American History Honors by Chase Hogge _ Student - GreenLevelHS

Civilization

cthogge — 2025-08-27 17:14:37 UTC

The process by which a society reaches a higher stage of social and cultural development

mercantilism

cthogge — 2025-08-27 17:16:39 UTC

Economic system where colonies existed to make their mother country rich by supplying raw materials and buying its goods

Columbian Exchange

cthogge — 2025-08-27 17:17:46 UTC

The transfer of plants, animals, people, and diseases between Europe, Africa, and the Americas after Columbus’s voyages.

Indentured Servant

cthogge — 2025-08-27 17:19:08 UTC

An indentured servant was a person who worked for a set number of years in exchange for passage to the Americas.

Chattel Slavery

cthogge — 2025-08-27 17:19:51 UTC

A system where people are treated as property and can be bought, sold, or owned for life

Puritans

cthogge — 2025-08-28 12:46:28 UTC

A religious group from England who wanted to “purify” the Church of England by removing practices they thought were too much like the Catholic Church.

Triangular Trade

cthogge — 2025-08-28 13:00:57 UTC

Trading system between Europe, Africa, and the Americas where goods, enslaved people, and raw materials were exchanged in a three-part route across the Atlantic Ocean.

Encomienda System

cthogge — 2025-08-28 13:01:36 UTC

A Spanish labor system in the Americas where colonists were given control of Native Americans, who had to work for them in exchange for supposed protection and Christian teaching.

Southern Colonies

cthogge — 2025-08-28 13:02:28 UTC

The British colonies in the south (Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia) etc.

Middle Colonies

cthogge — 2025-08-28 13:04:23 UTC

The Middle Colonies were the British colonies (New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware)

New England Colonies

cthogge — 2025-08-28 13:05:24 UTC

The New England Colonies (Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire) were British colonies

Proclamation Line of 1763

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:25:20 UTC

Colonists were not allowed to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains because that land was set aside for Native Americans.

Patriot

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:26:35 UTC

Colonist in America who wanted independence from Britain during the Revolutionary War.

Tory

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:27:36 UTC

Colonist in America who stayed loyal to Britain and the king during the Revolutionary War.

Articles of Confederation

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:29:22 UTC

The first set of rules for how the United States was governed after the Revolutionary War.

Federalists

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:30:08 UTC

People in the early United States who wanted a strong national government.

Anti-federalists

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:30:58 UTC

People in the early United States who did not want a strong national government.

Enlightenment

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:32:08 UTC

A time in the 1600s–1700s when people in Europe and the Americas started using reason, science, and logic to understand the world instead of just trusting tradition or religion.

Albany Plan of Union

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:34:02 UTC

A plan to unite the American colonies for defense and cooperation

Northwest Ordinance

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:35:05 UTC

A law that set rules for how new lands north of the Ohio River could become states.

Newburgh Conspiracy

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:35:58 UTC

A situation near the end of the Revolutionary War where some Continental Army officers were upset because they hadn’t been paid.

Great Compromise

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:37:23 UTC

A plan to settle a big argument at the Constitutional Convention about how states would be represented in Congress.

Three-Fifths Compromise

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:38:00 UTC

A rule made at the Constitutional Convention about how slaves would be counted for representation and taxes.

Salutary Neglect

cthogge — 2025-09-08 17:38:53 UTC

A British policy in the 1600s–1700s where the British government mostly left the American colonies alone.

Political party

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:49:25 UTC

Group of persons organized to acquire and exercise political power

Women's Rights Movement

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:50:09 UTC

The fight for the suffrage (voting) for half of the population

Canals

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:50:31 UTC

Human-made waterways connecting natural bodies of water, very important for early travel

Telegraph

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:50:56 UTC

Machine invented by Samuel Morse that used a system of dots and dashes to send messages across long distances electronically through a wire

Marbury vs. Madison

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:51:13 UTC

Landmark 1803 Supreme Court case in which Chief Justice John Marshall established the principle of Judicial Review

Cotton Gin

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:51:44 UTC

Eli Whitney’s 1793 invention that dramatically improved the speed for processing cotton

Monroe Doctrine

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:53:00 UTC

Warned European powers not to interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere

Interchangeable Parts

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:53:24 UTC

Uniform pieces that can be made in large quantities to replace other identical pieces

Temperance Movement

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:54:17 UTC

Movement dedicated to promoting moderation and, more often, complete abstinence in the use of alcohol

Steam Engine

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:54:37 UTC

A machine that turns the energy released by burning fuel into motion

Democratic Party

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:55:06 UTC

Pro Slavery, favored secession from Union, States' rights, agrarian-oriented, opposed gold standard, supported lowering tariff, and opposed imperialism

Impressment

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:55:21 UTC

The British forcibly enlisted thousands of American men into the Royal Navy from passing ships

Abolition Movement

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:55:37 UTC

Campaign to end slavery

Factory System

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:55:53 UTC

Manufacturing businesses that concentrated all aspects of production under one roof with specialized tasks

Whigs

cthogge — 2025-09-25 17:56:08 UTC

Opposed Jackson's strong-armed leadership style and promoted protective tariffs and federal funding for internal improvements

Manifest Destiny

cthogge — 2025-10-17 13:59:22 UTC

19th century belief that Americans had the God given right to spread across the whole continent

Fugitive Slave Act

cthogge — 2025-10-17 13:59:40 UTC

Required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state

Confederacy

cthogge — 2025-10-17 13:59:58 UTC

Southern half of the country, a group of states trying to separate over the issue of slavery

Compromise of 1850

cthogge — 2025-10-17 14:00:08 UTC

Henry Clay introduced a series of resolutions to avert a crisis between North and South, including multiple measures like admitting California as a free state

Sectionalism

cthogge — 2025-10-17 14:00:38 UTC

Loyalty or support of a particular region or section of the nation, rather than the United States as a whole

Thirteenth Amendment

cthogge — 2025-10-17 14:01:02 UTC

Freed all slaves and abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the United States

Kansas-Nebraska Act

cthogge — 2025-10-17 14:01:49 UTC

Passed by Congress in 1854; allowed people in Kansas and Nebraska to decide on slavery, repealing the Missouri Compromise

Secession

cthogge — 2025-10-17 14:02:10 UTC

When a state attempts to secede from, or leave, the nation it was once a part of

Fourteenth Amendment

cthogge — 2025-10-17 14:02:25 UTC

Granted African Americans citizenship and equal protection under the law

Popular Sovereignty

cthogge — 2025-10-17 14:02:40 UTC

People of a territory should themselves decide the issue of slavery

Union

cthogge — 2025-10-17 14:02:55 UTC

Northern half of the country, a group of states that were generally anti-slavery

Fifteenth Amendment

cthogge — 2025-10-17 14:03:09 UTC

Granted African American men voting rights

Capitalism

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:09:47 UTC

A system of economic production based on the private ownership of property and the contractual exchange for profit of goods, labor, and money.

Muckraking

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:10:10 UTC

When writers sought to expose corruption in big business and government.

Cornelius Vanderbilt

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:10:30 UTC

The railroad owner who built a railway connecting Chicago and New York. He popularized the use of steel rails in his railroad.

Migration

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:10:51 UTC

Patterns of movement across the country, including waves of new immigrants and formerly enslaved people moving toward urban centers.

Andrew Carnegie

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:11:17 UTC

Known as the steel king; he integrated every phase of his steel-making operation and pioneered "Vertical Integration."

Social Darwinism

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:11:35 UTC

The idea that the wealthy and powerful were naturally superior and deserved their success.

John D. Rockefeller

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:11:55 UTC

A man who started from meager beginnings and eventually created an oil empire, organizing Standard Oil and controlling 95% of U.S. refineries.

Gilded Age

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:12:15 UTC

The age between the Civil War and WWI when the American economy grew rapidly and individuals amassed great wealth through monopolies.

JP Morgan

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:12:34 UTC

A banker who financed the reorganization of railroads, insurance companies, and banks; he bought out Carnegie and started U.S. Steel.

Unions

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:12:51 UTC

An organized group of workers that use collective bargaining to improve working conditions.

Titans of Industry

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:13:06 UTC

Positive name for wealthy business owners during the Gilded Age, implying they strengthened the U.S. through business pursuits.

Gospel of Wealth

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:13:23 UTC

The idea that extremely wealthy Americans had a responsibility to spend their money to benefit the greater good.

Robber Barons

cthogge — 2025-11-03 18:13:39 UTC

Negative term for wealthy business owners during the Gilded Age who monopolized industries through unethical practices.

Women’s Suffrage

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:20:10 UTC

The campaign to allow female voters

Alfred Thayer Mahan

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:20:50 UTC

A captain and admiral in the Navy who was a prominent supporter of Imperialism

League of Nations

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:21:13 UTC

International organization founded in 1919 to promote world peace and cooperation but weakened by U.S. refusal to join; precursor to the UN

Stocks on margin

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:21:30 UTC

The practice of allowing investors to purchase a stock for only a fraction of its price and borrow the rest at high interest rates

Prohibition

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:21:49 UTC

The prevention by law of the manufacture and sale of alcohol between 1920 and 1933

Open Door Policy

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:22:01 UTC

The principle that all countries should have equal access to any of the ports open to trade in China

Treaty of Versailles

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:22:19 UTC

The resolution to WWI that squarely blamed Germany by demanding billions in reparations and destroying German military infrastructure

Tariffs

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:22:34 UTC

Tax on imports

Isolationism

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:22:49 UTC

The traditional belief that the United States should refrain from involvement in overseas politics, alliances, or wars, and confine its national security interest to its own borders

Militarism

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:22:59 UTC

The political orientation of a people or a government to maintain a strong military force and be prepared to use it aggressively

Great Migration

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:23:12 UTC

The movement of African Americans from the South to the industrial centers of the Northeast and the Midwest

3 Rs

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:23:25 UTC

A popular way to describe the New Deal, referring to relief, recovery, and reform

Imperialism

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:23:37 UTC

A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically

Nationalism

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:23:54 UTC

Political ideology that stresses people's membership in a nation

Zimmermann Telegram

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:24:11 UTC

A message from Germany to Mexico—decoded and shared by the British—that urged Mexico to invade the US in exchange for German support to reclaim lost territory

Island Hopping

cthogge — 2025-11-25 18:24:23 UTC

American military strategy in WWII to slowly claim territory across the Pacific, leading to the eventual defeat of Japan

Holocaust

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:12:58 UTC

The death and destruction of a lot of Jews and other people by the Nazis during WWII

International Organizations

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:13:50 UTC

Globally centered groups that try to solve world problems

United Nations

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:14:25 UTC

Successor to the League of Nations. Exists to solve the worlds political problems

Breton Woods System

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:16:00 UTC

Created the World Bank and IMF to solve the worlds economic problems

NATO

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:16:29 UTC

Military alliance primarily between the USA and Western Europe

Iron Curtain

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:17:02 UTC

Named by Winston Churchill. The metaphorical demarcation between communism and democracy in Europe

Warsaw Pact

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:17:25 UTC

Military alliance between countries in Eastern Europe and the USSR

Containment

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:17:53 UTC

Theory that communism must be prevented from spreading and the USA must use military force if necessary

Domino Theory

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:18:20 UTC

Belief that if one country becomes a communist, its neighbors will also become communist

Mutually Assured Destruction

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:18:59 UTC

Theory that if one country uses nuclear weapons, others will too, ending the world as we know it

Atomic Bomb

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:19:24 UTC

Significantly more powerful than past weapons. First used in Hiroshima

Nuclear Weapons

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:19:57 UTC

More powerful than atomic bombs. Capable of destroying entire cities and irradiating countries

Great Society

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:20:24 UTC

Created by President LBJ to improve the social welfare safety net in the USA

Brown V Board

cthogge — 2025-12-17 18:20:51 UTC

Supreme Court case that ended the segregation of schools

Reaganomics

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:54:27 UTC

Refers to the economic policies of President Ronald Reagan in the 1980s, emphasizing tax cuts, reduced government regulation, and a belief that stimulating economic growth among the wealthy would benefit the entire economy.

Trickle‑down economics

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:54:43 UTC

an economic theory asserting that benefits provided to the wealthy and businesses will eventually "trickle down" to the rest of the population through job creation and economic growth.

Inflation

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:54:59 UTC

the general increase in the prices of goods and services over time, reducing the purchasing power of currency.

GDP (Gross Domestic Product)

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:55:18 UTC

the total value of all goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time period, serving as a key indicator of economic performance.

Liberal

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:55:31 UTC

individuals or policies advocating for social and economic equality, government intervention in the economy, and progressive social values.

Monetary Policy

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:55:43 UTC

actions by a central bank to control the money supply and interest rates, influencing economic activity by managing inflation, employment, and overall economic stability.

Deregulation

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:56:01 UTC

reducing or eliminating government restrictions and regulations on industries, with the goal of fostering competition and economic efficiency.

Conservative

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:56:13 UTC

individuals or policies favoring limited government intervention, traditional values, and a free‑market approach to economic issues.

Fiscal Policy

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:56:25 UTC

government actions related to taxation and spending to influence the economy, aiming to achieve economic goals such as full employment and stable prices.

Terrorism

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:56:38 UTC

the use of violence or threats to intimidate and create fear for political, religious, or ideological purposes.

Moral Majority

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:56:52 UTC

a political movement in the 1980s, led by religious conservatives, advocating for socially conservative policies and seeking to influence American politics based on moral and religious principles.

Laissez‑Faire

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:57:31 UTC

an economic philosophy advocating minimal government interference in the marketplace, allowing natural market forces to determine prices, production, and distribution.

Globalization

cthogge — 2026-01-12 16:57:49 UTC

the process of increased interconnectedness and interdependence among countries, economies, and cultures through international trade, communication, and cultural exchange.