Definition: An appeal to the audience's emotions.

Example: A charity commercial showing images of underprivileged children to evoke sympathy and encourage donations.

Definition: An appeal to logic and reason by using facts, statistics, or rational arguments.

Example: "Studies show that people who exercise regularly reduce their risk of heart disease by 50%."

Definition: The urgent situation or reason that prompted the author to write or speak.

Example: A politician delivers a speech about disaster relief after a hurricane devastates a community.

Definition: Placing two contrasting ideas or images close together to highlight their differences.

Example: In A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times."

Definition: A brief reference to a person, place, event, or work of literature, often used to evoke a deeper meaning.

Example: "He has the patience of Job," referring to the biblical figure known for his patience during suffering.

Definition: Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences.

Example: Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech: “I have a dream that one day… I have a dream that my four little children…”

Definition: A metaphor that is developed over several lines or throughout an entire text.

Example: In Shakespeare's As You Like It: “All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players…”

Definition: A rhetorical device where two opposing ideas are expressed in parallel structure to emphasize contrast.

Example: John F. Kennedy’s inaugural speech: “Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.”

Definition: A short personal story used to illustrate a point or inject humor.

Example: During a graduation speech, a speaker might share a story about overcoming challenges in school.

Definition: Using similar grammatical structures or patterns to create rhythm and make ideas more memorable.

Example: “She likes cooking, jogging, and reading.”

Definition: A statement that seems self-contradictory but reveals a deeper truth.

Example: "Less is more."