https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen en-us 2017-11-01 13:28:23 UTC 2023-01-21 06:34:36 UTC hello@padlet.com curtis_kunyetu https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/202489501 2017-11-01 13:38:46 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/202489501 ivanatalbott https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/202492495 Binding of influenza viral proteins to various components of the innate immune system leads to their inhibition, whereas a combination of immune pressure in the human population and the high mutation rate of the influenza A virus leads to the generation of new virus strains that escape the existing adaptive humoral and cellular immune responses. MORE DETAIL IN PAPER

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3499814/]]> 2017-11-01 13:44:16 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/202492495 nathaynes96 https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/202492584 Genome consists of 8 gene segments of -ssRNA which encodes 12 proteins: hemaglutinin and neuraminidase (surface), 2 matrix proteins, nucleoprotein, 3 polymerase complex proteins, and 4 non-structural proteins

Subdivided based on their surface glycoproteins - 17 types of HA and 9 types of NA currently known]]> 2017-11-01 13:44:26 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/202492584 wilkes847 https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/202495741 Binding of hemagglutinin (HA) protein binds to sialic acid (SA) residues present on the surface of host cells. Human influenza viruses preferentially bind to α2,6-linked SA, whereas avian influenza viruses bind to α2,3-linked SA.
Cellular tropism and the infectivity of influenza viruses are primarily determined by the distribution of these two SA re- ceptors in the human respiratory tract.
Human influenza viruses attach primarily to ciliated epithelial cells and to a lesser extent to goblet cells in the upper respiratory tract, as well as to type I pneumocytes in the alveoli. Continued in paper

http://jvi.asm.org/content/87/5/2597.full.pdf+html]]> 2017-11-01 13:49:56 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/202495741 oliviageorgiamoore https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/202716919 In the words of Jody Winter "Influenza B and C only really infect animals" should we just talk about A?]]> 2017-11-01 21:11:27 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/202716919 zamarrudqasemi https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203380093 2017-11-03 16:42:15 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203380093 oliviageorgiamoore https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203382385 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4290784/
Human strains predominantly recognize α2,6-sialic acid linkages while avian strains preferentially binds receptors of α2,3-sialic acid linkages ]]> 2017-11-03 16:46:28 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203382385 oliviageorgiamoore https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203385041 each card is a quarter of a page

4 to a page!!!

REMEMBER TO PRINT FOR WEDNESDAY

Post your cards when they are done so we can all have a look


]]> 2017-11-03 16:52:14 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203385041 oliviageorgiamoore https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203386266 Lauren and Olivia:
alpha 2,6 sialic acid
alpha 2,3 sialic acid
macrophages
NK cells
Neuraminidase]]> 2017-11-03 16:54:31 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203386266 ivanatalbott https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203661043 *its in the messages section-->*

]]> 2017-11-05 18:11:23 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203661043 ivanatalbott https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203661221 Ivana & Nat
NS1
PAX
Antigenic drift
Antigen shift
NP



]]> 2017-11-05 18:12:32 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203661221 curtis_kunyetu https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203822814 Sorry for the delay
also im not sure about the colour scheme, font and text size but we should probably finalise tuesday evening  so all of themm look the same 

]]> 2017-11-06 11:50:44 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/203822814 curtis_kunyetu https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204073687 What other cards/topics need to be made?:)]]> 2017-11-06 19:17:45 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204073687 curtis_kunyetu https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204324175 https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0264410X07008328/1-s2.0-S0264410X07008328-main.pdf?_tid=e0326e04-c3b9-11e7-9b70-00000aab0f27&acdnat=1510059055_081ea41fe3018fabac517d0aff043579]]> 2017-11-07 13:29:07 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204324175 wilkes847 https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204468474 2017-11-07 17:12:45 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204468474 oliviageorgiamoore https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204547270 Zam, Curtis and Alan... Which cards are you doing? Please all remember to print 10 copies of each card for tomorrows session]]> 2017-11-07 19:25:16 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204547270 curtis_kunyetu https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204596605 I did hemagglutinin then ones for neuraminidase inhibitor and influenza vaccines in general - curtis 

]]> 2017-11-07 21:16:44 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204596605 nathaynes96 https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204598350 2017-11-07 21:22:10 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204598350 oliviageorgiamoore https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204607188 Any chance you can change the word Occurrence to effectiveness ? We all think that would make more sense]]> 2017-11-07 21:53:42 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204607188 curtis_kunyetu https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204608579 does that mean attractiveness is being taken out then? ivana + nat have strength, effectiveness, specificity and occurrence on their cards]]> 2017-11-07 21:58:34 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204608579 boseme https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204613876 2017-11-07 22:18:53 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204613876 oliviageorgiamoore https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204623321 Sorry, that is exactly what I meant, ie what nat have done]]> 2017-11-07 23:06:37 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204623321 curtis_kunyetu https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204748766 2017-11-08 11:17:28 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204748766 wilkes847 https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204799315 NK cells and Neuraminidase top trump cards
They look a bit different on my laptop, all the sizes fit etc. ]]> 2017-11-08 13:51:58 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204799315 ivanatalbott https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204803562
(host)HA-specific antibodies: IgM/IgA/IgG

(host)NA-specific antibodies:

(host)T-cell CD8+

(host)T-cell CD4+

LW (host)Dendritic cells (drive T-cell response)

OM (host)Epithelial cells

OM (host)Mucous 

LW (host)Interferons

(host)Cytokines - which ones released?

(host)IgA & IgG (in mucous) -> preventing haemagglutinin attaching

(host)Hyperreactivity and broncho-obstruction

(host)Apoptosis of host cells 

IT/NH (virus) mutations in CTL

IT/NH epitope of NP - stop recognition from T cells

IT/NH(virus) influenza polymerase complex (PB2, PB1 & PA) - cap-snatching of host RNA

IT/NH(virus)PB2 - limit production of IFN-B

IT/NH(virus)PB1-F2 - limit production of IFN-B

good link for info: http://www.influenzareport.com/ir/pathogen.htm  ]]> 2017-11-08 13:59:50 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204803562 oliviageorgiamoore https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204852494 (we can't edit the post os we are writing ours here) Lauren: Dendritic cells and interferons. Olivia: mucus and epithelial cells.

]]> 2017-11-08 15:12:59 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/204852494 zamarrudqasemi https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205332227 sorry for any inconvenience, as i havnt been active enough with this scale up. i will do CD 8]]> 2017-11-09 15:47:50 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205332227 boseme https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205611448 I will take Mucous and Cytokines if thats ]]> 2017-11-10 09:14:01 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205611448 oliviageorgiamoore https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205633844 It's Olivia, i have already done Mucus, if you look at the previous posts!]]> 2017-11-10 10:42:20 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205633844 boseme https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205659641 Ok, can I just do the cytokines then?]]> 2017-11-10 12:35:38 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205659641 oliviageorgiamoore https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205670467 If possible can you do another one, they don't take much time. Most of us have done 4 or 5 each. It isn't desperate, it's just the more we have the better!]]> 2017-11-10 13:13:42 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205670467 boseme https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205672990 Ok, which of the topics are left as I don't want to start one others are doing.

]]> 2017-11-10 13:20:45 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205672990 oliviageorgiamoore https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205677266 (host)IgA & IgG (in mucous) -> preventing haemagglutinin attaching

(host)Hyperreactivity and broncho-obstruction

(host)Apoptosis of host cells 

(host)T-cell CD4+

(host)HA-specific antibodies: IgM/IgA/IgG

(host)NA-specific antibodies:]]> 2017-11-10 13:33:34 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205677266 zamarrudqasemi https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205692492 2017-11-10 14:14:48 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205692492 zamarrudqasemi https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205692949 2017-11-10 14:15:53 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205692949 zamarrudqasemi https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205694148 zam]]> 2017-11-10 14:18:58 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205694148 boseme https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205700937 I have done apoptosis, CD-4 T cells and cytokines]]> 2017-11-10 14:34:15 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205700937 boseme https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205710772 2017-11-10 14:55:56 UTC https://padlet.com/curtis_kunyetu/vvtnvtuz5uen/wish/205710772