My funky padlet by Grace Manley

200 million years || First Stars ||

gracem27_2 — 2024-02-01 16:14:42 UTC

At this time the gas in the universe was not distributed evenly, with dense cool clouds of gas. when the clouds grew larger their gravitational pull attracted additional space matter. with the additional matter, the clumps grew denser and more compact causing them to heat up. they became hot enough that nuclear fusion occurred in their centers. they tuned into the first stars.

https://universe.nasa.gov/universe/basics/#:~:text=Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis-,Big%20Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis,soup%20of%20light%20and%20particles.

big bang

gracem27_2 — 2024-02-01 16:14:48 UTC

10^-32s or 13.8 billon years ago ||Cosmic Inflation||

gracem27_2 — 2024-02-01 16:27:56 UTC

Cosmic Inflation is when the universe rapidly expanded faster than the speed of light for a fraction of a second. Scientists do not yet know what happened before the inflation or what caused it. however, they believe that inflation explains many of the characteristics and aspects of our universe today.

https://universe.nasa.gov/universe/basics/#:~:text=Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis-,Big%20Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis,soup%20of%20light%20and%20particles.

a few minutes ||Nucleosynthesis ||

gracem27_2 — 2024-02-01 16:46:05 UTC

approximately 1 second after the Big Bang, the universe consisted of an extremely hot soup made of light and particles. In the following few minutes, protons and neutrons clashed and produced the earliest elements. they were hydrogen, helium, little bits of lithium, and beryllium. after about 5 minutes the universe had cooled down enough to stop further element creation. Even though the universe cooled down it was still too hot to form complete atoms.

https://universe.nasa.gov/universe/basics/#:~:text=Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis-,Big%20Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis,soup%20of%20light%20and%20particles.

380,000 years ||Recombination||

gracem27_2 — 2024-02-01 16:47:20 UTC

before the Recombination period, the universe was opaque because the electrons created a fog of scattered light. however when the universe cooled down enough for the atomic nuclei could capture electrons, there were no more stray electrons to scatter light and the universe became transparent as we know it today. the formation of the atoms produced a small light. this glow can still be detected today and is called the cosmic microwave background.

https://universe.nasa.gov/universe/basics/#:~:text=Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis-,Big%20Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis,soup%20of%20light%20and%20particles.

After that || Dark Ages ||

gracem27_2 — 2024-02-05 15:18:30 UTC

After the cosmic microwave background, the universe became opaque because hydrogen atoms absorbed the light. for the next 200 million years the universe was dark.

https://universe.nasa.gov/universe/basics/#:~:text=Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis-,Big%20Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis,soup%20of%20light%20and%20particles

less than 1 billion || Reionization ||

gracem27_2 — 2024-02-05 15:31:12 UTC

This period is when the ultraviolet light that was emitted by stars slowly broke down and ionized hydrogen atoms. through this process of breaking down hydrogen atoms, the universe is filled with gas and becomes transparent again to how we know it to look today.

https://universe.nasa.gov/universe/basics/#:~:text=Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis-,Big%20Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis,soup%20of%20light%20and%20particles

the future

gracem27_2 — 2024-02-05 15:33:05 UTC

scientists now know that the universe is expanding faster. they believe this is because of a mysterious substance called dark matter. dark matter is a substance that doesn't interact with electromagnetic forces.

https://universe.nasa.gov/universe/basics/#:~:text=Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis-,Big%20Bang%20and%20Nucleosynthesis,soup%20of%20light%20and%20particles

https://home.cern/science/physics/dark-matter#:~:text=Unlike%20normal%20matter%2C%20dark%20matter,to%20have%20on%20visible%20matter.