https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b Case Study en-us 2021-03-10 22:47:00 UTC 2024-05-17 03:10:58 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f469-2695.png kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295476540 -Typical: Pathogens include Streptococcus pneumoniae (most common), Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenza, and Staphylococcus aureus (Regunath, 2020). 

-Atypical: Not common and requires additional testing to diagnose, usually presents as a persistent mild case. Pathogens include Legionella, Mycoplasm, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Chlamydia psittaci (Regunath, 2020).  ]]> 2021-03-10 22:51:04 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295476540 kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295486544 Pathogen is usually inhaled or aspirated, adheres to the epithelial of lung and begins the inflammatory process. Inflammatory process results in over stimulation of goblet cells and causes and excessive production of mucus. Mucus and exudate causes edema in the blood-air barrier of the lungs, the alveolar-capillary interface. The edema prevents the alveoli, the functional unit of the lung, to preform adequate gas exchange.   (Capriotti, 2020)]]> 2021-03-10 22:55:18 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295486544 kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295496649 This simply means the pneumonia was acquired in the community rather than the hospital setting.]]> 2021-03-10 23:00:27 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295496649 kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295501523 -Shortness of breathe
-Cough, may or may not be productive.
-Fever and chills
-Pleuritic pain (painful breathing, chest pain, and pain from coughing)
-Lethargy
-Contact with the recently ill, exposure to pollutants, or co-morbid conditions
Note: Patient may report with mild or other less common symptoms. (Capriotti, 2020). ]]> 2021-03-10 23:03:05 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295501523 kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295506465 -Low pulse oximetry.
-Use of accessory muscles to breathe
-Increases respiratory rate
-Signs of cyanosis
-Elevated heart rate

]]> 2021-03-10 23:05:37 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295506465 kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295512106 -Crackles in lungs, caused by the alveoli struggling to open against edema  (Capriotti, 2020).]]> 2021-03-10 23:08:18 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295512106 kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295515740 Diagnosis of pneumonia is dependent on x-ray. ]]> 2021-03-10 23:10:03 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295515740 kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295519579 To determine if the pneumonia is viral or bacterial, a CBC with differential is analyzed.
If atypical pneumonia is suspected additional testing may be needed such as urine antibody screenings and sputum studies.]]> 2021-03-10 23:12:08 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295519579 kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295523257 To treat pneumonia the organism responsible must be identified and treated with the appropriate medications. Usually antibiotics are used for treatment, however, antivirals, antifungals, and steroids can be used if appropriate.]]> 2021-03-10 23:14:04 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295523257 kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295527936 The patient will need to be monitored for adequate oxygenation and may need supplemental oxygen or intubation. Fowler's position to prevent aspiration and improve breathing. Intravenous fluids may also be needed.]]> 2021-03-10 23:16:21 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295527936 kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295540418 Capriotti, T. (2020). In Davis advantage for pathophysiology: introductory concepts and clinical perspectives (pp. 484-485). essay, F.A. Davis.
Regunath, H. (2020, August 10). Community-Acquired Pneumonia. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430749/. 

]]> 2021-03-10 23:22:16 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295540418 kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295545769 Vaccines should be given to all individuals, unless contraindicated, over the age of 65 or with chronic diseases. There are currently two pneumonia vaccines approved by the CDC, pneumovax 13 and Prevnar 23, both are proven to be highly effective.

]]> 2021-03-10 23:25:04 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295545769 kaylawrisner https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295548369 https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/pneumo/public/index.html#:~:text=Prevnar%2013%C2%AE%20%3A%20Doctors%20give,infections%20in%20children%20and%20adults.]]> 2021-03-10 23:26:20 UTC https://padlet.com/kaylawrisner/v68ku5mcbw24k46b/wish/1295548369