• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

APA Style:

“[Insert exact quote here]” (Author Last Name, Year, p. #).

Example:
“Marriage was not primarily for individual benefit but a way of raising capital, constructing political alliances, and organizing the division of labor” (Coontz, 2004, p. 976).

meta dimensions of solitary than with their relationship with their fathers”(Merril Silverstein and Vern L. Begtson 1997).

APA Style:

“[Insert exact quote here]” (Author Last Name, Year, p. #).

Example:
“Marriage was not primarily for individual benefit but a way of raising capital, constructing political alliances, and organizing the division of labor” (Coontz, 2004, p. 976).

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

Relationships in American Families"By Merril Silverstein and Vern L. Bengtson. The article talks about children and their relationships with their parents. A section in the article talks about how when a child becomes a young adult and still runs back to their parents for help"It is important to note that functional solidarity is measured as bidirectional flow of assistance since adult children tend to rely on parents for help as much". That shows no matter how old you are, your parents are willing to lend a helping hand.

In chunk six of “The World Historical Transformation of Marriage” by Stephanie Coontz, it explains that although divorce rates have declined, it doesn't necessarily suggest that relationships have improved. Rather, fewer people are choosing to get married at all. The section highlights major shifts in gender roles, with women no longer confined to the role of housewives but increasingly becoming equal parents and supporters. It also addresses the backlash against same sex marriage, driven by the fear that it would undermine traditional marriage. Funny enough, their attempts to prevent gay marriage led to a rapid increase in same-sex marriage, fueled by fear and urgency. Ultimately, Coontz argues that while gay marriage has contributed to changes in marriage, it is primarily heterosexual couples who have transformed the meaning and structure of modern marriage. 

"Some of the problems experienced by children from divorced families might have occurred even had the parents stayed together."

The article quotes, "In fact, past studies show that familistic attitudes remain strong,even as familistic behaviors decrease, suggesting that attitudes and behaviors follow unique developmental courses" (Sabogal et al., 1987).

"It may be these characteristics of the adults in the family, rather then single parenthood per se, that make them less likely to get or stay married and more likely to raise children who exhibit behavior problems."

2) "But as industrial capitalism developed with it;s low wages, obstacles to upward mobility, and poor working conditions, marriage became an attractive alternative to working fo many white woman"

"throughout the past half-century, single motherhood has been more common among women with less education than amoug well-educated women." (cherlin,2005,#38)

This just shows how reliable and unbiased the organization is.

-"This is a textbook example of how academic and clinical experts make a difference outside the ivory tower. It is a prime example of why intellectual work, studying and writing about people, matters. Our goal is to bring cutting-edge research and clinical expertise to all Americans so that people understand their own lives".

This shows their goals for their writing and how it and others alike are important.

"With their newfound freedom, black men and women shared a common dream of living as free people... the freed slaves particularly welcomed the opportunity to marry, a right that had been denied to them" (Franklin, in Risman, Ch. 7, 2010, pg. 66).

"It is possible, though, that some of the negative effects of divorce and single parenthood come from the fact that these households have lower incomes, and that consequences of low income in terms of reduced resources are responsible, at least in part, for children's difficulties" ( Philip A Cowan).

APA Style:

“[Insert exact quote here]” (Author Last Name, Year, p. #).

Example:
“Marriage was not primarily for individual benefit but a way of raising capital, constructing political alliances, and organizing the division of labor” (Coontz, 2004, p. 976).

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

• "divorce transmission has weakened"

• "decline in divorce transmission could be due to inadequate adjustments"

  
  

  Summary:

  This article talks about the high rates of divorce, and what trends in marriage changed overtime that might've caused this. All information about the trends in marriage are through documentation and studies.

"We argue that income inequality has led to delays in marriage among both advantaged and disadvantaged women, which should increase nonmarital childbearing, all else equal" (McLanahan & Percheski, 2008, pg. 260).

of two children who lives in a small brick row

home located in the high-poverty, high-crime

neighborhood in which she grew up. Danielle

dropped out of high school in the 10th grade,

which is all too common in the Philadelphia

neighborhood where she resides. Pregnant''(,Edin and kiss, 2010,pg460).

APA Style:

“[Insert exact quote here]” (Author Last Name, Year, p. #).

Example:
“Marriage was not primarily for individual benefit but a way of raising capital, constructing political alliances, and organizing the division of labor” (Coontz, 2004, p. 976).

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

Quotes:

"...the effect of parental divorce remained fairly constant for marriages contracted between 1959 and 1984, a finding again suggesting no trend by marriage cohort in intergenerational transmission of divorce"(Li & Wu, 2008, p.875).

"We show that modeling the probability of divorce via logistic regressions yields Wolfinger's finding of a declining trend of divorce transmission, but modeling divorce risks using a Cox proportional hazard model suggests no trend in divorce transmissions"(Li & Wu, 2008, p.876).

"These results may support the traditional social learning hypothesis that males are socialized by larger society to become violent, whereas females are socialized to become victims"(Smith‐Marek et al., 2015, p. 511).

"A total of 39 studies were included in the 200 study, which found a small to moderate relationship between being raised in a physically violent home and later involvement in a violent marital relationship." (Smith-Marek, 2015, p. 499)

"Children experiencing physical abuse and later involvement in violent intimate relationships" (Smith-Market et al.. 2015, pg 499)

''behavior. We found strong evidence that fathers differ from nonfathers in their social connections, family relationships,

and work behavior''(David J,2001,P.381).

" First many canocial writers and texts sociological theory both classics and more contemporary landmarks texts have not made such domestic violance a central concern" (Hearn, 2012,p 153)

"Among these institutions are state policies that formalize ties between members of nonmarital families," (Judith A. Seltzer, 2000, p.1247 )

"the quality of the father-child bond, that shields adolescents from engaging in problem behavior" (Princeton.edu, 2020)

"Investing resources in better data on nonmarital families acknowledges that cohabitation and childbearing outside of marriage are important aspects of U.S. family life" (November 2000)

"... direct involvement and, to a lesser extent, the quality of the father-child bond, that shields adolescents from engaging in problem behaviors" (Gold, J.Edin, J. Nelson, 2020, pg. 16).

"Merely having one's father in the household may not be the answer to reducing problem behaviors among youth." (Princeton.edu, 2020, page 16)

2.) "Grandparents may help parents by providing child care while receiving financial support from parents" (Amorim, 2019, p. 134)

"This movement towards the monopoly power of the state is of great significance in reactions to violence against women's intimacy, including state responders to such violence."

(Hearn, 2012).

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

APA Style:

“[Insert exact quote here]” (Author Last Name, Year, p. #).

Example:
“Marriage was not primarily for individual benefit but a way of raising capital, constructing political alliances, and organizing the division of labor” (Coontz, 2004, p. 976).

"Recent studies show evidence that lesbian couples tend to distribute housework, paid work, and child-care duties across the couple using an 'ethic of equality' that is drawn from lesbian-feminist ideologies" (R. Moore, 2009, p. 216).

APA Style:

“[Insert exact quote here]” (Author Last Name, Year, p. #).

Example:
“Marriage was not primarily for individual benefit but a way of raising capital, constructing political alliances, and organizing the division of labor” (Coontz, 2004, p. 976).

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

"Feeling racially alienated in lacking access to a community of others who possessed insight into their experience of race was a pattern threaded throughout all interviews" (Samuels, 2009).

"Occasional school field trips are not enough to change a child's fundamental outlook on life. The children of the wealthy have a valuable leg up in today's educational rat race." (J & Kaufman, 2006, pg 48)

"The compensation and family quality mechanism hypothesizes interdepencence between immediate and extended family members characteristics" ( Mads Maier Jaeger).

"Parents, through the choices and decisions they make for themselves and their children, influence how their children grow and develop overtime" (Furstenberg, 1999).

" documenting that young people who live in alternetive families reside with a single parent or a stepparent have more problems in school than do those who live in two biological- parent families"

( Astone & Mclanahan 1991)

-DAYANA

"... family structures and dynamics in childhood have lasting effects not only into adolescence and early adulthood but throughout the life course, even affecting later life risk for chronic diseases and mortality" (Umberson & Thomeer, 2020, p. 15).

“ It may be useful to remember that immigrants have historically faced similar barriers identified in the literature today” (Jennifer E. 2010).

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

APA Style:

“[Insert exact quote here]” (Author Last Name, Year, p. #).

Example:
“Marriage was not primarily for individual benefit but a way of raising capital, constructing political alliances, and organizing the division of labor” (Coontz, 2004, p. 976).

"... among female-headed families with children, there is no direct relationship between race and living in extended families, controlling for other factors. Rather, the relationship is indirect" (Hofferth, 1984, p. 804).

"Notice, however, that personal finance, happiness and life goals, and health are much more prominent meaning that the topics often arise in conjuction with other primary sources" ( Small, 2013,p 477)

• DAYANA

"There is a significant but small direct negative relationship between race and receipt of money. Blacks are much less likely to receive money; whites are more likely to receive money." (Sandra L. Hofferth).

"Among families with only one child ot two children, receipt of money and extendedness are strongly inversely related. Families who receive money are less likely than average to share living quarters; those who do not receive money likely to be extended" (Hofferth, 1984, p.800)

"gay and lesbian individuals may fear and experience profound rejection, even violence, from loved ones when their sexuality is disclosed" (Oswald, 2002)

• The article “____” by ____ explains that ____.

• The author argues that ____.

• This reading focuses on ____ and shows ____.

• In the past ____, but today ____.

• ____ leads to ____.

• Overall, the article helps us understand ____.

APA Style:

“[Insert exact quote here]” (Author Last Name, Year, p. #).

Example:
“Marriage was not primarily for individual benefit but a way of raising capital, constructing political alliances, and organizing the division of labor” (Coontz, 2004, p. 976).

"..suggesting that parents learn from past experiences with one child in ways that helped them manage relationships with later children as they hit a potentially troublesome time" (Crosnoe & Cavanagh, 2010, p.600).

"as is evident from this review, the education and incomes of parents are important factors in understanding the developmental implacations of other aspects of family status. Fourtunalatly, efforts to adress selection baises have also extended to reaserch on these status indicators." (corsnoe & Cavanagh, 2010, p.598)

"The endogeneity problems endemic to research on children and adolescents are especially pronounced in studies of family processes."

• "Studies that consider dimensions of mothers' employment suggest that whatever benefit that work and additional income may offer"

• "A series of studies have also explored how maternal employment effects vary by children's developmental stage."

"The childrens rights council represented mostly middle-class, divorced fathers insisting on rights to custody and visitation"(Ooms,2019,p.9)

"recent rapid changes in family structure and gender roles create uncertainty and confusion about whether and how to respond" (Ooms, 2019).

"Family members interact in ways that, on one hand, reflect their genetic dispositions and experiences in the social world and that, on the other hand, affect what happens next to everyone involved" (Crosnoe & Cavanagh, p. 605).

(Ooms, 2019, p, 2)

"In my view, an additional reason is the tendency to sugarcoat family issues- to describe families always in saccarine terms and fail to openly acknowledge the ambavalent feelings and dark sides of family life."

(Ooms, 2019, p, 3)

"A family’s economic disadvantage affects child/adolescent well-being by influencing or altering interpersonal dynamics within the family"(Crosnoe & Cavanagh, p.604)

"A growing body of research on fathers and fatherhood contributed to the founding of several organizations that led to the emergence of the multi pronged responsible fatherhood "movement", focusing especially on sub-populations of fathers who where disconnected from their children for different reasons" (Ooms, 2019)