disease also follows the heat, and that is heart disease. “Surveys have shown that more than a third of farmers in the area suffer from chronic diseases, mostly caused by the interaction between extreme heat and PM2.5, a type of particulate matter produced by burning fuel, which causes the heart to strain, blood vessels to dilate, blood pressure to drop and the heart to pump blood faster, reducing oxygen to the brain and increasing the risk of heart attacks”(Gross& Aldhous, 2023).The effects of the heat pose a risk of heatstroke and chronic diseases caused by the interaction of heat and particulate matter

In short, although some people think that climate change is to facilitate the profit of some products. But climate change brings about a series of changes that will affect all life on Earth. People need to face up to the fact that climate change will affect the melting of glaciers, resulting in the rise of ocean water levels, the destruction of Marine ecological balance, and the disease caused by high temperature.

Rising temperatures will cause glaciers to melt and raise the water level of the oceans. Rising sea level will have an indelible impact on coastal countries. There are currently nearly 200 countries on Earth, most of which are close to the sea and more than a quarter of the territory of the Alliance of Small Island States (Watts,2023). As temperatures gradually rise, the Arctic and Antarctic glaciers are showing signs of melting. This means that the oceans will gradually expand, and coastal countries will be threatened by storms and inundation. Take Tuvalu, a coastal country. The country faces not only the potential threat of rising sea levels, but also the ravages of storm surges. According to the survey, Tuvalu regularly experiences storm surges, and one area is flooded several times in a year (Wartts,2023). In addition, there are many more

coastal areas whose coastlines are under threat and need to be fortified, and without measures to protect them, coastal life will cease to exist. People should be concerned and worried about the countries affected by climate change. Because most people are responsible for the carbon emissions that are warming the earth.

Rising temperatures will affect the Marine ecological balance. As temperatures have been rising, Antarctica's ecology has been affected in different ways. According to research, ice sheets and glaciers in the Antarctic region are shrinking and may disintegrate within a decade (Mckie,2023). The South Pole will shrink, or even disappear. The result will affect the balance of Marine ecology. One example is the algae that grow under Antarctic Sea ice, which is the main food for krill. Krill is very abundant and is one of the main foods of many Marine organisms (Mckie,2023). If Antarctic ice disappears or shrinks, there will be a series of ripple effects. The algae that depend on the glacier will also decrease, or even die out. Then the krill will lose a lot of food and their numbers will decrease, so other organisms will also decrease or even die out due to less food. This situation will gradually expand to the entire ocean and eventually lead to serious ecological damage. Climate change not only affects human beings, but also causes damage to the environment and ecology.

Climate change will cause high temperatures and diseases that will kill people in some areas. According to the survey, in 2023, the ocean and land surface in many areas will be extremely hot (Kuhlbrodt, 2024, p.10), especially the closer to the equator, the higher the temperature will be. This will significantly increase the

incidence of heat stroke among residents in these areas. In California, USA, there is a famous high productivity agricultural area called The San Joaquin Valley. As temperatures rise, farmers in the area are increasingly at risk. Heatstroke is a common event experienced by farmers in the area, but another disease also follows the heat, and that is heart disease. “Surveys have shown that more than a third of farmers in the area suffer from chronic diseases, mostly caused by the interaction between extreme heat and PM2.5, a type of particulate matter produced by burning fuel, which causes the heart to strain, blood vessels to dilate, blood pressure to drop and the heart to pump blood faster, reducing oxygen to the brain and increasing the risk of heart attacks”(Gross& Aldhous, 2023).The effects of the heat pose a risk of heatstroke and chronic diseases caused by the interaction of heat and particulate matter

In short, although some people think that climate change is to facilitate the profit of some products. But climate change brings about a series of changes that will affect all life on Earth. People need to face up to the fact that climate change will affect the melting of glaciers, resulting in the rise of ocean water levels, the destruction of Marine ecological balance, and the disease caused by high temperature.

        To start with, the impact of climate change is far-reaching. There are many causes which leads to climate change, for example, human burn large amount of fossil fuels to generate electricity and the earth is surrounded by excessive emissions of greenhouse gases. Recently, there are numerous climate change experience, which leads to many natural disasters. Droughts happen frequently in these years. This may reduce the supply of water. Most importantly, the food supply, commerce and industry will face numerous hurdles. Besides, hurricanes and extreme precipitation may threaten infrastructure, even local economies. The extreme weather may harm the local economies for a period of time.( Javeline, Dolsak and Prakash, 2019,p.209-213) In North Pole, there is extreme weather which we cannot ignore. Nowadays, polar bears are losing their home. Polar bears live on the Arctic coastline. Their home is the floating ice in the sea. However, the temperature in the Arctic is raising rapidly, which is in twice of the global average rate, the sea ice melt and thinning rapidly, which forces the polar bears to shorten their hunting period and endure hunger. In view of this, we should worry about the climate change.

        Secondly, the impacts of climate change extend beyond environmental concerns. It is about social and economic dimensions. The government advisers claimed that Net zero U-turns will hit UK seriously on the infrastructure and the economic growth.( Harvey, Tophan and Ambrose, 2024) The renewable energy has a good progress in the past five years, according to the statement spoke by the chair of the National Infrastructure Commission (NIC), Sir John Armitt. (Harvey, Tophan and Ambrose, 2024) In the past five years, the Electric Vehicles become popular in the market. More people start to buy Electric Vehicles. It can produce less pollution. However, there is no regulations to control gasoline car. Gasoline cars are more popular than Electric Vehicles. There are many people still driving gasoline car. The pollution may not reduce a lot. According to the latest review from the NIC, it announced a new policies, which is net zero policies. One of the official, Sunak, has repeated our aim is “ pragmatic” new zero. ( Harvey, Tophan and Ambrose, 2024) Also, one of the official, Armitt, claimed that heat pumps are very serious. There were several analysis by the NIC, which are “ the government will fail to meet its targets on heat pump rollout and “ massive investment in the electricity grid”. ( Harvey, Tophan and Ambrose, 2024) The government should change the main goal to archive net zero. The government should make greater investment in public transport and green electricity goals. In view of this, we should worry about the climate change.

        Thirdly, the policy of climate change is very important to every countries. Environmental activists said the climate policy in Russia is “ weak”. ( Kaminski,2024) In Russia, the methane emissions are enormous. The excessive national greenhouse gas emissions may violate the citizen’s right to enjoy a healthy environment. It may decrease the quality of life of the citizens. As Russia is one of the world’s biggest greenhouse gas emitters, the Russia government set a target, which is achieving net zero by 2060, to combat this serious environmental issue. The Climate Action Tracker ( CAT) claimed that this solution is impossible to achieve in 2060 unless the Russian government react with the action immediately. ( Kaminski,2024) Russia is an enormous country which exclusively focusing on extracting, consuming and exporting fossil fuels, which is extremely hard to reduce the methane emission. In recent years, nearly 200 government officials gathered to join the Paris Climate Summit ( COP 21), which finalized the Paris Agreement to replace the Kyoto Protocol. In the agreement, it aimed to reduce greenhouse gases and strive to keep global temperature rise below 2 degree Celsius, better limit to 1.5 degree Celsius. ( Kaminski,2024). Unless we systematically and drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the Earth’s weather will become more extreme. The natural ecosystems and humans will face numerous hurdles. In view of this, we should worry about the climate change.

As a result of global warming, the glaciers are shrinking. Frist of all, with global warming, the natural environment around has begun to change significantly. It has been stated that “In the two months of 2023, the average observed value of the glacier was already four standard deviations higher than the 1982-2011 average, and the August 2023 Antarctic Sea ice extent was 2.4 million square kilometers smaller than the 1981-2011 average, as well as the July and October sea ice extent, outside the normal range” (Kuhlbrodt, 2024, p.3) Not only is the sea level rising, but with the warming of the climate, more and more natural environment has suffered great changes. For example, because of the warming of the climate, the ground in many places starts to become dry, the evaporation is too fast, and there are heavy rains and floods. These effects show that the shrinking of the glaciers has serious effects. Consequently, people should worry about climate change.

Secondly, as global warming intensifies, rising concentrations of greenhouse gases lead to an increase in the frequency and intensity of natural disasters. These disasters have caused serious damage to the natural environment, resulting in ecosystem imbalance, biodiversity reduction and resource shortage, and further threatening human survival and development. Under the influence of this, climate warming has become a common thing in some regions. For example, some regions have experienced continuous high temperatures, resulting in drought, frequent sandstorms, and natural fires. Not only that, but also floods caused by melting glaciers in some regions（Milman, 2023,p.2）Natural disasters do not happen for no reason. They are all caused by people's lack of attention to them in the early stage. People think that they are just some small things that are not important, but it is because people didn't pay special attention to them in the early stage that more and more natural disasters are happening now So from this point of view, people need to worry about this kind of problem now because it's not just affecting the environment as simple as the occurrence of natural disasters will only

Should climate be a concern？                                                3

bring more irreversible effects on people.

Thirdly, disasters have caused serious damage to the natural environment, resulting in ecosystem imbalance, biodiversity reduction and resource shortage, and further threatening human survival and development. Although some people think that the rhetoric on the Internet is too unreliable, they do not feel that climate warming has any unnecessary impact, but it will cause people panic(Tigue, 2023,p.1) But it was not until people walked in the street and got sunburned, and even people in some areas fainted because of the continuous high temperature, and the high temperature affected the survival of people in some areas that people found that climate warming is not an unfounded conjecture.(Lurie, 2023,p.2) Including health issues such as heat waves and the spread of disease, economic challenges such as reduced agricultural production and increased energy demand, and environmental hazards such as sea level rise and ecosystem destruction. And social impacts such as increased migration and damage to infrastructure if we continue to ignore climate change, it's going to affect every aspect of people's lives even more and it's going to be people who are going to be the most adversely affected so we must start paying real attention to it now.

Climate change skeptics continue to defend their position, and there are some of their claims: “This is the coldest winter we’ve had in years! So much for global warming”, “Climate change is natural and normal”, etc. However, in fact, we should be worried about global warming, our common problem and risks: human impact on temperatures, droughts are becoming longer, and sea levels are rising.

Temperature rising is a pressing global issue which people aggravate to this day. Mc.Michael contends that human activities are one of the reasons of temperature changes, and as an example, he provides globally aggregated excess greenhouse emissions (2013). Between 2005 and 2020, global GHG emissions increased by 18.2%, from 39.004 to 46.121 megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent. Carbon dioxide is the most crucial greenhouse gas on Earth, absorbing heat radiating from the Earth’s surface and re-emit it in all directions, including redirecting some of it back to the Earth’s surface. Rosen (2021) has argued that bubbles of ancient air trapped in ice reveal that, prior to around 1750, the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide was approximately 280 parts per million. This concentration began to increase slowly, surpassing 300 parts per million around 1900. CO2 levels then surged as automobiles and electricity became integral to modern life, recently exceeding 420 parts per million. The concentration of methane, the second most significant greenhouse gas, has more than doubled. Currently, we are emitting carbon at a rate much faster than it was released 56 million years ago. Greenhouse gases can stay in the atmosphere for durations ranging from a few years to several thousands years. Consequently, their effects are global, irrespective of their original source of emission. Industrial Revolution, humans have been increasing these gases in the atmosphere, mainly by extracting and burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas, which releases carbon dioxide.

There are plenty of factors, that can affect on availability of water, but heatwaves compounded by climate change can exacerbate droughts by desiccating soil, accelerating the warming of the air above, resulting more intense heat. According to NASA’s research (2023), floods and droughts represent for over 20% of the economic losses from extreme weather events in the U.S. annually, with similar economic impacts globally, though the human victims is often most disastrous in poor neighborhoods and developing nations. “One thing is very, very clear, though, that this is already touching the limits of what some people are able to adapt to. As long as we keep burning fossil fuels or even give out new licenses to explore new oil and gas fields, these kind of events will only get worse,” said Friederike Otto (2023). All of that aren’t just challenging weather occurrences, they’re resulting extremes, such as crop failure, infrastructure damage, humanitarian crises etc.

Over the past century, there has been a continuous rise in global sea levels, with the rate of increase accelerating in recent decades. Golgowski (2019) note that according to a concerning new study that analyzes land elevation and climate change, the projected number of people vulnerable to coastal flooding in the next 30 years is three times higher than previously estimated. Coastal flooding might encompass frequent closures of roads, diminished capacity for stormwater drainage, infrastructure degradation, and the infiltration of saltwater into drinking water sources. Climatologist Jean-Pascal (2019) said: “If hundreds or even tens of millions of people are flooded in Asia or Africa, it will create social and economic disruptions on a huge scale”. Floods typically impact social and economic conditions, leading to widespread unemployment, deteriorating public health, and ecosystem destruction. Policies and regulations for flood control play a crucial role in mitigating economic and social risks, preserving human well-being, and safeguarding the environment.

Keeping historical native artifacts in museums helps preserve them in great condition and has a big positive impact on education. Museums are crucial for teaching the public about different cultures and histories. They help people learn about the rich cultural heritage of indigenous tribes, fostering more respect and understanding. According to a study by Hunt, many Americans believe museums provide valuable educational opportunities, making them trusted sources of information (Hunt, 2008). Additionally, museums have the tools and expertise to protect old artifacts from damage or theft, which is especially important for fragile or decaying items. Museums employ conservation experts who use advanced methods to preserve these artifacts for future generations (Woolf, 2023).

However, the upstanding implications of museums possessing ethnic artifacts need a rethinking of current policies to ensure justice and respect for ethnic communities. Many of these artifacts were uninventive through colonial exploitation and were often taken without the consent of the ethnic people. This historical context raises significant moral questions well-nigh the legitimacy of museums holding these items. Ethnic people have the right to maintain, control, protect and develop their cultural heritage (Hunt, 2019). Furthermore, ethnic tribes may protract to finger marginalized culturally as a result of museum’s continuous ownership of these objects. Restoring these artifacts can be a first step in healing old wounds and fostering harmony. Repatriation of cultural heritage is an important process in the reconciliation and healing of ethnic communities (Woolf, 2023).

The dispute over whether ancient indigenous goods should be returned to their descendants or kept in museums requires balancing cultural heritage and educational value. Returning the artifacts honors indigenous history and corrects past injustices, while museums help preserve and educate the public. To respect the cultural value while also promoting justice and peace, indigenous groups must work together.

First of all, the temperature of the earth is rising, and so are the temperature of the oceans, which brings harm to many marine life. Coral reefs are one of them, because they bleach and even die when the water gets too hot. Seth Borenstein (2024 May 16) points out that coral bleaching incidents have led to over three-fifths (62.9%) of the global coral reefs sustaining significant damage, and approximately one-seventh of the world's coral population has perished between 2009 and 2017. These data illustrate the disaster that coral reefs are suffering as ocean temperatures rise. “It’s an ecosystem that we are literally going to watch disappear in our lifetimes.” Said Andrew Pershing, a biological oceanographer who is vice president for science of Climate Central (Borenstein, 2024 May. 16). Another research also confirmed the damage global warming is doing to Marine life. Whitt Daniel B. (October 16, 2023) conducted a study on interannual and multidecadal variability in nutrients and biological production in the Subarctic Atlantic Ocean. The results show that global warming has reduced integrated biological production in the Subarctic Atlantic while increasing its interannual and multidecadal variability (Whitt, 2023 Oct. 16). Both sources attest to the dire effects of global warming on marine life.

In additioin, the accelerating trend of global warming has led to more extreme

weather events related to high temperatures, such as heatwaves. New research in PLOS medicine shows that heatwaves are linked to more than 150,000 deaths per year in 43 countries on five continents over a 30-year period (Varanasi, 2024 May. 26). Anuradha Varanasi (2024 May26) mentioned the lead author, Yuming Guo, head of the Climate and Air Quality Research Unit at Monash University in Australia, and his colleagues' analysis of heatwave-related death data from 1990 to 2019. An estimated 153,078 lives were lost each year due to extreme weather events, accounting for 1% of global deaths (Varanasi, 2024 May. 26). These analyses highlight the serious harm that climate change is inflicting on people around the world, and that the harm is irreversible. Guo and team also predicted that the socioeconomic costs of heatwaves are likely to soar in the future (Varanasi, 2024 May. 26). The above data and analysis show that frequent extreme weather poses a great threat to human life in the context of global warming.

Finally, The prolonged monsoon rains brought about by global warming have triggered epidemics, especially in South Asia, which have brought great challenges to the survival of people. Rising temperatures and longer monsoon season provided ideal breeding conditions for mosquitoes. According to an AL Jazeera news report (2023 September 8), a mosquito-borne epidemic called dengue fever is spreading across South Asian countries. The World Health Organization (WTO) said dengue is the world's fastest spreading tropical disease, with 4.2 million cases reported in 2022, an eight-fold increase from 2000 (2023 Sept. 8). But mosquitoes are only one of the reasons for the spread of dengue, the other major factor is violent flooding which is caused by heavy rains and melting glaciers triggered by climate change (2023 Sept. 8). It is proved that the unstable climate has deeply affected people's physical health and daily life through these data. Dengue fever is only one of the

diseases induced by global warming, but it is enough to show the enormous harm to human health.

First of all，Antarctic sea ice has decreased to a historic low due to global warming. A scientist from South Africa stated: "I expect a semi-dystopian future to bring great pain and suffering people in the Southern Hemisphere, as sea ice in the Antarctic is now at an all-time low." (Carrington, 2024，para14). Scientists are speaking out increasingly as sea levels rise. We cannot maintain temperatures below 1.5 degrees Celsius, concurs Nathalie Hilmi of the Monaco Science Center, who projects an increase of 3 degrees Celsius. (2024，para9). The world is suffering from a climate catastrophe that is not limited to the Antarctic. It has also damaged other sections of the world, including the northeast of the United States due to severe rainfall, the southwest's protracted drought, The climatic disaster brought on by global warming is getting worse in Africa, as evidenced by several issues including water scarcity. (Milman, 2023，para18). People should therefore be concerned about the changing environment and the rise in sea level temperatures considering the rising sea level, the fast melting of polar ice, and other climate-related issues.

Secondly，extreme weather has a negative impact on both animal and human survival. Africa is experiencing heat waves that can surpass human tolerance, and the southwestern United States is also experiencing a protracted drought. As a result, temperatures in the region are approaching unbearable levels and breaking records in severalUS states. Air quality has gotten worse, and people's health has already been harmed by rising temperatures, more smoke, smoke from wildfires, dust, and pollen, as well as the spread of extreme weather events and infectious diseases. (Paragraph 19, Mliman, 2023) Animals are also significantly impacted by climate change and global warming in addition to humans. Black widow spiders are more likely to engage in cannibalism during hot weather. The rhesus monkeys started battling more. For instance, Korean researchers found in 2015 that mice under heat stress experienced inflammation in the hippocampus, a part of the brain essential for memory storage. Elevated temperatures also diminish neural transmission in zebrafish, a creature commonly used as a model by researchers investigating brain function. (Paragraphs 10–11, Aldern, 2024)

Thirdly，Children and the elderly are also being impacted by the warming climate. Since neurodegenerative disorders typically manifest later in life and exposure to these risk factors seems to compound over a person's lifespan, children are among the most vulnerable to them. Ikiz remarked, "It's not very serious." People began to get various illnesses over time. That's the part of this whole situation that truly worries me. Wildfires have caused air pollution in the past. It is sweltering outside. There is a neurotoxic here. (para. 16 of Aldern, 2024) Extreme weather puts infants and kids who don't have strong immune systems through a lot of hardship. The title of a recent paper led by toxicologist and University of Montana Environmental Neuroprevention Laboratory director Dr. Lilian Calderon-Garciduenas reads, "The hallmark of Alzheimer's disease is the relentless development of infants, children, and young adults in metropolitan Mexico City." (para. 17 of Aldern, 2024) Many diseases that should not be observed in children are seen in young children as a result of the harsh weather. not only the kids but also the elderly. Middle-aged and older adults are more likely to suffer from neurodegenerative disorders. Conversely, the brain-eating amoeba, which primarily infects children swimming in lakes and has a fatality rate of up to 97% and results in death within a week, is anticipated to spread as a result of the climate crisis. Like kids. （Aldern，2024，para18）Therefore, we have grounds for concern as the harm caused by harsh weather to youngsters and the elderly is growing.

To begin, the rapid decline of Antarctic sea ice is a majorclimate change sign. This paper published by Erdenesanaa andAbraham (2023) reveals that Antarctic sea ice, like the Artic, achieved record low during 2023 upholding the severity ofglobal warming that has claimed both of the regions. A decreaseor absence of sea ice leads to an increase in sea level due to icemelt and it impacts global weather patterns. The phenomenonresults in more intense and unpredictable weather events likestorms and floods, that endanger both ecosystems and humancommunities. The vanishing ice focuses attention on one of the dangerous effects of climate change, a visible aspect to helpalarm people to the accelerating impacts of warming around the globe.

The ceaseless heatwaves suffered by every continent onearth should serve as an even more urgent reminder that we arein the midst of a climate emergency. This time with no sign of a break in the burning speculated Gerry, Erdenesanaa and Aaron(2023) in their report. Because of the extreme temperature, vulnerable populations are at risk and resources andinfrastructure are severely taxed. Heatwaves now occur moreoften and are stronger because of global warming, which meansrapid actions are paramount to alleviate the consequences of it. This co-effective climate driver threaten public health with heat-related illnesses and make common health issues significantlyworse as the high temperatures drag on.

Meanwhile, the long-term increase in sea temperatures is a major issue. A year later, Elena (2023) wrote, "The ocean heatmarks were astonishing that summer and a clear sign of the effects of climate change on this planet." Hotter oceans causecoral bleaching, imbalance marine life, change weatherdynamics by influencing increasingly violent tropical cyclones. At the same time, there are millions of people whose livelihoodsalso depend upon marine resources and they are all are affectedby the rise in ocean temperatures. The shift is not onlytroublesome for biodiversity but also food security andeconomic security in more regions. Sea-level rise as a result ofwarming oceans is a stark example of the global nature ofclimate change and the ways in which different components ofclimate are hiding some warming for the time being.

The economic effects of climate change only add to the momentum required to combat the climate crisis. Globalwarming is seen as an important financial risk by GAO, Li, andHao (2024), both from China or other countries. Economically, climate change will continue to cause a damage to infrastructure, increased cost for disaster response and loss of productivity dueto severe weather events. These financial risks are not regional, but systemic, with impacts that could affect markets andeconomies around the world. The findings underscore the imperative of proactively addressing these threats throughmultifaceted approaches that can help manage risks and enhancecapacity to cope with, and adapt to, the current and futureclimate change impacts.

In conclusion, the evidence the planet is warming rapidly isoverwhelming, and 2023 is on track for the highest globaltemperatures on record since 1850. We see the climate crisis in all its forms: from record-low Antarctic sea ice, to persistent andintense heatwaves and unprecedented ocean temperatures. Andsome of these things, you know, put not only nature at risk buthuman health, economic stability and global security. We are notgoing to truly own our responsibility with where things areheaded until we stand up and make large changes to the rootcauses and responses to climate breakdown If we fail we willonly deepen the ever growing consequences which will mean wehave an even higher mountain to climb in keeping out planetsafe and whole for future generations.

As many people claim that we need not to worry about the warming, we need to be bothered because global warming causes heavy rains which brings àbout floods, causes hurricanes and wildfires.

It is stated that global warming causes heavy rains. Current models show that rise in temperatures will stimulate and intensify the earth's water cycle which increases evaporation (NASA 2023). It also causes melting of glaciers and icebergs. As a result, increased evaporation rates leads to heavy rainfall, hence causing floods.

Global warming also causes hurricanes. As evaporation increases, the transfer of heat from the oceans to the air also intensifies (NOAA, 2021). When storms travel across warm oceans, they pull in more water vapor and heat. This will lead to vigorous hurricanes. Therefore global warming is dangerous and could lead to disasters.

Lastly, global warming causes wildfires. When temperatures rise, the rate of evaporation increases. This leaves surfaces dry and flamable(Kensley, T., 2023). Flamable surfaces could catch fire easily which brings about wildfires that could lead to the risk of losing animal and human life. Increasedlightning caused by global warming could also ignite fires.Hence global warming leads to loss of valuables by fire.

First of all,global warming has really bad influence on humans as seen as in fast process of greenhouse gases.For over a century, scientists have had an understanding of the fundamental physics that explain why greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide contribute to global warming. Despite making up a small portion of the Earth's atmosphere, these gases play a significant role in regulating the planet's climate by capturing a portion of the heat that would otherwise escape into space. This greenhouse effect is crucial for maintaining the conditions necessary for liquid water and supporting life on Earth, even though the planet is located at a considerable distance from the sun.

Secondly,deforestation could impact climate change in recent years. Here is a phenomenon that proves this view.The devastating wildfires that occurred in California and Oregon this autumn were fueled by climate change in a way, providing a glimpse of the future world(Elizabeth,2020).So we can see that trees and forests are like sponges for carbon, taking in carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air while they make food through photosynthesis and keeping it in their trunk, branches, leaves, and roots. But if trees are cut down or burned, all that stored carbon goes back into the air as CO2, which is a greenhouse gas that makes the Earth warmer.For example,The Amazon rainforest, which is like the Earth's lungs, holds a lot of carbon. When big parts of the Amazon are cut down for farming or other reasons, the carbon stored in the trees gets released, making the CO2 levels in the air go up a lot. This makes global warming worse and stops the forest from taking in CO2 like before.

Thirdly,air pollution from industry also impact climate change. How so?Let me explain that. In 1965, a report given to President Lyndon Johnson mentioned that burning fossil fuels could probably be bad for people(Elizabeth,2020).This means that the release of greenhouse gases (especially carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4)) allows these gases to trap heat from the sun, which increases the greenhouse effect and ultimately causes global warming.For instance,”The Cement Industry” releases a lot of CO2. Making cement involves heating limestone, which lets out CO2. Also, using lots of fossil fuels to heat the materials adds more CO2 to the air.

First of all, returning indigenous objects will be beneficial to restoration of indigenous culture and continuation. In recent years, some European countries such as France and Germany have returned some items to their original countries. At the same time, many new museums have been set up across Africa. Locals can now see this rich cultural heritage in their own communities. These objects are no longer prisoners of European museums (Hunt, 2022). Moreover, for Indigenous people, ancestral heritage is crucial to their identity, history, worldview, and well-being. An elder from a northern region of Canada stated that heritage is all that makes us who we are (Nicholas, 2022). The evidence shows that these artifacts hold extraordinary significance for Indigenous people. Therefore, the return of indigenous cultural heritage will lead them to revive their own culture.

Furthermore, Returning objects helps improve relations with indigenous people. According to Quinn (2020), efforts by the British Museum to return items such as the deer-hide necklace and Blackfoot beaded pouch have garnered support from Alberta Premier Jason Kenney. The Canadian Globe and Mail reported that he sees this as a significant act towards reconciliation with Canada's Indigenous peoples. In addition, Addley (2023) mentioned that an indigenous woman named Collison once said that every time cultural heritage comes home, it heals people and makes them feel that they have upheld their responsibility to their ancestors. As can be seen from the evidence, The indigenous people cherish their lost artifacts and are calling on European countries to return them. As a result, returning objects will heal the wounds left by the history of plunder and improve relations with indigenous peoples.

Finally, these objects were illegally looted and should be returned to the indigenous peoples. Hunt (2022) explained that the United Nations, through Article 11 of the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, urges nations to return cultural and spiritual property taken from Indigenous peoples without consent. The right to access and control one's heritage should be a fundamental human right. Items acquired through force or unfair conditions do not align with human rights. Indigenous heritage is not public domain. The evidence shows that possessing looted Indigenous objects is not endorsed by morality or law. Therefore, we should call on museums to return Indigenous objects.

First of all, greenhouse gas emissions are the main cause of global warming. Greenhouse gas is not the only gas, it is a general term for all waste gas. Meinshausen and his research team found that global warming mainly comes from carbon dioxide emissions, but other gasses such as methane and nitrous oxide also accelerate the process of global warming (2009). There are many reasons for the production of greenhouse gasses, and the main reason is transportation. Modern transportation such as cars and airplanes consume a lot of fuel, which produces carbon dioxide. Mckibben mentioned in his novel that in the United States, an average car travels 10,000 miles a

year and emits carbon equivalent to its weight into the atmosphere in a year (1989). Many countries and researchers have also thought of some ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, such as replacing fuel cars with electric cars. According to Popovich and

 Plumer (2023), “Carbon-dioxide emissions from transportation are also projected to fall by midcentury because of the rapid spread of electric vehicles, which now make up one in five new car sales globally. In places like Africa and Asia, smaller electric motorcycles, mopeds and rickshaws are already displacing nearly one million barrels of oil per day" (page 1). Although electric cars also emit carbon dioxide, they emit less than fuel cars. The development of electric cars is of great help in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Planting green plants on a large scale can also help solve the problem of global warming. Plants can absorb carbon dioxide in the air and convert it into oxygen. However, in recent years, more and more forests and rainforests have been destroyed by humans. McKibben given an example in the Brazilian state of Pará, where settlers cut down nearly 70,000 square miles of forest from 1975 to 1986 (1989). The disappearance of forests will accelerate global warming. McKibben gave the data that deforestation releases 1 billion tonnes of carbon into the atmosphere every year, equivalent to 20 percent of the carbon produced by fossil fuels (1989). If people continue to cut down forests, there will be more carbon emissions in the air.

Education is also very important. Many people now do not know how to protect the environment, and they think that many environmental protection measures are unnecessary. For example, recycling and low-carbon travel. But in fact, recycling can  

 make many recyclable resources reused, and low-carbon travel can effectively reduce carbon emissions. These behaviors are very helpful in improving global warming. If more and more people understand the harm caused by global warming, I believe that the problem of global warming will be solved soon.

Returning artifacts can provide a unique cultural perspective and interpretation for Indigenous descendants. These artifacts should be returned to the culture to which they originally belonged, and their descendants can better interpret their historical significance and cultural value. This not only helps to revive traditions, but also allows these artifacts to be more fully understood. According to Julia Jacobs (2024), new laws require museums to review their exhibition methods and consider returning some artifacts to Indigenous communities. She points out that the interpretation and display of these artifacts in Indigenous communities are completely different from those in Western museums because they can reflect the true meaning of these artifacts in Indigenous culture. Frank (2000) also points out in his research that the display in museums is usually conducted from an external perspective, often ignoring the real understanding and cultural background of these artifacts by Indigenous communities. Frank believes that artifacts should be returned to their original culture because only in this way can they be fully and accurately interpreted. These evidences show that after the return of artifacts, Indigenous communities can better interpret these artifacts through their own cultural background, thereby revealing their true historical and cultural value. Therefore, returning artifacts can provide a more authentic cultural perspective, which is crucial to understanding the meaning of artifacts. By returning cultural relics, descendants of indigenous peoples can not only protect their cultural heritage, but also show the true value of these cultural relics through their unique perspectives.

Returning cultural relics is an important step in repairing historical injustices, especially for cultural relics that were illegally looted during the colonial period. During the colonial period, many cultural relics were illegally taken away from their original places, causing great losses to history and culture (Jacobs & Small, 2024). Returning these cultural relics is not only a manifestation of historical justice, but also a repair of respect and harm to indigenous peoples. According to Jacobs and Small (2024), new federal regulations have forced many museums to reassess the legality of their collections and consider returning illegally acquired cultural relics to indigenous communities. They point out that many cultural relics were looted without consent, which is not only unethical but also unjust. Lubow (2022) also mentions in the New York Times that many museums have begun to realize that returning cultural relics is an important measure to repair historical injustices. These cultural relics often symbolize the core of indigenous culture, and their history of looting is a painful memory. These evidences show that returning cultural relics not only helps to repair past traumas, but also promotes historical justice and social harmony. Therefore, returning cultural relics is not only a moral obligation, but also an act of repairing historical injustices, which helps to make up for the pain of the past. By returning cultural relics, past mistakes can be corrected and social fairness and justice can be promoted.

The return of cultural relics helps to promote cultural exchanges and understanding between the descendants of indigenous peoples and other parts of the world. The return of cultural relics can not only strengthen the cultural confidence of the descendants of indigenous peoples, but also promote understanding and exchanges between different cultures (Frank, 2000). Such exchanges help to eliminate prejudice and enhance the respect and understanding of indigenous cultures in countries around the world. Frank (2000) points out that the return of cultural relics can provide indigenous communities with an opportunity to display and explain their culture, thereby promoting exchanges with the outside world. Through these exchanges, indigenous cultures can be more widely spread and understood, thereby promoting mutual respect and learning between different cultures. Jacobs (2024) also mentions that the new law promotes cooperation between museums and indigenous communities, which is not limited to the return of cultural relics, but also includes the joint planning of exhibitions and educational programs. Such cooperation can further deepen exchanges and understanding between different cultures. This evidence shows that the return of cultural relics is not only the protection of the cultural heritage of indigenous communities, but also a way to promote international cultural exchanges and contribute to mutual respect and understanding between different cultures. Therefore, the return of cultural relics can not only enhance the cultural confidence of indigenous communities, but also promote mutual understanding and respect of global cultures through cultural exchanges. By returning cultural relics, we can strengthen cultural exchanges, enhance mutual understanding and cooperation between different cultures, and promote harmonious development of the world.