-       As the demand for housing development increases, the demand/need for natural resources will increase for construction and use.

-       An example is wood as more is needed for furniture.

-       An example is metal/rocks for construction.

Q2. Award 1m for definition, 1m for formal housing, 1m for informal housing. Total 3m.

 

-       Land-use planning refers to guidelines drawn up by planning authorities. (1)

-       Planning authorities typically practice zoning as a planning control tool, which restricts the type of activities and land-use permitted on specific sites. (1)

-       Formal housing occupies zones and areas that are designed for housing development. (1)

-       Informal housing, on the other hand, can occur anywhere regardless of land-use planning guidelines. (1)

-        

-       Formal housing are located nearby/along with other amenities/services, while informal housing tend to be located near industrial areas/factories OR occur anywhere in order to make use of the facilities nearby (1)

-        

Accept other plausible answers that show understanding of how location of formal housing is determined/planned

Accept any of the following. Award max. 3m if no reference to Fig. 1 is made.

 

-       Due to improper disposal of rubbish which can lead to land/water pollution. (1)

-       As humans produce vast amounts of waste, this often ends up in landfills/riverbanks that can lead to land/water pollution. (1)

-       Due to surface run-off from streets and roads, untreated or poorly treated sewage flowing into the river leading to water pollution. (1)

-       OR by the improper disposal of rubbish into water bodies/rivers, leading to water pollution. (1)

-       The burning of fossil fuel for energy use in cities, as well as from motor vehicles, will lead to air pollution. (1)

 

Accept any plausible explanation