https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t en-us 2017-04-10 16:16:28 UTC 2017-04-25 20:33:16 UTC hello@padlet.com dportillo19 https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/165717297 "Random drug testing in schools"
http://bjgp.org/content/55/516/499#ref-6  ]]> 2017-04-10 16:24:20 UTC https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/165717297 dportillo19 https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/165926613 "The office of National Drug Conrol Policy in US asserts that random drug testing in schools has ben effective in reducing drug use and, most important;y, deters drug use among adolescents. Drug testing was responsible for a significant eduction in cigarette smoking among 8th grade students (13-year-olds) from 35.% to 24.5%, alcohol use from 39.9% to 30%, and cannabis use from 18.5% to 11.8%."]]> 2017-04-11 16:33:20 UTC https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/165926613 dportillo19 https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/165929457 Drug tests are able to detect narcotics within a subject's system depending on the type of test: Hair samples are able show the use of narcotics within 12 weeks or longer depending on the hair sample, Urine samples are able to detect within 1 to 3 days, saliva is able to indicate within 1 to 36 hours, and perpetration is able to indicate within 1-14 days.]]> 2017-04-11 16:45:14 UTC https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/165929457 dportillo19 https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/165932608 "Alone random testing will not identify all those young people who may benefit from early identification and supportive intervention."]]> 2017-04-11 16:56:35 UTC https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/165932608 dportillo19 https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/166195996 "in an attempt to examine the effectiveness of drug testing, James and Moore studied 296 adolescents who had established drug or alcohol problems attending a treatment centre.7 Drug testing was an effective tool in helping to prescribe appropriate treatment strategies for these young people with pre-existing drug problems. The authors concluded that strategic and focused testing via urine tests could bring about behavioural change."]]> 2017-04-13 04:13:20 UTC https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/166195996 dportillo19 https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/166196018 "The lack of trust implicit on testing must not be underestimated. By subjecting a young person to testing, even with the student's and parental consent, implies a loss of trust. The process of testing may be long and involved with initial screening tests and then confirmatory tests if the result is positive. This process may be harmful for the child, leading him or her to be labeled as a user. If drug testing is introduced it must therefore be supported by treatment and a supportive environment."]]> 2017-04-13 04:13:47 UTC https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/166196018 dportillo19 https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/166196611 "There are significant problems associated with testing. The cheapest form of testing is the low-cost immunoassay urine test, and costs around US$14–30 per test; confirmatory tests also add to the cost. False positives can be found from commonly taken medications: codeine products and poppy seeds can produce false-positive tests for opiates; ibuprofen a false positive for cannabis; and decongestants false positive for amphetamines. Even herbal teas can produce false-positive results. To avoid false positives it would be important to ask the student to list prescribed and non-prescribed medication, creating an additional burden of non-confidentiality."]]> 2017-04-13 04:26:46 UTC https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/166196611 dportillo19 https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/166196786 " Parents and children must receive accurate and detailed information on the school policy; parents must give consent for younger children, with older children giving their own consent if they understand the full implications. All should be fully informed of the problems with biological testing, the course of action that will be taken on the result of a test — this both in terms of disciplinary action but more importantly treatment approaches — and pastoral care and support."]]> 2017-04-13 04:30:18 UTC https://padlet.com/dportillo19/vax693aga23t/wish/166196786