Historical Context Timeline by Franchesca Sisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9 Contributing to the nuanced perception of indolence among Filipinos en-us 2023-09-13 09:47:30 UTC 2023-09-13 13:14:02 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f1f5-1f1ed.png Spanish Colonial Period (1565-1898) franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701804516 With Ferdinand Magellan's arrival in the Philippines in 1521, the Spanish Colonial Period began and lasted for approximately 300 years. Spanish colonization and the spread of Christianity were its defining features. Native Filipinos were made to work for Spanish landlords and pay taxes to the Spanish Crown under the encomienda and tribute systems that the Spanish imposed. Due to this, the Spanish aristocracy came to control an extreme amount of land and resources, contributing to economic inequality. The Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade, which connected the Americas to the Philippines, was crucial to trade and commerce at this time.]]> 2023-09-13 09:52:44 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701804516 Pre-Colonial Period (900-1521) franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701808041 The period in the Philippines before the arrival of European conquerors, particularly the Spanish, is known as the Pre-Colonial Period. Many indigenous communities with their own unique cultures, dialects, and socioeconomic systems lived in the Philippines at this time. The mainstays of the economy were subsistence farming, fishing, and trading. Indigenous peoples used a barter system to trade goods and services, using resources like gold, pearls, and agricultural items. Furthermore, regional social structures differed, and many groups followed indigenous faiths and animism.]]> 2023-09-13 09:55:15 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701808041 American Colonial Period (1898-1946) franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701810531 After the Spanish-American War, when the Philippines came under American rule, the American Colonial Period began. The introduction of Western-style education by the American colonial administration had a profoundly transformative effect on the intellectual and cultural advancement of the Filipino people. English became a common language in administration, the media, and the medium of instruction. Despite efforts to modernize, industries like agriculture continued to use unethical labor practices and frequently put workers through difficult working circumstances.]]> 2023-09-13 09:57:00 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701810531 Japanese Occupation (1941-1945) franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701810763 The Philippines were invaded and occupied by Japan during World War II, a time period known as the Japanese Occupation. At this time, the Philippines was subject to terrible economic hardship and oppression. Japanese culture, including its use of forced labor and language, was imposed. Resistance movements were also created by the occupation, which helped Filipinos feel more united and patriotic.]]> 2023-09-13 09:57:13 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701810763 Post-World War II and Independence (1946-Present) franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701811068 In 1946, the Philippines declared its independence from the United States, ushering in a new era of nation-building and self-governance. There have been actions to revive the economy and expand it beyond agriculture. The country has participated in international commerce and economic alliances despite facing political difficulties like corruption and political instability. In the years following independence, attempts at cultural revitalization and preservation have tried to advance indigenous languages and traditions.]]> 2023-09-13 09:57:29 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701811068 Key Events during Pre-Colonial Period franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701950735 - Numerous indigenous communities with unique agricultural and trading systems lived in the Philippines.
- There were trade networks with the surrounding areas, including China and other Southeast Asian nations.
- Filipinos worked in agriculture, fishing, and handicrafts to sustain and support their communities.]]> 2023-09-13 11:57:15 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701950735 Key Events during Spanish Colonial Period franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701951372 - With Ferdinand Magellan's arrival in 1521, Spanish colonization began.
- Indigenous people were compelled to work on Spanish-owned estates under the encomienda system, which was established by the Spanish.
- Native Filipinos were compelled to work on public projects and provide services under the polo y servicio labor regime.
- Religious conversion and cultural assimilation were forced upon the Filipino people.]]> 2023-09-13 11:57:45 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701951372 Key Events during American Colonial Period franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701951675 - Following the Spanish-American War, the Treaty of Paris in 1898 resulted in American authority over the Philippines.
- Public education and contemporary infrastructure were implemented by the American colonial government.
- During this time, discrimination and labor exploitation against Filipinos remained.]]> 2023-09-13 11:58:01 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701951675 Key Events during Japanese Occupation franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701952423 - During World War II, the Japanese occupied and invaded the Philippines.
- Under Japanese administration, Filipinos experienced forced labor, massacres, and difficult living conditions.
- Significant suffering and Filipino resistance were visible during the time.]]> 2023-09-13 11:58:46 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701952423 Key Events during Post-World War II and Independence franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701952804 - On July 4, 1946, the Philippines declared their independence from the US.
- The country experienced both political and economic difficulties, including corruption, political instability, and an unequal distribution of wealth.
- The country's development was impacted by numerous political and economic regimes.]]> 2023-09-13 11:59:04 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701952804 Cultural Shifts during Pre-Colonial Period franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701953444 - Indigenous cultures have a wide range of ethnic groups and languages, as well as a wide range of civilizations.
- Communities each had their own distinct traditions, beliefs, and practices.
- With a variety of ceremonies and practices, indigenous religions and animism played a vital role in daily life.
- Diverse geographical regions had diverse social structures and political regimes.]]> 2023-09-13 11:59:32 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701953444 Cultural Shifts during Spanish Colonial Period franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701953863 - The Spanish conversion to Christianity had a significant influence on Filipino religion and culture.
- Many indigenous customs were combined with Christian principles, giving rise to distinctive Filipino religious rites and festivals.
- The introduction of the Spanish language and Latin script had an impact on the growth of the Filipino languages.
- The art and architecture of Europe have been incorporated into Filipino culture.]]> 2023-09-13 11:59:51 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701953863 Cultural Shifts during American Colonial Period franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701954343 - Western-style education was introduced by the American colonial administration, and this had a long-lasting influence on the intellectual and cultural advancement of the Filipinos.
- English became a common language in administration and the media as well as the medium of instruction.
- Aspects of American culture, such as basketball and American-style holidays like Halloween, were adopted by the Philippines.
- Urban areas in the Philippines were impacted by Western consumerism and fashion.]]> 2023-09-13 12:00:11 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701954343 Cultural Shifts during Japanese Occupation franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701954632 - Local languages and cultures were eradicated as a result of the Japanese occupation, and Japanese culture and language were enforced.
- During this time, the Filipino people faced hardship and resistance, which strengthened their sense of national identity and unity.]]> 2023-09-13 12:00:24 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701954632 Cultural Shifts during Post-World War II and Independence franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701955010 - Interest in Filipino identity and culture grew over the years following independence.
- Indigenous languages and traditions have been preserved and revived.
- The Philippines adopted a democratic form of governance and established independent judicial and political structures.
- Globalization and cultural exchanges with nearby countries have an impact on music, visual arts, and popular culture.]]> 2023-09-13 12:00:44 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701955010 Economic factors during Pre-Colonial Period franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701956680 - The main economic activity were subsistence farming and fishing.
- Indigenous peoples traded with other islands in the archipelago as well as with countries nearby like China and Southeast Asia.
- Barter systems were frequently used for trade, using commodities like gold, pearls, and agricultural goods.
- Social hierarchies governed how resources were allocated and who had access to what.]]> 2023-09-13 12:01:43 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701956680 Economic Factors during Spanish Colonial Period franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701956939 - Encomienda, a system created by the Spanish that exploited native labor for the benefit of Spanish landlords, led to economic inequality.
- Filipinos were obligated to pay taxes to the Spanish Crown under a tribute system.
- There were few economic opportunities for Filipinos because Spanish elites controlled much of the land and resources.
- With the aid of the Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade, the Philippines and the Americas were connected economically and valuable products could be traded.]]> 2023-09-13 12:01:57 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701956939 Economic Factors during American Colonial Period franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701957305 - Infrastructure growth and some modernization were brought about by American colonial rule.
- Agriculture that is focused on exports, particularly for crops like sugar, tobacco, and hemp, has grown in importance.
- The "sacada" method in sugarcane farms is one example of a labor practice that led to the exploitation of Filipino workers.
- The introduction of public education facilitated the development of a more skilled labor force.]]> 2023-09-13 12:02:16 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701957305 Economic Factors during Japanese Occupation franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701957567 - The Philippine economy was interrupted by the Japanese occupation, which resulted in financial hardship and a shortage of resources.
- Under Japanese administration, forced labor was used against the Filipino people.
- During this time, informal economies and black markets arose.]]> 2023-09-13 12:02:29 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701957567 Economic Factors during Post-World War II and Independence franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701958626 - The Philippines rebuilt its economy throughout the post-independence era.
- Aiming to expand the economy beyond agriculture, efforts were made to promote the manufacturing and service sectors.
- The Philippines established commercial ties and trade agreements with a number of countries.
- Political instabilities and problems with corruption have occasionally hindered economic development.]]> 2023-09-13 12:02:45 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2701958626 franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2702039301 According to Banzuelo (2021), Jose Rizal's explanation of the impacts of perceived indolence is complex and applies to both the Filipino setting and more general historical narratives. The problematic environmental factors of the Philippines, such as the tropical climate and the frequent natural disasters, which present barriers to long hours of labor, are highlighted by Rizal's study of indolence within the Filipino context. He did, however, add that the repressive laws imposed by a select few meant that the fertile land did not benefit the common people. He criticizes individuals who exaggerate laziness, saying that rather than being the main reason for underdevelopment, it is fostered and magnified.]]> 2023-09-13 12:54:36 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2702039301 franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2702045475 Banzuelo, N. (2021). The relevance of Rizal’s Indolence of the Filipino. BusinessWorld Online. https://www.bworldonline.com/opinion/2021/12/26/419978/the-relevance-of-rizals-indolence-of-the-filipino/]]> 2023-09-13 12:58:34 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2702045475 franchescasisor https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2702057241 The Indolence of the Filipino by Jose Rizal
"La Indolencia De Los Filipinos"]]> 2023-09-13 13:05:12 UTC https://padlet.com/franchescasisor/v41xsqbyg54og8s9/wish/2702057241