Meet Your Neurons! by https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg The body's sophisticated messengers en-us 2022-06-21 02:41:26 UTC 2022-06-26 22:17:51 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f9e0.png Who are they? project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227326140 Neurons are information messengers. They use electrical impulses and chemical signals to transmit information between different areas of the brain, and between the brain and the rest of the nervous system.

In a nutshell, the body and mind communicate through neurons. ]]> 2022-06-22 01:44:26 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227326140 Neurons: Who are they and what do they do? project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227333568 - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (Apr. 2022) 

Brain Basics: The Life and Death of a Neuron Retrieved from: https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/patient-caregiver-education/brain-basics-life-and-death-neuron#:~:text=Neurons%20are%20information%20messengers.,rest%20of%20the%20nervous%20system.



- Neuro Transmissions (Sept. 20, 2015) What is a Neuron? [Video] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDpydfpEads 

]]> 2022-06-22 01:52:11 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227333568 What do they do? project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227336527 The basic functions of neurons are:  
  • Receive signals (or information). 
  • Integrate the received signals (to determine if the information should or should not be transmitted). 

Remember: 
A group of neurons forms a nerve.
  • Communicate signals to target cells (muscles, glands or other neurons). 
]]> 2022-06-22 01:55:39 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227336527 project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227341877 While they have the common features of a typical cell, they are structurally and functionally unique from other cells in many ways. All neurons have three main parts: 1) dendrites, 2) cell body or soma, and 3) axons. Besides the three major parts, there is the presence of axon terminal and synapse at the end of the neuron.]]> 2022-06-22 02:01:14 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227341877 A closer look: Anatomy of a Neuron project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227345421 Sciencefacts.Net (2020) Parts of a Neuron and Their Function Retrieved from: https://www.sciencefacts.net/parts-of-a-neuron.html

]]> 2022-06-22 02:04:45 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227345421 Types of Neurons by Structure project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227419057 Bipolar neurons are relatively rare. They are sensory neurons found in olfactory epithelium, the retina of the eye, and ganglia of the vestibulocochlear nerve.

Unipolar neurons are sensory neurons with cell bodies located in spinal and cranial nerve ganglia.

Multipolar neurons are the most common type of neuron. They are located in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and in autonomic ganglia. Multipolar neurons have more than two processes emanating from the neuron cell body.]]> 2022-06-22 03:13:11 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227419057 Types of Neurons by Function project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227426958
Sensory Neurons
Sensory neurons (sometimes referred to as afferent neurons) are nerve cells which carry nerve impulses from sensory receptors towards the central nervous system and brain. When these nerve impulses reach the brain, they are translated into ‘sensations’, such as vision, hearing, taste and touch.



Motor Neurons
Motor neurons (also referred to as efferent neurons) are the nerve cells responsible for carrying signals away from the central nervous system towards muscles to cause movement. They release neurotransmitters to trigger responses leading to muscle movement.



Relay Neurons
A relay neuron (also known as an interneuron) allows sensory and motor neurons to communicate with each other. Relay neurons connect various neurons within the brain and spinal cord, and are easy to recognize, due to their short axons.





]]> 2022-06-22 03:22:05 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227426958 All for One and One for All: Types of Neurons by Structure project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227430291 Fletcher, Baitz (2004) Nervous Tissue Histology Retreived from: http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/neurLab1/index.html


]]> 2022-06-22 03:25:52 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227430291 All for One and One for All: Types of Neurons by Function project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227431208 Guy-Evans, O. (2021, Feb 15). What is a neuron? Function, parts, structure, and types. Simply Psychology. www.simplypsychology.org/neuron.html]]> 2022-06-22 03:27:01 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227431208 What are Neurotransmitters? project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227899210 A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger that carries, boosts, and balances signals between neurons (also known as nerve cells) and target cells throughout the body. These target cells may be in glands, muscles, or other neurons.


How do they work?
In most cases, a neurotransmitter is released from what's known as the axon terminal after an action potential has reached the synapse, a place where neurons can transmit signals to each other.

When an electrical signal reaches the end of a neuron, it triggers the release of small sacs called vesicles that contain the neurotransmitters. These sacs spill their contents into the synapse, where the neurotransmitters then move across the gap toward the neighboring cells. These cells contain receptors where the neurotransmitters can bind and trigger changes in the cells.

After release, the neurotransmitter crosses the synaptic gap and attaches to the receptor site on the other neuron, either exciting or inhibiting the receiving neuron depending on what the neurotransmitter is.



]]> 2022-06-22 14:04:44 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227899210 What is a Synapse? project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227899982 (Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?)v=fdhzNYJH7eA)


In a nutshell...

  • A synapse is the small gap between two neurons, where nerve impulses are relayed by a neurotransmitter from the axon of a presynaptic (sending) neuron to the dendrite of a postsynaptic (receiving) neuron. It is referred to as the synaptic cleft or synaptic gap.
  • During synaptic transmission, the action potential (an electrical impulse) triggers the synaptic vesicles of the pre-synaptic neuron to release neurotransmitters (a chemical message).
  • These neurotransmitters diffuse across the synaptic cleft (the gap between the pre and post-synaptic neurons) and bind to specialized receptor sites on the post-synaptic neuron.
  • If the neurotransmitter is excitatory (eg. noradrenaline) then the post-synaptic neuron is more likely to fire an impulse. If the neurotransmitter is inhibitory (eg. serotonin) then the post-synaptic neuron is less likely to fire an impulse.
  • The excitatory and inhibitory influences are summed to determine whether/how frequently the neuron will fire (summation). At the dendrites, the chemical message is converted back into an electrical impulse and the process of transmission occurs again.
]]> 2022-06-22 14:05:44 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227899982 Connecting the Dots: Neurotransmitters and Synapses project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227909369
  • Guy Evans (Feb. 2021) What happens at The Synapse? How Neurons Communicate With Each Other. Retrieved from: https://www.simplypsychology.org/synapse.html

    • Cherry (Jul. 2021) The Role of Neurotransmitters. Retreived from: https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-a-neurotransmitter-2795394

    ]]>     2022-06-22 14:16:09 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227909369     project87 https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227966781 When it comes down to neurons and their role in the Nervous System, the most relevant aspect to consider is the transmission of information that occurs in the synapses, as this is the site where information on the mind-body connection is communicated. This aspect of neuron activity is vital for our existence and survival. ]]> 2022-06-22 15:19:47 UTC https://padlet.com/project87/uzaf608lny3ywffg/wish/2227966781