https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv Right Realism vs Administrative Criminology en-us 2023-02-22 10:56:57 UTC 2025-11-13 23:39:05 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv/wish/2491119622 (1) why we should make it more difficult for individuals to commit scam?
- because scams are quite hard to detect, there is no way to prevent them
- some scams operate overseas, hence, its difficult to get tougher on the scammers
- difficult to catch the offender sometimes, so there is no point making the punishment tougher if it is difficult to apprehend the offender

how to make it more difficult?
consumer protection (job scams)
- certain verified job portals for people to access
- e.g. job scams, those putting up job offers should go through a verification process, make communication between employers and prospective employees through a specific portal
- educate people (less likely to fall for the scams)
- give victims certain channels to verify the legitimacy of the job offers
love scammers
- make it harder for people to create accounts (more steps to set up an account)
- have greater level of verification
- e.g. submit an image of yourself doing a certain pose/sign

(2) intervention:
- help desk/centre (to help the older generation to verify whether information they receive online are legitimate or not)
- for love scams/ scams that involve the use of a fake account -> make it more difficult for them to create an account (e.g. link to other accounts, google accounts, facebook accounts and singpass?)]]> 2023-02-22 13:02:37 UTC https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv/wish/2491119622 https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv/wish/2491124275 1) Looking in the cyber space, it is hard for agencies to create environmental deterence to prevent scams. Scammers can always look for new loop holes in the cyber space to target on. Scam prevention with this method for some cases would be based on past cases. 

Hence we should get tougher on scammers to deter them to even think of offending. 

2) a. Education - Schools to teach students on the harsh penalty and education the public on how to detech scams 

b. Harsher penalty based on the impact of the scam. E.g. caning and longer imprisonment ]]> 2023-02-22 13:06:53 UTC https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv/wish/2491124275 https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv/wish/2491130043 1) Why Singapore should make it more difficult for individuals to commit scams:

- Difficult to identify/pinpoint offenders (esp international offenders) as they can remain anonymous behind the internet. As much as people may think they are prepared and equipped with knowledge about scams, they may still fall for the scam in the moment as they are caught off guard. Scammers may improvise and come up with new ways to scam others.
- Scammers may be tempted by the convenience of such crimes (cyber scams) as it offers quick money (benefits vs costs -> too attractive of a reward)
- Societal stigma (non-acceptance from society so offenders fall back to what they are familiar with which is committing crimes) 

2) Intervention 1: Developing a voice recognition app (in progress by a govt agency) 
The app can record the tone, speed, and pitch of how a person talks and match it with the person on the other end of the call (during conversation with scammer) to detect impersonation.
-Feasible: Yes, because there is concrete evidence due to technological advancements which makes it easier to track down the scammer
-Sustainability: Helps in the long run
-Implications: Scammers may outsmart the technology after some time, the victim may still experience distress due to the scam call

Other interventions/apps: 
-ScamShield app: Block scam calls, detect scam texts, report scam messages
-2FA: Input code to ensure that you're the person making the authorised transaction
Implications: Minorities who don't have SingPass (e.g. elderly) may be unsure of how to set up/use 2FA


Intervention 2: Impose travel bans against scammers (at scam hotspots in certain areas of China)
Get police officers/enforcement personnel to put up a notice to get the victims to return back home at airports/scam hotspots
-Feasibility: Yes, because it's easily implementable
-Sustainability: Not sustainable, waste of manpower. Scammers can easily change hot spots too. Additionally, the person may actually have a legitimate job offer. 
-Implications: May make the country appear dingy, unsafe for travellers]]> 2023-02-22 13:12:27 UTC https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv/wish/2491130043 https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv/wish/2491130071 Two interventions
 
1) Put scam as a chargeable offence under the penal code and put in higher punishments for scam as a chargeable offence itself. Currently they are charged differently under the penal code. 
e.g:
a) Impersonation scam -> Cheating by impersonation
b) Love scam -> cheating

By categorizing scam as a category, the punishment can be higher than just cheating.

2) Additional Community Work Order (CWO) for offenders after serving their charge.]]> 2023-02-22 13:12:30 UTC https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv/wish/2491130071 https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv/wish/2491130713 Rational choice theory is exemplified when the scammers weighed the risks (penalty) and the benefits (monetary gains) of committing the crime. The main motivation of scammers to take the risk in the conception of innovative and intricate scams to reel in potential victims and yield monetary gains lies in the punishment 

The penalty for aggravated cheating under Section 420 of the Penal Code is a fine and an imprisonment term of up to 10 years. 

The penalty is considered quite insubstantial for an offender would need to only serve 7 years with a display of good conduct and behaviour in prison. 

Harsher penalties would also aid in the regulation of society in the accentuation of what represents appropriate behaviour 


Hence, can consider caning as well as a deterrent factor for potential scammer. Max 6 strokes in comparison to other violent crimes.

Education of the public and general deterrence through reintegrative shaming
- using social media as a platform for the scammers wearing a tag that says I am a scammer who are caught to reenact how they had conducted their scams (people can see the real faces of the scammers)
- this in a way the scammers are performing community service as a way to repay society

]]> 2023-02-22 13:12:58 UTC https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv/wish/2491130713 https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv/wish/2491131956 1) We should make it more difficult for individuals to commit scams as it can be difficult to catch scammers. This is because they are digitally tech-savvy. Making it more difficult for scammers ensures that the root cause of the problem is tackled. Furthermore, having defensible cyber spaces allows the public to feel more secure as the scammers' access to them is not as strong.
2) The first intervention strategy is Action Fraud done by the UK. With this intervention, victims have a single place to report fraud, access practical advice and be referred to Victim Support – whose volunteers have been trained in meeting the needs of fraud victims. 
The second intervention is to improve detection and disruption of scams by investing in counter-fraud professionals and data analytics. This helps to develop new ways to prevent and detect fraud in digital spaces. 
Workshops can be conducted for younger people on how to prevent themselves from getting scammed as they are the ones who are at the highest risk of getting scammed. ]]> 2023-02-22 13:14:05 UTC https://padlet.com/anilsinghsona/vjypeze95v6us7nv/wish/2491131956