Chapter 5- Learning Disabilities by Glenda Richard https://padlet.com/f248161/vrzhix3j8f5vgo3k Part 2 of 3 en-us 2020-09-20 21:26:48 UTC 2020-09-20 21:33:17 UTC hello@padlet.com 5. What are some of the most effective current instructional methods utilized with students that have intellectual disabilities? f248161 https://padlet.com/f248161/vrzhix3j8f5vgo3k/wish/762407331 Instructional methods for students with intellectual disabilities ideally include;
A prioritization of academic targets based on an assessment of student’s present levels and interest/aptitude inventory; task analysis and breakdown of the tasks to be learned; guided independent practice in the skills in the context in which they will be used; fading prompts and cueing; contingent reinforcement, timely feedback and error correction; fluency building activities incorporated into lessons; opportunities to use and generalize skills; data keeping to assess learning and performance, as well as to inform teaching (Heward et al., 2018, p.129).


]]> 2020-09-20 21:27:45 UTC https://padlet.com/f248161/vrzhix3j8f5vgo3k/wish/762407331 6. What are the three key components in operationalizing the IDEA definition of learning disabilities? f248161 https://padlet.com/f248161/vrzhix3j8f5vgo3k/wish/762407842
The three components used in operationalizing the IDEA definition of learning disabilities are; a severe discrepancy between achievement and aptitude; an exclusion criteria that the student’s difficulties are not the result of some other issue or condition; a need for specially designed instruction (Heward et al., 2018, p.144).]]> 2020-09-20 21:28:17 UTC https://padlet.com/f248161/vrzhix3j8f5vgo3k/wish/762407842 7. What are the characteristics (in general) of children and youth with learning disabilities? f248161 https://padlet.com/f248161/vrzhix3j8f5vgo3k/wish/762408354
The general characteristics of youth with learning disabilities are; reading problems, written language deficits, math difficulties and underachievement, poor social skills, attention deficit and/or hyperactivity, conduct problems, low self-esteem, but above all else there is an achievement gap (Heward et al., 2018, pp.147-152).]]> 2020-09-20 21:28:52 UTC https://padlet.com/f248161/vrzhix3j8f5vgo3k/wish/762408354 8. What are the suspected causes of learning disabilities? f248161 https://padlet.com/f248161/vrzhix3j8f5vgo3k/wish/762411135 In many cases, the causes of the learning disability is unknown. The etiology or cause may include brain damage or dysfunction due to neurological injury or condition, heredity, as learning disabilities often run in families, or environmental factors such as impoverished social or communication situations or ineffective and inadequate instruction (Heward et al., 2018, pp. 154-155).]]> 2020-09-20 21:31:39 UTC https://padlet.com/f248161/vrzhix3j8f5vgo3k/wish/762411135 9. What are the educational placement alternatives for students with learning disabilities? f248161 https://padlet.com/f248161/vrzhix3j8f5vgo3k/wish/762411693
There is a continuum of placements for students with learning disabilities and one size does not fit all. Taken into consideration are not only the child’s academic needs, but other factors such instructional methods, peer group, behavioral needs, social functioning and emotional considerations. Options include student’s being fully integrated into a general education classroom, having a consult teacher who works in consultation with the general education teacher, pull out to the resource room, or a self-contained special education classroom for part or all of the school day (Heward et al., 2018, pp. 173-174).]]> 2020-09-20 21:32:21 UTC https://padlet.com/f248161/vrzhix3j8f5vgo3k/wish/762411693