Rationale: This activity activates prior knowledge of the past tense (was/were) in a low-pressure, engaging way. Singing promotes memory retention through rhythm and repetition, while modified lyrics align with the lesson’s grammar focus. For SEN pupils (ADHD), the multisensory approach (audio + movement) helps channel energy productively and primes attention for the lesson.

Rationale: The slides visually reinforce target vocabulary (theatre, morning) and grammar structures (past tense statements). Teacher-led questioning ("Was she in the toilet?") scaffolds understanding through repetition. SEN support (stress balls) provides a tactile outlet to manage impulsivity during Q&A, ensuring participation without overstimulation.

Rationale: This collaborative activity develops listening accuracy and critical thinking. Pupils physically respond with signs, catering to kinesthetic learners and maintaining engagement. Group work fosters peer support, while SEN adaptations (mixed groupings) ensure slower processors can contribute without time pressure.

Rationale: The interactive quiz gamifies learning, motivating pupils to apply grammar rules competitively. Verbalizing answers reinforces speaking skills, while immediate feedback builds confidence. For SEN pupils, the competitive element is structured with peer collaboration to reduce frustration.

Rationale: A quick, inclusive recap where pupils generate examples of past tense sentences. The "volunteer-to-front" format encourages ownership of learning, while scaffolding (teacher prompts) ensures SEN pupils succeed. Rewards (tokens) reinforce positive behavior and participation.

The interactive slides serve as a multisensory tool to actively engage students while reinforcing the lesson's key concepts. By incorporating visual elements, movement, and immediate feedback, the slides cater to diverse learning styles and maintain attention - especially beneficial for pupils with ADHD. The interactive format transforms passive listening into an engaging experience, allowing students to physically demonstrate their understanding through touch or response systems. This approach aligns with cognitive load theory by breaking complex grammar rules into manageable, interactive segments while providing instant reinforcement. For SEN students, the combination of visual support and hands-on participation helps cement learning through multiple pathways simultaneously.

The stress balls serve as a strategic tool to support pupils with ADHD by providing tactile stimulation that helps channel restless energy productively. Squeezing the ball before answering questions creates a routine that manages impulsivity while maintaining focus on listening tasks. This discreet, inclusive adaptation promotes self-regulation and engagement without disrupting lesson flow, benefiting both SEN pupils and the entire class.

The Quizizz activity serves as an engaging formative assessment tool that reinforces grammar concepts through gamification. Its interactive, competitive format motivates participation while providing immediate feedback—crucial for reinforcing correct usage of past tense structures. The platform's self-paced nature accommodates diverse learning speeds, particularly benefiting SEN students who may need more processing time. Visual progress indicators and playful elements reduce anxiety about mistakes, transforming grammar practice into an enjoyable challenge. By digitizing the worksheet format, it also develops students' comfort with educational technology in a low-stakes environment.

Each activity balances explicit instruction (grammar rules) with implicit learning (games, songs), while SEN strategies (movement breaks, visuals, peer support) address ADHD needs. The progression—from warm-up to application—ensures gradual mastery of listening and speaking skills.

The materials in this lesson plan—adapted song lyrics, interactive slides, True/False signs, stress balls, and Quizizz—work synergistically to create a multisensory, inclusive learning experience. The song and slides provide visual and auditory reinforcement of grammar rules, while the kinesthetic tools (stress balls, signs) channel energy productively and boost engagement. Quizizz adds gamified practice with instant feedback, catering to diverse paces and learning styles. Together, these materials scaffold understanding of past tense structures while addressing ADHD needs through movement, interaction, and low-pressure participation—ensuring all pupils can access and retain the lesson's core concepts.