Graphic Designs ,
Digital marketing ,
Writing and translation,
Video Animation,
Music and Audio,
Programming and Tech,
Business,
Fun and Lifestyle,
Article writing ,
etc  .

1.     Rules that were breached; 

 

·        Principles of the multilateral trading agreement, was breached as it entails that all member states abide by the following basic principles of the WTO/GATT system: 

 

i.                   Non-discrimination in trade among nations 

ii.                Protection through tariffs only 

iii.             Maintaining predictability through binding of tariffs 

iv. Progressive liberalization of trade through negotiations 

v. Promoting fair competition in trade in the world market 

vi. Encouraging development and economic reforms among members 

 

·        The trade without discrimination

Most importantly, this principle of non-discrimination in trade is embodied in provisions relating to (i) Most Favoured Nation (MFN) Treatment and (ii) National Treatment. It required that all members are treated equally without any prejudice or any form of discrimination. Hence, no special favours is allowed to be granted to any particular country above the other.

·         The national treatment principle

The states that imported products are to be treated equally in the domestic market than the local products. Etc.

 

 

2.     Actions i can take to rectify the situation for my business ;

·        Contact the regulatory bodies WTO / GATT, as the Article IV of GATT

Was breached. PROTECTION AGAINST THRE

AT FOR UNFAIR IMPORTS causing ‘’dumping’’. 

·        Consult a compliance experts / legal personal, to seek professional advice.

·        Keep evidence of the total events as they unfolded. 

Will contact the Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs), as they regulate to see that all member state are they in conformity with Free Trade Agreements (FTAs).

 

3. Potential consequences for fictionaria
 
The regulatory bodies will have to sanction fictionaria for breaching the WTO principles and agreement, and would ask to pay a fine. She might face the consequences of such breach in remedies, dispute settlemrnt. The bodies will decide on the appropriate remedies, payment of damages.

 

Analysing the CISC , in details , and having both parties' ideas in mind, in answering the set questions and quoting the relevant CISG provisions where needed ; 

 

1 . 

The UK is not part of the CISG, as the ministers do not see the ratification of the convention as a legislative priority. Hence since ratification would need legislation and the CISG must take its place in the queue with the many other priorities for the UK government. It is not considered a priority for the ministers to ratify the convention as its failure to implement or ratify does not in any way affect the uk economy. Presently, it is believed that business is not suffering, so when raised, it is not considered as an issue which needs urgent ratification. In 1989, after many formal consultations on whether the cisg should be ratified, 1,500 documents was issued and only 55 responses ,with 28 in favour for ratification and 17 against and 10 on grounds of neutrality. It will be argued that the outcome of the documents and low responses, given the technical nature of the subject and its relatively uncontroversial nature were as a result of some very large and influential organisations were against the ratification of the convention. Such are companies like ICI, BP, and SHELL . 

 

According to a Sally Moss article from 2006, it supported the idea that there is no parliament time to introduce the CISG, as it is not in any way their priority, even if there are arguments supporting why it would be a good thing to adopt the convention. The Danish company must ensure that the CISG applies, as this allows the ability to do business with clients from all over the world without having to worry about local, internal legal parameters relevant to the business. The Danish company must ensure that the standard and set rules which are applicable to the contract of services or contract for products are applied. 

 

2. 

The CISG creates a standard rule which is applicable to a contract for services or a contract for the products , since it allows and provides the elimination of the red tape required to do business, it then helps in the growth of every business irrespective of how many times the business is been transacted between the parties involved. It does not set or create limits to the number of times business can be done but rather supports and empowers the successful continuity of contracts amongst business partnerships. 

 

3. 

I will make sure that the CISG legislation rules concerning shipment of goods are respected and abided to, accordingly as stated in article 35 and the sub-sections. I will make sure that shipments are flexible, with some types of products in one shipment, others in another, as stated in the contract agreed upon by both parties. Conditions and terms of the shipments/products will be drafted in the contractual statement, clarifying the standards and rules expected for the shipment in line with the CISG recommendations and legislations. 

 

 

 

4. 

Payments would be done frequently as requested and required by the Danish company in order to speed up production. A legal binding contract concerning the payments will be drawn, as a breach after payments have been done with cause the Danish company a legal consequences leading to a breach of contract. 

 

5. 

Knowing that the UK standards are different to the Danish, i will clearly specify in the contract the expected standard of goods expected in accordance to the CISG standard terms which are the requirements for international sales contracts. This entails the legal scope of the application of the CISG, the validity exceptions in Article 4, consequences for the standard terms in a cisg contract, the general principles, making the terms available, the language issue and the battle of the forms. Finally, i will ensure that the drafted contract is in accordance with the quality standards of the particular product, complying to the stipulated expected standard here in the Uk and the consumers.