Russian Revolution by

February Revolvution

canzedamccurdy2 — 2014-10-03 14:40:56 UTC

At the end of February 1917 the workers St. Petersburg and Moscow were on strike and demanding higher food rations. Nicholas II wanted to put down the workers and the Duma. The Duma didn't go through with it and the St. Petersburg citizens took over the capital.

http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/russian-revolution-the-february-revolution-1917.html

Czar Nicholas II

micaiahhauser20 — 2014-10-09 15:55:09 UTC

Czar Nicholas II was born in St. Petersburg in 1868,. Since he was the eldest son of Czar Alexander III, when Czar Alexander died, Nicholas succeeded his father in 1894, having very little experience of government. Czar Nicholas encouraged Russian expansion in Manchuria. This provoked war with Japan in 1904. The resulting Russian defeat led to strikes and riots. In 1915 , Czar Nicholas made the decision to take direct command of the Russian armies, so from that point on, every military failure was directly associated with him. Nicholas II was the last czar of Russia. He was deposed during the Russian Revolution and executed by the Bolsheviks.

October Revolution

canzedamccurdy2 — 2014-10-09 15:58:18 UTC

The October Revolution, which is also referred to as the Bolsheviks Revolution, was the aftermath of the February Revolution. The October Revolution started on November 6 or 7, 1917, when the leftist revolutionaries when against the provisional goverment

http://www.sparknotes.com/history/european/russianrev/section5.rhtml

Joseph Stalin

micaiahhauser20 — 2014-10-10 00:08:04 UTC

Stalin was born to a poor family and became involved in revolutionary politics and crimes at a young age and was exiled, but returned years later. Stalin was appointed People's Commissar for Nationalities Affairs which meant his job was to win over non-Russian citizens of the former Russian Empire. Later, at the Bolshevik Party conference in April 1917, Stalin was elected to the Bolshevik Central Committee with the third highest votes after Zinoviev and Lenin. These three plus Kamenev formed the Central Committee's Bureau. Stalin outmaneuvered his rivals for control of the party. after Lenin died. Joseph Stalin became the dictator of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1929, ordering the executions of any suspected counter-revolutionaries. Stalin was a very cruel leader.

Leon Trotsky

micaiahhauser20 — 2014-10-11 16:33:50 UTC

Trotsky was a troublesome man who was exiled multiple times. Once when exiled in Serbia, he escaped and left his wife and daughters. He escaped to London and lived under the secret identity of "Leon Trotsky"the rest of his life. He was a Bolshevik leader and one of the most prominent figures of the October Revolution. Trotsky closely aligned himself with Lenin and headed the Revolutionary Military Committee, which provided the military muscle for the October Revolution. After the revolution, he was appointed commissar of foreign affair. He led Russia’s negotiations with Germany and Austria for the peace treaty that made possible Russia’s exit from World War I.

Russian Revolution Analysis

micaiahhauser20 — 2014-10-11 18:34:01 UTC

The Russian Revolution of 1917 destroyed the Czarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. In the first event, the Czar was replaced by a provisional government. In the second revolution, the provisional government was replaced with a Bolshevik, or communist, government. The first revolution, led by the Mensheviks, in February happened because the Russian people had obviously lost faith in the Czarist dictatorship of Russia. This phase of the revolution was crucial to the Russian peoples survival because at this time, while Russia was still indulged in the first World War, Germany’s military power outweighed Russia quite drastically. Russia’s casualties were excruciatingly high, and the cost of the war was killing their economy. It was very important for the Russians to do something about their leadership they became absolutely hopeless. The people overthrew the Czar, which demonstrated that if a group of people are under a certain leadership that they don't agree with, it is always possible for them to do something about it, and a provisional government was the settlement. Since nothing majorly changed with the first revolution, the second revolution emerged in October. The Bolsheviks now had their chance to take over the leadership of the country. The October Revolution was led by Lenin and Trotsky. It ended Russia's involvement in the mass slaughter of World War I, it brought a land reform for those living in poverty, and it abolished capitalism and created a socialist system that was capable of turning one of the poorest countries in the world into an industrial powerhouse that was going to be able to take on Nazi Germany. This part of the revolution helped guarantee the Russian people a way back onto their feet after dealing with poverty and hardships for so long. The Russian Revolution was vitally important to the Russian people and to Russia's future. Had this not have happened, I don't know that Russia could have maintained the role in World War I and II that it did, with the type of government and leadership that it started out with. The Russians showed the fight in maintaining some freedom just as America had.

January 1905

canzedamccurdy2 — 2014-10-12 18:10:11 UTC

1905 also known as "Bloody Sunday" was in St Petersburg. Over 150,000 people gathered at six designated areas to present a petition. Dressed in their Sunday best. People, women and children in front, marched carrying icons, crosses, and portraits of the Tsar. Thousands of soldiers were stationed around. While some soldiers fired warning shots some panicked and shot into the crowd. 40 people died.

http://www.historytoday.com/richard-cavendish/%E2%80%98bloody-sunday%E2%80%99-st-petersburg

March 1918

canzedamccurdy2 — 2014-10-12 18:23:37 UTC

On March 3, 1918 Lenin had ordered that the Bolshevik represntatives should begin a treaty from the Germans to bring an end to the war so that the Bolsheviks could concentrate on the work they needed to do in Russia itself.

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/treaty_of_brest-litovsk.htm

November 1918-20

canzedamccurdy2 — 2014-10-12 18:28:26 UTC

During the early 1900's a civil war broke out between the Bolshevikes (reds) and the anti-Bolsheviks (whites) The Whites represented all shades of anti-communism groups. The civil war was complicated by Allied intervention. The Bolshevik military victory was due partly to the lack of cooperation among various White commanders.

http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/russian-revolution-the-civil-war-1918-20.html

December 1922

canzedamccurdy2 — 2014-10-12 18:36:03 UTC

During the Russian civil war the Bolshevik Party dominated the soviet forces, workers and soldiers that called for the establishment of socialist state in the former Russian Empire. In the USSR all government was communist. After the USSR was established the Russian-dominated Soviet Union grew and now is one of the world's most powerful states.

http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/ussr-established

January 1924

canzedamccurdy2 — 2014-10-12 18:48:21 UTC

Lenin died at the age of 53. Trotsky was away and Stalin convinced him it wouldn't be necessary to attend Lenin's funeral. Stalin used that to his advantage and took a public role in the mourning of Lenin. By 1930 Stalin would overshadow the seven members of the Politburo and by 1940 outlive them.

The Kornilov Affair

canzedamccurdy2 — 2014-10-12 20:04:08 UTC

During the Kornilov affair, the provisional government thought that they were under attack by their own army. During the affair, a career officer, General Lavr Kornilov gathered troops and financial support so he could restore order back to Petrograd.

http://alphahistory.com/russianrevolution/kornilov-affair/

July Days

canzedamccurdy2 — 2014-10-12 20:06:10 UTC

The July Days begin in Petrograd on July 3-7, 1917, with spontaneous protests against the Provisional Government; after the Bolsheviks unsuccessfully try to direct these protests into a coup, Lenin is forced into hiding.

http://www.historyinanhour.com/2012/07/16/july-days-summary/

Note on the Russian Calendar

canzedamccurdy2 — 2014-10-12 20:09:07 UTC

Until February 1918, the Western World used the Georgian calender, while Russian used the Julian calender. The Julian calender fell 13 days behind the Georgian calender. Then, on February 1, 1918, Russia switched to the Georgian calender. The only people who didn't switch was the Russian Orthodox Church, who still uses the Julian calender.

http://history1900s.about.com/od/1920s/a/sovietcalendar.htm

Vladimir Lenin

micaiahhauser20 — 2014-10-12 22:10:44 UTC

Vladimir Lenin grew up comfortably as his father was a respected government official of his home. Lenin would've attended a university to gain the highest education, but before he could go his brother was arrested for his Revolutionary beliefs and actions. Vladimir came to a turning point in his life then and devoted his time to furthering his brothers studies and actions. Vladimir grew up to be the leader and founder of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Revolution and was also part of the founding of the Soviet Union. Lenin was exiled in Switzerland during the first revolution, and when he returned he was very hostile towards the idea that there was a provisional government and still some who weren't part of his Bolshevik Party. He organized the October Revolution and this is why he was so prominent in this revolution. He is ultimately what turned Russia into a communist country.

Alexander Kerensky

micaiahhauser20 — 2014-10-12 22:35:51 UTC

Alexander Kerensky was the Prime Minister of the Provisional Government for the time that it was around. He had a comfortable childhood and went to the same school as Vladimir Lenin. He studied law and was a member of Duma as a Democratic Socialist. He lost to the Bolsheviks in winning over the people of Russia. After the October Revolution he went to America and resided as a teacher of Russian History at Stanford.