The rectus abdominis is a long, flat muscle extending from the sternum (breastbone) to the pubis. It helps support and compress the abdominal wall and aids in expelling breath and waste. It is intersected by a center vertical line and three horizontal lines of tendon. The lowest fibers of this muscle also help in leg movement by assisting in hip flexion and stabilizing the pelvis.

The primary artery in the pelvic area is the internal iliac artery or hypogastric artery. Its origin is from the common iliac artery which splits from the aortic artery just above the pelvis. The hypogastric artery moves down through the suprapubic region, splitting into anterior and posterior trunks. It supplies blood to the lower abdomen, hips, thighs and reproductive organs. The hypogastric artery lies behind the ureter and in front of the iliac vein.

The nerves that serve the muscles and organs of the lower abdominal and pelvic regions begin at the superior hypogastric plexus in the lower abdomen where they split into the left and right hypogastric nerves. These nerves branch through the pelvic region and receive sensory input from the skin, muscles and organs of the lower abdomen. Branches of the hypogastric nerves provide input to these organs and muscles from the spinal column.

The suprapubic region holds the urinary bladder, the sigmoid colon and the upper female reproductive organs. The urinary bladder stores liquid waste as urine for elimination. The sigmoid colon connects the large intestine to the rectum and holds solid waste as feces in preparation for elimination. 

-eGFR so low : When eGFR is very low, generally under 15 mL/min/1.73m2, it can be a sign of kidney failure or serious disease.

 -K+ high: Potassium levels are typically interpreted along with results from other tests done at the same time, such as the results of other electrolyte tests. Low and high potassium levels can be caused by various conditions and diseases. Examples of conditions that can cause high potassium levels include: Kidney disease.

-Na+ high: Help evaluate and monitor a variety of chronic or acute illnesses involving the brain, lungs, liver, heart, kidney, thyroid, or adrenal glands.

-Cl- is high: An increased level of blood chloride (called hyperchloremia) usually indicates dehydration, but can also occur with other problems that cause high blood sodium, such as kidney diesease.

o   pH- LOW (acidosis)

o   PaCO2- LOW (repiratory alkalosis)

o   HCO3- LOW (metabolic acidosis)

o   Base excess- LOW (metabolic acidosis)

o   PaO2- NORMAL

o   O2 saturation – NORMAL

Relation with pt condition

o   Pt have metabolic acidosis as both pH and bicarbonate level is low.

o   Main causes of metabolic acidosis are acute kidney injury and CKD.

o   Metabolic acidosis is characterized by primary reduction in serum concentration of bicarbonate, a secondary decrease in arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2) and a reduction on blood pH

o   it occurs when either an increase in production of nonvolatile acids/loss of bicarbonate from body overwhelms the mechanisms of acid-base homeostasis/when renal acidification meachanisms are compromised.

Interpetration:

o   WBC- HIGH (infection/immune reponse)

o   Hb- LOW (Anaemia)

o   Haematocrit- LOW (low RBC)

o   Platelet- LOW (thrombocytopenia)

Relation with pt condition

o   Acute kidney injury describes as a syndrome by rapid decline in the ability of the kidney to eliminate waste products, regulate acid-base balance, and manage water homeostasis. When this impairment is prolonged and entered chronic phase, erythropoietin secretion by this organ is decreasing and toxic metabolic accumulates and causes hematological changes include decrease of HCT, MCV and RBC and platelet counts

Interpetration:

o   aPTT- HIGH (an abnormality of the intrinsic and final common coagulation pathway)

o   INR- HIGH (blood coagulates too slowly cause high risk of bleeding)

Relation with pt condition

o   Research demonstrated that patients with acute kidney injury can also suffer from coagulation system disorders due to uraemia or anticoagulation during renal replacement therapy.

o   The results revealed that patients with AKI showed endothelial dysfunctions and elevated coagulation.

All the reading is normal except for ALB reading slightly low: Low albumin levels can also be seen in inflammation, shock, and malnutrition. They may be seen with conditions in which the body does not properly absorb and digest protein.

Type B lactic acidosis is not related to delivery of oxygen but reflects excess demand for oxygen or metabolic problems and common cause is kidney or liver disease.. 

in this case, we discused that the the patient is most likely to develop sepsis from the surgery BUT what i have searched it is considered a rare complication of surgery and if it happens it may due to Infection of incision (opening of the skin). this is a life threatening disease as it cause multi organ failure.

Absorption - Bioavailability: 50-60%
Distribution - Minimally bound to plasma protein
Metabolism - Not metabolized by liver
Excretion - By tubular secretion and excreted unchanged in the urine (90%)

Elimination half-life: 4 - 8.7 hrs
Contraindication 

i want to also talk about the mechanism of the endotoxins itself which are:

so yea i hope you are all clear about this part :)

Administration - orally
MoA 

Absorption
Bioavailability: 64-90%

Onset: 24-96 hr

Duration: 24 hr (antihypertensive effect)
Distribution -Bound to plasma protein 93-98%
Metabolism - Extensively metabolized in liver by Cytochrome P450 3A4/5 (CYP3A4/5)
Excretion - urine
Elimination Half-life: 30-50 hr
Contraindication - Dihydropyridine hypersensitivity (which can cause liver damage)
Adverse Effect 

(in this case, the patient is given iv ceftriaxone) 

- should be given after blood cultures is made
-this relates back to the insertion of catheters as it may also complicate to further infection (something to keep in mind) 

that is all for my SLO ! :)

Administration - IV, IM
MoA - inhibiting cell-wall synthesis by binding to 1 or more penicillin-binding proteins; exerts antimicrobial effect by interfering with synthesis of peptidoglycan (major structural component of bacterial cell wall); bacteria eventually lyse because activity of cell-wall autolytic enzymes continues while cell-wall assembly is arrested
Absorption - completely absorbed  intravenously & intramuscularly
Distribution - Distributed throughout body, including gallbladder, lungs, bone, bile, and CSF (higher concentrations achieved when meninges are inflamed); crosses placenta; enters amniotic fluid and breast milk
Metabolism - in liver
Excretion - Urine (33-67% as unchanged drug), feces

Elimination Half-life: 5-9 hr (normal hepatic and renal function); 12-16 hr (mild-to-severe renal impairment)