Week 7 Final Exam Review Spring 2026 by Marlena Schultz

Chapter 11

mschultz771_1 — 2025-09-30 21:21:33 UTC

How does an overtriturated amalgam mix appear?

~Ms Marlena

Chapter 18

mschultz771_1 — 2025-09-30 21:21:33 UTC

List the common causes of root sensitivity.

~Ms Marlena

Chapter 8

mschultz771_1 — 2025-09-30 21:21:33 UTC

Place the composite filling steps in the correct order.

a. Apply bonding agent and cure

b. Apply composite and light cure (layers if needed)

c. Apply Etchant

d. Rinse and Dry

e. Isolate Tooth

f. Give post-op instructions and document in treatment notes

g. Patient is given anesthetic and shade is chosen

h. Polish and adjust bite as needed

i. Remove isolation materials.

~Ms Marlena

Chapter 6

mschultz771_1 — 2025-09-30 21:21:33 UTC

How many types of gypsum classifications are there according to ADA specifications?

~Ms Marlena

Chapter 1

mschultz771_1 — 2025-09-30 21:21:33 UTC

Why do we study Dental Materials?

~Ms Marlena

Chapter 16

mschultz771_1 — 2025-09-30 21:21:33 UTC

Label each numbered portion of the diagram.

~Ms Marlena

Chapter 5

mschultz771_1 — 2025-09-30 21:30:10 UTC

List the common uses of alginate impressions.

~Ms Marlena

Over triturated amalgam will look very shiny and overly wet

2026-03-03 18:30:27 UTC

What is amalgam made up of?

- Sarah Treutelaar

1. Cement 2. Restoration 3. Base 4. Liner

2026-03-03 18:37:32 UTC

What are the three uses of IRM?

- Sarah Treutelaar

There are 5 types of gypsum classifications: impression plaster, model plaster, dental stone, die stone- high-strength/low-expansion stone, and die stone- high-strength/high-expansion stone.

2026-03-03 18:49:30 UTC

What method should you use when mixing gypsum?

- Sarah Treutelaar

*Amalgam is composed of sliver-based alloy mixed with mercury

2026-03-03 20:27:06 UTC

How is dental amalgam used as a restorative material in dentistry?

-Alexandria Nowell

Three uses of IRM is temporary cement, temporary restoration and low strength base

2026-03-03 20:45:22 UTC

What is Mixing RelyX used for?

-Alexandria Nowell

Common causes of root sensitivity can be root caries, improper use of brushing teeth, abfraction due to bruxism, erosion by acids, leaking restoration on the root, scaling, and root planing.

2026-03-03 21:13:10 UTC

What are ways to treat tooth sensitivity?

- Sarah Treutelaar

Tooth sensitivity can be treated using potassium nitrate to calm the nerve, stannous fluoride, composite resin or varnish to block the dentin tubules, and mouthguard to prevent grinding.

2026-03-03 23:09:41 UTC

How does fluoride protect the teeth from caries?

-Alexandria Nowell

G,E,C,D,A,B,I,H,F

2026-03-03 23:21:33 UTC

What are the uses of glass ionomer cement restorative materials, and what are their advantages and disadvantages?

-Alexandria Nowell

Common uses of alginate impressions are for permanent restoration such as crowns and bridge procedures. Review Chapter 5 Irreversible Hydrocolloid~Ms Marlena

2026-03-03 23:33:26 UTC

What is wrong with this alginate impression? What would I have done differently?

-Alexandria Nowell

Glass ionomer cements can be used as a luting agent, a liner, a base, and a pit and fissure sealant. It can also be used for temporary restorations or class III and V restorations. Advantages: releases fluoride, binds to enamel and dentin, is biocompatible, and has minimal micro-leakage. Disadvantages: low wear resistance, is weak to high stress areas, and can be sensitive to moisture in the first 24 hours.

2026-03-03 23:58:52 UTC

****Another advantage is that Glass Ionomer has a similar coefficient of thermal expansion as tooth structure. Meaning it will expand and contract similarly in response to hot and cold.****

What are the benefits of a cement that releases fluoride?

- Sarah Treutelaar

We study dental materials to enhance safety, awareness, maintain materials properly, deliver correctly and to educate patients.

2026-03-04 00:10:31 UTC

Chapter 3: Match these key terms below to their correct definition:

A. Permanent Restoration

B. Temporary Restoration

C. Intermediate Restoration

____ restorations expected to last several days or weeks

____ restorations expected to last several weeks to months

___ restorations expected to be long lasting

-Alexandria Nowell

The alginate impression is slightly off-center, and the teeth could have been placed more firmly into the impression.

2026-03-04 14:17:35 UTC

How many scoops of alginate are required for a maxillary and mandibular tray?

- Sarah Treutelaar

B (Temporary restoration): Restorations expected to last several days or weeks C (Intermediate restoration): Restorations expected to last several weeks to months A (Permanent restoration): Restorations expected to be long lasting

2026-03-04 14:21:20 UTC

Which restorative material is the most soluble?

- Lydia Pisarski

Glass ionomer is the most soluble restorative material

2026-03-04 14:32:24 UTC

Ch. 2: What is the difference between direct and indirect restorations?

- Sarah Treutelaar

The benefit of using a cement that releases fluoride is that it has significant anti-carries benefits. It will strengthen the tooth enamel and suppress the growth of bacteria.

2026-03-04 14:39:18 UTC

Which acid is the most commonly used to etch the tooth for a bonding procedure?

- Lydia Pisarski

Direct restorations are immediate, directly into the tooth, and one appointment. Indirect restorations are customized replacements that are made outside of the mouth and usually two appoints.

2026-03-04 15:03:11 UTC

Ch 2: What factors affect bonding strength?

Ava Wroblewski

Maxillary is three scoops and mandibular is two scoops.

2026-03-04 15:12:42 UTC

What are the three key properties of impressions?

-Ava Wroblewski

The method you should use is spatulation.

2026-03-04 15:28:19 UTC

What is the difference between diagnostic casts, working casts, and dies?

Ava Wroblewski

The three key properties of impressions are accuracy, tear resistance, and dimensional stability.

2026-03-04 15:31:27 UTC

Which elastic impression material is the least accurate?

A. Polyvinyl siloxane

B. Polyether

C. Vinyl polyether silicone hybrid

D. Alginate

- Lydia Pisarski

Phosphoric Acid

2026-03-04 15:32:57 UTC

What are the components of composite?

Ava Wroblewski

D. Alginate

2026-03-04 15:35:14 UTC

How does water temperature affect setting time?

-Ellysania Rodriguez

Diagnostic cast are made from dental plaster or stone used for patient education. Working cases made from dental stone that are strong enough to resist the stresses and fabrications an indirect replicas and dies are replicas of the prepared teeth that are generally removable from the working models.

2026-03-04 15:35:44 UTC

Place the Manipulating Gypsum steps in the correct order.

A. Measures out 45 -50 ml of water in graduated cylinder (this may vary depending on lab temperature) and pours into mixing bowl.

B. Weighs out 100g of gypsum into second mixing bowl.

C.Uses spatula to slowly incorporate gypsum into water

D.Adds gypsum to water in steady increments allowing it to settle

E.Mixes until smooth and creamy

F.Donns PPE.

G.Places bowl on dental vibrator and lightly presses and rotates bowl until air bubbles rise to surface

H.Gathers appropriate armamentarium

I. Verbalizes when the mixture would be ready to be used to pour models

-Alexandria Nowell

RelyX is used for the cementation of restorations.

2026-03-04 15:36:50 UTC

What are the properties of luting cements?

Ava Wroblewski

H, F, A, B, D, C, E, G, I

2026-03-04 15:45:10 UTC

What is the part of a study model that holds the teeth and soft tissue?

- Lydia Pisarski

Fluoride interferes with the essential enzyme activity in bacteria. Fluoride travels as hydrofluoric acid and its ions disrupt the ions of the decay causing bacteria ions and causing its death.

2026-03-04 15:45:32 UTC

What is the difference between intrinsic stains and extrinsic stains?

Ava Wroblewski

Dental amalgam is used to fill cavities.

2026-03-04 15:47:57 UTC

What are the three different alloy particle shapes?

Ava Wroblewski

*The three particle shapes are lathe-cut, admix, and spherical alloys.

2026-03-04 15:51:17 UTC

Where should you put scrap amalgam?

- Lydia Pisarski

Intrinsic stains are cause by medical conditions, medication, aging, or trauma. Extrinsic stains are caused by food, tobacco and drinks like red wine or coffee.

2026-03-04 15:53:15 UTC

Why do soft-tissues need to be protected when receiving in-office whitening?

-Ellysania Rodriguez

The properties of luting cements include strength, solubility, viscosity, biocompatibility, retention, esthetics, radiopacity, and ease of manipuilation.

2026-03-04 15:55:29 UTC

Why might you place an insulating base under restorations?

- Lydia Pisarski

An insulating base provides chemical and thermal protection to the pulp.

2026-03-04 16:01:13 UTC

What is Polymerization?

-Ellysania Rodriguez

Soft tissues need to be protected during in-office whitening because if any liquid contacts the soft tissues it can cause a chemical burn and can cause sloughing of the tissue and may be painful.

2026-03-04 16:08:45 UTC

How does fluoride help protect the teeth from decay?

- Lydia Pisarski

Factors that affect bonding strength is moisture control, removal smear layer, and being cured.

2026-03-04 16:13:03 UTC

What's the difference splatter and aerosols?

-Ellysania Rodriguez

Scarp amalgam goes into a designated scrap container and then picked up by a hazardous waste company. It can also be mailed depending on the office's protocol.

2026-03-04 16:26:47 UTC

How long does an amalgam restoration last?

-Ellysania Rodriguez

The components of composites are organic resin matrix that are tooth colored, color pigments, saline coupling agent, and inorganic filler particles.

2026-03-04 16:38:50 UTC

What is the purpose of bioactive dental materials?

-Ellysania Rodriguez

The part of the study model that holds the teeth and soft tissue is the base.

2026-03-04 16:46:58 UTC

Why is it important to use the vibrator after mixing gypsum?

-Ellysania Rodriguez

Splatter is small particles that may contain blood, saliva, oral particulate matter, water, and microbes. Splatter is typically greater than 50um and land quickly. Aerosols are smaller particles that can be airborne for hours and can cause respiratory infection if inhaled.

kburton6_3 — 2026-03-04 20:29:40 UTC

What are the three different types of force? -Kylie Burton

Warm water causes a faster setting time. Cold water slows setting time.

kburton6_3 — 2026-03-04 20:34:37 UTC

What is the difference between a reversible hydrocolloid and an irreversible hydrocolloid? -Kylie Burton

It's important to use a vibrator after mixing gypsum to help release trapped airbubbles. This can help prevent voids in the poured model.

kburton6_3 — 2026-03-04 20:42:25 UTC

How do the properties of gypsum change with more or less water? -Kylie Burton

Bioactive dental materials interact with living tissue and initiate repair or regeneration.

kburton6_3 — 2026-03-04 20:52:16 UTC

What are filler particles composed of? -Kylie Burton

Typically, amalgam lasts 7-15 years. However, some have lasted 40-50 years. There are a lot of factors that affect longevity.

kburton6_3 — 2026-03-04 21:15:50 UTC

Is amalgam considered safe for human use? -Kylie Burton

Polymerization is the forming polymers by chemically linking monomers into long chains. It can be activated by chemicals, heat, or light.

kburton6_3 — 2026-03-04 21:24:29 UTC

What is eugenol good for? -Kylie Burton

Fluoride helps by making it more difficult for acids created by cariogenic bacteria to demineralize the tooth structure and cause caries.

kburton6_3 — 2026-03-04 21:32:57 UTC

What is fluorosis? -Kylie Burton

the three different types are force are compressive force (like biting, posterior teeth are made for this), tensile force (like stretching or pulling an object apart), shearing force (two surfaces sliding in opposite directions against each other, your maxillary and mandibular incisors side against each other to cut food)

2026-03-05 00:01:48 UTC

what are primary and secondary bonds?

Faith Thorson

a reversible hydrocolloid can go back and forth between gel and liquid (it is reversible) and is set by a physical change (temperature). where irreversible hydrocolloid cannot be reversed and is set by a chemical reaction.

2026-03-05 00:12:16 UTC

what are the 4 elastomer materials, and what are the setting reactions of each of them?

Faith Thorson

if execess water if added to gypsum then the mixture will be thinner, flow easier, and set slower, once it has set it will be weaker, less accurate, more porosity, softer, and lightly less setting expansion, and will have voids. but if there is less water added, it will be thicker, harder to mix and pour, sets faster, stronger final cast, less porosity, denser, and slightly more setting expansion. it will have fewer voids, and stronger.

2026-03-05 00:30:13 UTC

what are the properties of model plaster and what is it used for?

****What is dental stone and die stone used for?**** ~Ms Marlena

-Faith Thorson

filler particles are composed of quartz, silica, or glass Do filler particles increase wear resistance or decrease wear resistance?

2026-03-05 00:37:03 UTC

what are the 6 different types of caries and where are they located?

Faith Thorson

amalgam is considered safe, even though it has been questioned in recent years due to the mercury in it, but it is a very small amount that is released but this amount will harm the patient.

2026-03-05 00:47:09 UTC

what is creep?

eugenol is good for soothing the pulp and has antibiotic properties. it's also good for temporary restorations, temporary cementations, and reducing pain. Which product contains eugenol? ~Ms Marlena

2026-03-05 00:56:45 UTC

what are the two categories of luting cements?

Faith Thorson

fluorosis is an enamel condition caused by ingesting excessive fluoride. it looks like little white spots on the surface of the teeth. Can the spots also be brown?* ~Ms Marlena

2026-03-05 01:31:08 UTC

how do you treat intrinsic tooth stains?

Faith Thorson

fthorson — 2026-03-05 01:43:59 UTC

-Faith Thorson

Primary bonds are strong bonds that bind the atoms of the molecule. Secondary bonds are weaker bonds that act as adhesive forces between molecules.

estreator1 — 2026-03-06 21:36:21 UTC

What are the three states of matter?

Emmy Streator

the four elastomer materials are polysulfides, condensation silicones, addition silicones, and polyether's. The setting reaction for polysulfide is condensation polymerization, the setting reaction for polysulfide and condensation silicone are both condensation polymerization. The setting reaction for addition silicone is addition polymerization. The setting reaction for polyether is cationic ring-opening polymerization.

estreator1 — 2026-03-06 22:00:55 UTC

What happens to the impression material when it flows and locks into an undercut?

Emmy Streator

model plaster has a water to powder ratio of .45 ML of water per 100g of powder. It is used for diagnostic casts and articulation of stone casts.

estreator1 — 2026-03-06 22:12:01 UTC

Which gypsum product is the least costly of the 5 gypsum products?

Emmy Streator

creep is the slow deformation of an amalgam restoration due to stress like chewing.

2026-03-07 07:31:53 UTC

What is burnishing?

Emmy Streator

The two categories of luting cements are water-based and resin-based cements

2026-03-07 07:39:11 UTC

What are dental cements composed of?

Emmy Streator

You treat intrinsic tooth stains by whitening materials if they cannot be polished or scaled away.

2026-03-07 07:44:53 UTC

explain the history of peroxide whitening

Emmy Streator

2026-03-08 01:50:27 UTC

Solid, liquid, and gas

Chapter 2

What material is used to prevent caries on the pits and fissures?

Kristen Tobin

2026-03-08 01:57:35 UTC

It hardens, distorts, tears, and must snap

Chapter 5

What kind of impressions can be made with alginate?

Kristen Tobin

2026-03-08 02:02:48 UTC

Model Plaster

Chapter 6

What happens to gypsum when the water to powder ratio is off?

Kristen Tobin

2026-03-08 02:10:54 UTC

Class 1-Occlusal surfaces

Class 2-Proximal molars and premolars **MO, DO**

Class 3-Proximal anterior teeth, no incisal edge **MF, DF**

Class 4-Proximal anterior teeth involving incisal edge **MILF, DILF**

Class 5-Gingival 3rd **L5,B5**

Class 6-Incisals of anteriors and posterior cusps

Chapter 7

How long does etch sit on a tooth before it is rinsed?

Kristen Tobin

2026-03-08 02:16:30 UTC

Burnishing is smoothing the tooth after the composite is packed into it

Chapter 11

What happens when amalgam becomes tarnished?

Kristen Tobin

2026-03-08 02:24:34 UTC

It was known as walking bleach for necrosis teeth and soon carbamide was introduced for whitening in 1990

Chapter 16

How are brackets bonded to teeth?

Kristen Tobin

2026-03-08 02:28:26 UTC

With whitening products in office

****Can home whitening products also be used? **** ~Ms Marlena

What is power whitening?

Kristen Tobin

Unfilled or lightly filled resins

mschultz771_1 — 2026-03-08 04:04:32 UTC

Define viscosity

~Ms Marlena

Power whitening is a procedure that is done in the dental office using a strong light and peroxide to achieve fast results.

mschultz771_1 — 2026-03-08 16:11:50 UTC

Describe the purpose of a sports mouthguard, a space maintainer, orthodontic tooth aligners and a nightguard.

~Ms Marlena

*The amalgam's surface layer becomes oxidized. This does not affect the mechanical properties and be polished off.

mschultz771_1 — 2026-03-08 16:44:46 UTC

*What is corrosion?

~Ms Marlena

15 seconds or according to manufacturer's instructions

2026-03-09 17:43:17 UTC

Explain the setting reaction for restorative compomers

Emmy Streator

2026-03-11 00:07:19 UTC

A liquids ability to resist flow.

List 4 mechanical properties.

Avani

2026-03-11 00:15:22 UTC

Diagnostic study models, orthodontic retainers, whitening trays, and mouth guards.

What are three permanent restorations?

Avani M

2026-03-11 00:18:21 UTC

It will mess up the consistency of the gypsum.

What are study models used for?

Avani M

2026-03-11 00:24:32 UTC

A dual setting mechanism.

Are flowable composites low OR high viscosity?

Avani M

2026-03-11 00:28:32 UTC

.A electrochemical reaction with other metals because of the acid or moisture present in the oral environment.

What is a lathe-cut alloy?

Avani

2026-03-11 00:30:50 UTC

Etching the enamel, applying a primer, and curing an adhesive.

What is buildup?

Avani M

2026-03-11 00:36:14 UTC

Sports mouth guard: protect the teeth while playing sports.

Night guard: protect the teeth from things such as grinding when sleeping.

Space Maintainer: Hold open the space left by the loss of a baby tooth.

Tooth Aligner: Helps straighten teeth.

What is destructive sleep apnea?

Avani M

We study dental materials for efficacy, proper safety protocol, correct use of applying materials, and to improve our patient.

2026-03-11 01:21:44 UTC

what is the difference between elastic and inelastic materials?

halle morgan

common uses for alginate impressions can be, mouth guards, retainers, study models , and orthodontic appliances.

2026-03-11 01:31:55 UTC

what is the correct criteria for evaluating an alginate impression?

-halle morgan

there are 5 types of classifications, those being impression plaster, model plaster, dental stone, die stone, high strength/low expansion, and high strength/high expansion

2026-03-11 01:36:38 UTC

between all of these, which one is most commonly used?

halle morgan

1.patient is given anesthetic and shade is chosen. 2.isolate tooth. 3.apply etchant. 4.rinse and dry. 5.apply bonding agent and cure. 6.apply composite and light cure. 7 .remove isolation materials. 8. polish and adjust bite as needed. 9.give post op instructions and document in treatment notes.

2026-03-11 01:46:18 UTC

what is a primary mechanism to which glass ionomer cements bond to the tooth structures?

halle morgan

It will look more shiny/glossy and wet.

2026-03-11 01:51:05 UTC

why is mercury essential for amalgam?

halle morgan

1. cement 2.restoration 3.base 4.liner

2026-03-11 01:53:22 UTC

what is most used RelyX, or IRM?

Halle morgan

some common causes of root sensitivity can be abfraction, acids, scaling, bristle on tooth brush (aggression), and unprotected tooth roots.

2026-03-11 01:59:51 UTC

can root sensitivity be treated with desensitizing toothpaste?

halle morgan

Week 7 Final Exam Review Spring 2026 by Marlena Schultz

Chapter 11

Chapter 18

Chapter 8

Chapter 6

Chapter 1

Chapter 16

Chapter 5

Over triturated amalgam will look very shiny and overly wet

1. Cement 2. Restoration 3. Base 4. Liner

There are 5 types of gypsum classifications: impression plaster, model plaster, dental stone, die stone- high-strength/low-expansion stone, and die stone- high-strength/high-expansion stone.

*Amalgam is composed of sliver-based alloy mixed with mercury

Three uses of IRM is temporary cement, temporary restoration and low strength base

Common causes of root sensitivity can be root caries, improper use of brushing teeth, abfraction due to bruxism, erosion by acids, leaking restoration on the root, scaling, and root planing.

Tooth sensitivity can be treated using potassium nitrate to calm the nerve, stannous fluoride, composite resin or varnish to block the dentin tubules, and mouthguard to prevent grinding.

G,E,C,D,A,B,I,H,F

Common uses of alginate impressions are for permanent restoration such as crowns and bridge procedures. ****Review Chapter 5 Irreversible Hydrocolloid****~Ms Marlena

We study dental materials to enhance safety, awareness, maintain materials properly, deliver correctly and to educate patients.

The alginate impression is slightly off-center, and the teeth could have been placed more firmly into the impression.

B (Temporary restoration): Restorations expected to last several days or weeks C (Intermediate restoration): Restorations expected to last several weeks to months A (Permanent restoration): Restorations expected to be long lasting

Glass ionomer is the most soluble restorative material

The benefit of using a cement that releases fluoride is that it has significant anti-carries benefits. It will strengthen the tooth enamel and suppress the growth of bacteria.

Direct restorations are immediate, directly into the tooth, and one appointment. Indirect restorations are customized replacements that are made outside of the mouth and usually two appoints.

Maxillary is three scoops and mandibular is two scoops.

The method you should use is spatulation.

The three key properties of impressions are accuracy, tear resistance, and dimensional stability.

Phosphoric Acid

D. Alginate

RelyX is used for the cementation of restorations.

H, F, A, B, D, C, E, G, I

Fluoride interferes with the essential enzyme activity in bacteria. Fluoride travels as hydrofluoric acid and its ions disrupt the ions of the decay causing bacteria ions and causing its death.

Dental amalgam is used to fill cavities.

*The three particle shapes are lathe-cut, admix, and spherical alloys.

Intrinsic stains are cause by medical conditions, medication, aging, or trauma. Extrinsic stains are caused by food, tobacco and drinks like red wine or coffee.

The properties of luting cements include strength, solubility, viscosity, biocompatibility, retention, esthetics, radiopacity, and ease of manipuilation.

An insulating base provides chemical and thermal protection to the pulp.

Soft tissues need to be protected during in-office whitening because if any liquid contacts the soft tissues it can cause a chemical burn and can cause sloughing of the tissue and may be painful.

Factors that affect bonding strength is moisture control, removal smear layer, and being cured.

Scarp amalgam goes into a designated scrap container and then picked up by a hazardous waste company. It can also be mailed depending on the office's protocol.

The components of composites are organic resin matrix that are tooth colored, color pigments, saline coupling agent, and inorganic filler particles.

The part of the study model that holds the teeth and soft tissue is the base.

Splatter is small particles that may contain blood, saliva, oral particulate matter, water, and microbes. Splatter is typically greater than 50um and land quickly. Aerosols are smaller particles that can be airborne for hours and can cause respiratory infection if inhaled.

Warm water causes a faster setting time. Cold water slows setting time.

It's important to use a vibrator after mixing gypsum to help release trapped airbubbles. This can help prevent voids in the poured model.

Bioactive dental materials interact with living tissue and initiate repair or regeneration.

Typically, amalgam lasts 7-15 years. However, some have lasted 40-50 years. There are a lot of factors that affect longevity.

Polymerization is the forming polymers by chemically linking monomers into long chains. It can be activated by chemicals, heat, or light.

Fluoride helps by making it more difficult for acids created by cariogenic bacteria to demineralize the tooth structure and cause caries.

a reversible hydrocolloid can go back and forth between gel and liquid (it is reversible) and is set by a physical change (temperature). where irreversible hydrocolloid cannot be reversed and is set by a chemical reaction.

filler particles are composed of quartz, silica, or glass ****Do filler particles increase wear resistance or decrease wear resistance?****

amalgam is considered safe, even though it has been questioned in recent years due to the mercury in it, but it is a very small amount that is released but this amount will harm the patient.

eugenol is good for soothing the pulp and has antibiotic properties. it's also good for temporary restorations, temporary cementations, and reducing pain. ****Which product contains eugenol?**** ~Ms Marlena

fluorosis is an enamel condition caused by ingesting excessive fluoride. it looks like little white spots on the surface of the teeth. ****Can the spots also be brown?***** ~Ms Marlena

Primary bonds are strong bonds that bind the atoms of the molecule. Secondary bonds are weaker bonds that act as adhesive forces between molecules.

model plaster has a water to powder ratio of .45 ML of water per 100g of powder. It is used for diagnostic casts and articulation of stone casts.

creep is the slow deformation of an amalgam restoration due to stress like chewing.

The two categories of luting cements are water-based and resin-based cements

You treat intrinsic tooth stains by whitening materials if they cannot be polished or scaled away.

Unfilled or lightly filled resins

Power whitening is a procedure that is done in the dental office using a strong light and peroxide to achieve fast results.

*The amalgam's surface layer becomes oxidized. This does not affect the mechanical properties and be polished off.

15 seconds or according to manufacturer's instructions

We study dental materials for efficacy, proper safety protocol, correct use of applying materials, and to improve our patient.

common uses for alginate impressions can be, mouth guards, retainers, study models , and orthodontic appliances.

there are 5 types of classifications, those being impression plaster, model plaster, dental stone, die stone, high strength/low expansion, and high strength/high expansion

1.patient is given anesthetic and shade is chosen. 2.isolate tooth. 3.apply etchant. 4.rinse and dry. 5.apply bonding agent and cure. 6.apply composite and light cure. 7 .remove isolation materials. 8. polish and adjust bite as needed. 9.give post op instructions and document in treatment notes.

It will look more shiny/glossy and wet.

1. cement 2.restoration 3.base 4.liner

some common causes of root sensitivity can be abfraction, acids, scaling, bristle on tooth brush (aggression), and unprotected tooth roots.

Common uses of alginate impressions are for permanent restoration such as crowns and bridge procedures. Review Chapter 5 Irreversible Hydrocolloid~Ms Marlena

filler particles are composed of quartz, silica, or glass Do filler particles increase wear resistance or decrease wear resistance?

eugenol is good for soothing the pulp and has antibiotic properties. it's also good for temporary restorations, temporary cementations, and reducing pain. Which product contains eugenol? ~Ms Marlena

fluorosis is an enamel condition caused by ingesting excessive fluoride. it looks like little white spots on the surface of the teeth. Can the spots also be brown?* ~Ms Marlena