How languages are learned. Chapter one. by Paula Leal https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv en-us 2020-05-05 22:15:13 UTC 2020-05-06 00:17:47 UTC hello@padlet.com In language learning there are always new approaches, methods and text books. Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553362962 2020-05-05 22:17:09 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553362962 This padlet is based on a research on language learning in early childhood, first language acquisition and human development Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553364135 2020-05-05 22:18:09 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553364135 There is a similarity in the early language of children all over the world Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553366380 2020-05-05 22:20:02 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553366380 THERE ARE MANY DEVELOPMENTAL SEQUENCES Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553367613 2020-05-05 22:21:03 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553367613 1° involuntary crying, coing and gurling sounds Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553371131 2020-05-05 22:24:22 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553371131 Babies are capable to define auditory discrimination (they need to interact with a human speaker) Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553372152 2020-05-05 22:25:19 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553372152 By the end of first year, most children understand a few repeted words Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553373995 2020-05-05 22:27:07 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553373995 12 month baby begins to reproduce a word or two Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553375707 2020-05-05 22:28:43 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553375707 Two year old baby can produce 50 different words and begins to combine words creatively Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553376231 2020-05-05 22:29:13 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553376231 At the age of three years begins the discovery of language, here, predictable patters are in emergence and development Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553379187 2020-05-05 22:31:29 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553379187 Stages in language acquisition are related to children´s cognitive development Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553381062 2020-05-05 22:33:10 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553381062 14 gramamatical morphemes are acquired in a similar sequence: Present progressive, plurals, irregular past forms, possesive, copula, articles, regular past, third person singular simple present and auxiliary "be" (1960 brown´s research) Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553383001 2020-05-05 22:34:47 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553383001 NEGATION Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553387988 2020-05-05 22:39:22 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553387988 It takes time until children can express negation in sentences Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553389207 2020-05-05 22:40:33 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553389207 Stage 1: "no" Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553389884 2020-05-05 22:41:13 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553389884 Stage 2: "Mommy no" (in this stage don´t may be included) Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553390120 2020-05-05 22:41:25 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553390120 Stage 3: "Mommy don´t touch" (more complex sentences, can´t or don´t may be included) (don´t yet vary these forms for different person or tenses) Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553391769 2020-05-05 22:43:00 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553391769 Stage 4: Children begin to attach the negative element to the correct form of auxiliary verbs Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553394054 2020-05-05 22:45:15 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553394054 QUESTIONS Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553395116 2020-05-05 22:46:17 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553395116 There is a predictable pattern in which "WH" words emerge Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553395671 2020-05-05 22:46:47 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553395671 "what" is the first word, "where" and "who" emerge soon and "why appears at the end of the second year Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553396919 2020-05-05 22:48:03 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553396919 Stage 1: Cookie? Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553397959 2020-05-05 22:48:59 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553397959 Stage 2: You like this? Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553398298 2020-05-05 22:49:19 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553398298 Stage 3: Can I go? Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553398659 2020-05-05 22:49:39 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553398659 Stage 4: More variety in auxiliars than in stage 3, "do" can be added where there is no need Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553399386 2020-05-05 22:50:25 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553399386 Stage 5: "wh" and "yes/no" questions are formed correctly, negative form may still be difficult Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553400664 2020-05-05 22:51:33 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553400664 Stage 6: Children are able to form all question types Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553401736 2020-05-05 22:52:36 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553401736 The Pre-School Years Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553402399
  • Children´s efford is spent in their abilities to use language in a widening social enviroment
  • They interact more with unfamiliar adults
  • The begin to understand when an why language varies and develop metalinguistic awareness
    • ]]>     2020-05-05 22:53:14 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553402399     The school years Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553405170
  • Pre-learned abilities expand and grow
  • Children learn to read and reading leads to more metalinguistic knowledge
  • They see and understand words, letters and symbols
  • Discover things like ambiguity
  • They have access to jokes and riddles
  • Conversations with parents and relatives are more fluent (acquisition of different language registers)
  • Vocabulary growths significantly
    • ]]>     2020-05-05 22:56:00 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553405170     EXPLANATIONS OF LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553411830 2020-05-05 23:01:41 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553411830 Behaviourism (1940/1950 U.S.A) Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553412612
  • Children imitate the languages around them until they formed habits of correct language use.
  • Imitation and practice
  • Environment as a source of everything the child needs to learn
    • ]]>     2020-05-05 23:02:29 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553412612     Innanist perspective (1959 Noam Chomsky) Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553415107
  • All human languages are based on some innate universal principles
  • Children biologycally programmed for language
  • Children are born with an specific innate ability to discover for themselves the language system 
  • Enviromens as only a basic contribution

    • ]]>     2020-05-05 23:04:59 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553415107     Psicologist (importance of the enviroment and the acquisition of language) Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553418740
  • Piaget (1952) explains that the cognitive development and the language acquisition go all together
  • Vygotsky (1978) says that language develops primarily from social interaction (this interaction must be with a human interlocutor)
    • ]]>     2020-05-05 23:08:37 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553418740     Language acquisition "used-based" Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553422504
  • Children create networks and asociations (cognitive linguistics)
  • This deppends on child´s general abilities
  • Children learn language gradually
    • ]]>     2020-05-05 23:12:13 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553422504     Language desorders and delays Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553424602
  • Some of them can be: deafness, articulatory problems, autism or dyslexia
  • Sometimes affects language development
  • Most children produce recognizable first words by 12 month, but, some may not speak at age of 3
    • ]]>     2020-05-05 23:14:16 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553424602     Childhool bilingualism Lealpaula https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553427040
  • The development of bilingual or second language learning children is of enormous importance
  • Knowing more than one language can enable kids to more work opportunities and more easy learning in future
  • Simultaneous bilingualism: children who are exposed to more than one language virtually from birth
  • Sequencial bilingualism: children who are exposed to a second language after they have acquired a first language 
    • ]]>     2020-05-05 23:16:24 UTC https://padlet.com/lealpaula/v37l54gzzlsqfizv/wish/553427040