Physical Quantities and units & Measurement Techniques by Nurin Khairina https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1 From Group IRP Nurin en-us 2020-05-15 03:46:56 UTC 2025-12-23 06:32:50 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f4a1.png Physical Quantities & Measurement Techniques nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574182321 2020-05-15 03:47:21 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574182321 Measurement Techniques nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574229211 (nurin)]]> 2020-05-15 04:52:08 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574229211 Physical Quantities & Units nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574229803 (nurin)]]> 2020-05-15 04:53:05 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574229803 The Overview ( mindmaps ) nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574230193 2020-05-15 04:53:45 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574230193 Errors and Uncertainties nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574249672 2020-05-15 05:21:50 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574249672 Combining Uncertainties (nurin) nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574250479 2020-05-15 05:23:02 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574250479 nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574251478 nurin]]> 2020-05-15 05:24:27 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574251478 nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574252158 2020-05-15 05:25:29 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574252158 irdina jasri https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574260603 2020-05-15 05:36:26 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574260603 irdina jasri https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574262134 2020-05-15 05:38:27 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574262134 irdina jasri https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574262473 2020-05-15 05:38:53 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574262473 Prefixes nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574263572 2020-05-15 05:40:26 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574263572 Physical Quantities nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574264950 2020-05-15 05:42:19 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574264950 Units https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574265081 2020-05-15 05:42:27 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574265081 Add and subtract coplanar vectors https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574274393 2020-05-15 05:53:51 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574274393 irdina jasri https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574276432 2020-05-15 05:55:39 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574276432 Scalar and Vector https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574281288 2020-05-15 06:00:59 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574281288 Vector as two perpendicular components https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574283089 2020-05-15 06:03:02 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574283089 Measurements nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574283176 2020-05-15 06:03:06 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574283176 Micrometer Screw Gauge (nurin) nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574283622 2020-05-15 06:03:38 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574283622 irdina jasri https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574284599 2020-05-15 06:04:44 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574284599 nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574285355 2020-05-15 06:05:36 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574285355 Example Questions (nurin) nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574286015 The main scale reading is 3 mm while the reading on the drum is 0.46 mm; therefore, the reading is 3.46 mm.]]> 2020-05-15 06:06:16 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574286015 Vernier Caliper (nurin) nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574297330 2020-05-15 06:17:12 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574297330 nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574299359 2020-05-15 06:19:11 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574299359 Example Questions (nurin) nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574300322 The first significant figures are taken as the main scale reading to the left of the vernier zero, i.e. 37 mm. The remaining two digits are taken from the vernier scale reading that lines up with any main scale reading, i.e. 46 on the vernier scale. Thus the reading is 37.46 mm.]]> 2020-05-15 06:20:13 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574300322 Zero Error nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574315044 nurin]]> 2020-05-15 06:34:00 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574315044 Types nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574317374 nurin
  • Positive zero error (should be subtracted from the reading which is measured)
  • Negative zero error (should be added from the reading which is measured)

]]> 2020-05-15 06:35:58 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574317374 Vernier Scale nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574334315 nurin]]> 2020-05-15 06:49:39 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574334315 Micrometer Scale nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574341640 nurin]]> 2020-05-15 06:54:49 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/574341640 Homogenity msyafiq_hasbilah https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586407576 2020-05-21 06:57:22 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586407576 Definiton https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586410043 Homogenity means the unit from left hand-side of equation is the same to right hand-side of equation]]> 2020-05-21 06:59:06 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586410043 Example https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586414522 1/2mv2 = mgh
kg x (ms-1)2 = kg x ms-2 x  m
kgms-2 = kgms-2
Thus, the unit for energy is kgms-2
]]> 2020-05-21 07:02:50 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586414522 UNCERTAINTY FORMULA (syafiq) https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586444744
1. addition
2. subtraction
3. multiplication
4. division]]> 2020-05-21 07:27:47 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586444744 Formula (syafiq) https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586464148
1.Addition/Substraction
2.Multiplication/Division
3.Power]]> 2020-05-21 07:43:01 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586464148 Precision and Accuracy nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586650089 2020-05-21 09:52:50 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586650089 Random Errors nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586651426 2020-05-21 09:53:44 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586651426 Systematic Errors nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586659421 2020-05-21 09:59:30 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586659421 How to Estimate nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586664939 2020-05-21 10:03:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586664939 SI Base units nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586668078 2020-05-21 10:05:35 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586668078 Derived units nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586669757 2020-05-21 10:06:51 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586669757 Meter Rulers nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586675579 ~Kimi]]> 2020-05-21 10:11:11 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586675579 Weighing Balance nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586676012 ~Kimi]]> 2020-05-21 10:11:31 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586676012 Calibration Curves nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586682468 2020-05-21 10:16:16 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586682468 Cathode-ray Oscilloscope nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586684793 2020-05-21 10:17:54 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586684793 Meters nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586692554 2020-05-21 10:24:19 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586692554 Voltmeter nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586695686 2020-05-21 10:26:37 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586695686 Ammeter nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586695908 2020-05-21 10:26:46 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586695908 Galvanometer nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586696394 2020-05-21 10:27:06 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586696394 Description https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586885666 Produces unpredictable deviation from actual value.

~ Amir Irfan, 2020]]> 2020-05-21 12:54:52 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586885666 Parallax error https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586890092 2020-05-21 12:57:42 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586890092 Example https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586896054 ~ Amir Irfan, 2020]]> 2020-05-21 13:01:17 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586896054 https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586899391 This error can be reduced by finding average values in a given experiment.]]> 2020-05-21 13:03:15 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586899391 Examples https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586903980 ~ Amir Irfan, 2020]]> 2020-05-21 13:05:55 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586903980 This is exactly how you would do it https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586908833 ~ Amir Irfan, 2020]]> 2020-05-21 13:08:41 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586908833 Description https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586914869 The calibration curve is a plot of how the instrumental response, the so-called analytical signal, changes with the concentration of the analyte (the substance to be measured). The operator prepares a series of standards across a range of concentrations near the expected concentration of analyte in the unknown.

~ Amir Irfan, 2020]]> 2020-05-21 13:11:57 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586914869 Example https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586917184 2020-05-21 13:12:59 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586917184 Description https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586920525 The cathode-ray oscilloscope (CRO) is a common laboratory instrument that provides accurate time and amplitude measurements of voltage signals over a wide range of frequencies. Its reliability, stability, and ease of operation makes it suitable as a general purpose laboratory instrument.

~ Amir Irfan, 2020]]> 2020-05-21 13:14:55 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586920525 IRL CRO https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586923633 2020-05-21 13:16:32 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586923633 How it works https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586930918 2020-05-21 13:20:27 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586930918 Description https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586950689 A galvanometer is an electromechanical instrument used for detecting and indicating an electric current.

~ Amir Irfan, 2020]]> 2020-05-21 13:30:21 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586950689 IRL Galvanometer https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586952744 2020-05-21 13:31:21 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586952744 Galvanometer vs Ammeter https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586955173 2020-05-21 13:32:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/586955173 Accuracy (nurin) nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587118700 A measure of how close the results of an experiment agree with the true value.

  • When there is high accuracy (accurate shots), there will be small systematic error
  • The accuracy of a reading can be improved by repeating the measurements.
]]> 2020-05-21 14:44:45 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587118700 Precicision (nurin) nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587122320 A measure of how close the results of an experiment agree with each other. It is a measure of how reproducible the results are.

  • High precision implies a small uncertainty and small random error.
  • Precision is how close the measured values are to each other but they may not necessarily cluster about the true value.
]]> 2020-05-21 14:46:18 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587122320 Uncertainty in a Graph (nurin) nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587159608 2020-05-21 15:02:02 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587159608 Definition (nurin) nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587166179 The uncertainty in a measurement can be shown on a graph as an error bar. This bar is drawn above and below the point (or from side to side) and shows the uncertainty in that measurement.]]> 2020-05-21 15:04:55 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587166179 Calculations (nurin) nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587173618 The percentage uncertainty in the gradient is given by
[m1-m2/m=[Δm/m]x100%]]> 2020-05-21 15:08:09 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587173618 nukhairise https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587178173 The line of gradient m is the best-fit line to the points where the two extremes m1 and m2 show the maximum and minimum possible gradients that still lie through the error bars of all the points.

In the example m1 = [43.2-30.8]/10 = 1.24 and m2 = [41.7-32.7]/10 = 0.90.
The slope of the best fit line (m) = [42.4-31.8]/10 = 1.06
In the example the uncertainty is [1.24-0.90]/1.06 = 32%
Alternatively, the value of the gradient can be written as 1.06 +/-0.17

]]> 2020-05-21 15:10:04 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587178173 Defintion (syafiq) msyafiq_hasbilah https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587262947 A voltmeter is an instrument used for measuring electrical potential difference between two points in an electric circuit and the resistance is infinitely large to provide accurate reading since it is connected in parallel unit in V (volt).]]> 2020-05-21 15:47:07 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587262947 Defintion(syafiq) msyafiq_hasbilah https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587267307 An ammeter (from Ampere Meter) is a measuring instrument used to measure the current in a circuit. Electric currents are measured in amperes (A) and the resistance is zero since it is connected in series. ]]> 2020-05-21 15:49:08 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587267307 Difference Between Random Error & Systematic Error https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587729698 Random error : lead to fluctuations around the true value as a result of difficulty taking measurements
Systematic error : lead to predictable and consistent departures from the true value due to problems with the calibration of equipment

~Kimi]]> 2020-05-21 19:29:34 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587729698 Example https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587742661 25 or 26?

~Kimi]]> 2020-05-21 19:37:17 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587742661 Meter Ruler https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587752785 ~Kimi]]> 2020-05-21 19:42:35 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587752785 Ammeter https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587756128 ~Kimi]]> 2020-05-21 19:44:42 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587756128 Description https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587768181 A device used to measure length or distance]]> 2020-05-21 19:52:15 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587768181 Example https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587784506 The smallest scale division is 1 mm. Therefore, the uncertainty ∆x = smallest increment/2 = 1mm/2 = 0.5mm = 0.05cm. In the example, the length of the object would be stated as x = 2.77 cm ± 0.05 cm. ]]> 2020-05-21 20:03:16 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587784506 Description https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587790991 A device used to measure weight or mass]]> 2020-05-21 20:07:20 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587790991 Spring Balance https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587794051 2020-05-21 20:09:19 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587794051 Bench Scales https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587799034 2020-05-21 20:12:49 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587799034 Platform Scales https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587800195 2020-05-21 20:13:40 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587800195 Triple-Beam Balance https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587809188 2020-05-21 20:19:44 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587809188 Calculations https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587815085 ~Kimi]]> 2020-05-21 20:23:47 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587815085 Connection of Voltmeter and Ammeter in a circuit https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587833592 Voltmeter must parallel to the circuit while ammeter must series to the circuit to obtain the  correct value.

~Kimi]]> 2020-05-21 20:35:39 UTC https://padlet.com/nukhairise/vj8sozrystjrtiy1/wish/587833592