Bridging the Gap: Mental Health Services by Tracy Smolinski-Patterson

Hello &

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Goals:

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Develop an understanding of the importance of screening for suicide risk and mental health disorders as well as self-care deficit.
Utilize evidence-based practice to improve local health outcomes by having local resources for mental health treatment and crisis intervention services.
Understand how to implement the mobile crisis unit and mental health crisis line.
Provide justification to the value of mental health and self-care services.

Supporting Literature

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The Study: Domestic violence victims in shelters: What do we know about their mental health? (2018)
What's Important?

They found that:

Suicide had been attempted at least once by 59.3% of participants.
Out of these participants, 65.7% stated they had attempted suicide after the violence had begun.
Participants were exposed to emotional, verbal, and economic abuse simultaneously. The percentage of those were experienced sexual violence was 78%.
When comparing the suicide attempts with emotion neglect, abuse, and physical abuse there was a significant relationship found of (p=0.002, p=0.002 and p=0.013,) (Akyazi et al., 2018).

Supporting Theories

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Remaining A Resource

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Tracy Smolinski-Patterson MSN, RN, QMHP, QIDP, PMH-BC
MCCMH WEST VDPS RN
Direct Line: 586-747-1186
Tracy.Smolinski@mccmh.net

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"Self-care means taking the time to do things that help you live well and improve both your physical health and mental health" (Avinity, 2023, para. 2).

References

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Adhikari, R. P., Yogi, S., Acharya, A., & Cunningham, K. (2020). Intimate partner violence and nutritional status among Nepalese women: an investigation of associations. BMC Women’s Health, 20(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-00991-x

Akyazi, S., Tabo, A., Guveli, H., İlnem, M. C., & Oflaz, S. (2018). Domestic violence victims in shelters: What do we know about their mental health? Community Mental Health Journal, 54(3), 361–369. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-018-0240-1

Avinity. (2023). Caring for you mental health. https://avinityseniorliving.org/Blog/Caring-for-Your-Mental-Health?gclid=CjwKCAjwpayjBhAnEiwA-7ena-AtT_byt-v4cIu6T5tn0DZbKfZFJPQ8_WEy2XjdorkXXYRxXfI-IhoClHIQAvD_BwE

Brandhorst, S., & Clark, D. L. (2022). Food security for survivors of intimate partner violence: Understanding the role of food in survivor well‐being. Health & Social Care in the Community, 30(6), e6267–e6275. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.14064

Cherry, K. (2022). List of psychological disorders: Mental health conditions fall into several major categories. VerywellMind. https://www.verywellmind.com/a-list-of-psychological-disorders-2794776

Kavak, F., Aktürk, Ü., Özdemir, A., & Gültekin, A. (2018). The relationship between domestic violence against women and suicide risk. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 32(4), 574–579. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2018.03.016

Le, L. K., Esturas, A. C., Mihalopoulos, C., Chiotelis, O., Bucholc, J., Chatterton, M. L., & Engel, L. (2021). Cost-effectiveness evidence of mental health prevention and promotion interventions: A systematic review of economic evaluations. PLoS medicine, 18(5), e1003606. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003606

Macomb County Community Mental Health. (2023a). Macomb County crisis and emergency services. Mccmh.net

Macomb County Community Mental Health. (2023b). Private practice psychiatry and therapy offices.

Mengo, C., Beaujolais, B., Kulow, E., Ramirez, R., Brown, A., & Nemeth, J. (2020). Knowledge and perspectives of domestic violence service providers about survivors with mental health disability. Journal of Family Violence, 35(2), 181–190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-019-00053-3

McLeod, S. (2023). Maslow's hierarchy of needs. https://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html

National Sexual Violence Resource Center. (2023). Find Resources. https://www.nsvrc.org/

Office for Victims of Crime. (2023). Help for Crime Victims.

Poreddi, V., Reddy, S. S. N., Gandhi, S., Marimuthu P., & BadaMath, S. (2021). “Unheard voices”: Perceptions of women with mental illness on nurses screening routinely for domestic violence: A qualitative analysis. Investigacion & Educacion En Enfermeria, 39(3), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iee.v39n3e03

RCB. (2016). Psychotropic Medications.

Semmel, P. (2012). Orem self-care deficit theory. https://www.slideserve.com/preston/orem

Standford University. (2008). PHQ9. https://med.stanford.edu/fastlab/research/imapp/msrs/_jcr_content/main/accordion/accordion_content3/download_256324296/file.res/PHQ9%20id%20date%2008.03.pdf

Taylor, A. K., Gregory, A., Feder, G., & Williamson, E. (2019). “We’re all wounded healers”: A qualitative study to explore the well‐being and needs of helpline workers supporting survivors of domestic violence and abuse. Health & Social Care in the Community, 27(4), 856–862. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12699

University of Washington. (2018). Using the PHQ-9:
A guide for medical assistants, front and back office staff. https://aims.uw.edu/sites/default/files/Talking%20with%20Patients%20about%20the%20PHQ-9_MA%20%26%20Office%20Staff.pdf

Wood, L., Backes, B., Baumler, E., & McGiffert, M. (2022). Examining the impact of duration, connection, and dosage of domestic violence services on survivor well-being. Journal of Family Violence, 37(2), 221–233. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-021-00298-x

What about those who have private insurance?

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1. Utilize Crisis Line
2. See Resource Sheets for Outside Providers

Macomb County Community Mental Health. (2023b). Private practice psychiatry and therapy offices.

Evaluation & Questions?

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Direct & In-Direct Costs

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Le, L. K., Esturas, A. C., Mihalopoulos, C., Chiotelis, O., Bucholc, J., Chatterton, M. L., & Engel, L. (2021). Cost-effectiveness evidence of mental health prevention and promotion interventions: A systematic review of economic evaluations. PLoS medicine, 18(5), e1003606. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003606

A summary of evidence was completed on the cost-effectiveness of mental health promotion and prevention interventions from 2008 to current (time of article 2020).
They identified 65 unique studies, of which, 23 targeted children and adolescents, 35 targeted adults, while the remaining targeted older adults.
"The majority of the studies consistently found that interventions for mental health prevention and promotion were cost-effective or cost saving. The review found that targeted prevention was likely to be cost-effective compared to universal prevention" (Le et al., 2021).

NSVRC

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National Sexual Violence Resource Center
Fact Sheet Links Between Violence and Mental Health.pdf (preventioninstitute.org)

Supporting Literature Part 2

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The Study: The relationship between domestic violence against women and suicide risk. (2018)
What's Important?
They found that:

“The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between domestic violence against women and suicide risk” (Kavak et al., 2018, p. 574).
The study found that DV level of the women were high and the risk for suicide was moderate. A positive correlation was determined between the DVS subscale and the total mean scores of the suicide risk (p<.05). It can be concluded that as women’s exposure to DV increased, the risk for suicide also increased (Kavak et al., 2018).

Supporting Literature Part 3

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The Study: Examining the impact of duration, connection, and dosage of domestic violence services on survivor well-being. (2022).
What's Important?

Research was completed to further investigate the role of survivor advocacy and service duration on DV survivors physical and mental health, needs, and safety (Wood et al., 2022).
The study found that survivors had 72% of their expressed needs met either by the DV program or referral. 75.8% of survivors reported that abuse decreased since they started using DV services. Over 56% of participants reported that they had 4 or more PTSD symptoms. Feelings that a survivor connected with an advocate were high. On average, survivors spent just over 2 hours a week with advocate services. 40% reported engaging in mental health services. Regression modeling indicated longer service duration (p 0.031) and increased connection with advocates (p.004) with being positive associated to getting needs met (Wood et al., 2022).

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Other Supporting Literature

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Those who had ever experienced IPV were more likely to be underweight (Adhikari et al., 2020).
Survivors are experiencing low food security at higher rates (53.8%) than the U.S. average (11.5). The relationship between mental health and food security for survivors shows a positive correlation with PTSD, depression, disability, trouble concentration, decreased well-being, as well as a lack of hope (Brandhorst & Clark, 2022).
Study results indicate that there is a need to further build within to respond to mental health needs of survivors. The results also indicate that there is a need for DV agencies to implement and integrate trauma informed care that promote healing when working with DV survivors who also have mental health disability (Mengo et al., 2020).

Supporting Theories

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