Case Study: Timeline of Imperialism in..... (Jasmine Ribeiro) by Jasmine Ribeiro

Leading up to colonization:

ribeirojasmine — 2024-05-07 12:10:13 UTC

In the 14th century, as the Kongo people moved south into northern Angola, The Kongo Kingdom was developed and had become the most powerful estate. By this time there were several large kingdoms like the Kongo and Ndongo kingdoms who were actually rivals. There were also smaller states that were scattered around the larger kingdoms, sometimes they would stay independent but, sometimes they would fall under control of the larger kingdoms. These estates were the Bailundu, Ciyaka, and Kwanhama.

Secured colonization:

ribeirojasmine — 2024-05-07 12:10:36 UTC

In 1483, the Portuguese navigators had reached Kongo, the most powerful estate in the region, and then they entered diplomatic relations with the kingdom. Later, the king converted to Christianity, and his son even took the name Afonso I, this basically created a permanent connection with the country and the religion. This is what essentially became the starting point of Angola's colonization

Methods to control, oppress and exploit Angola.

ribeirojasmine — 2024-05-07 13:15:47 UTC

Throughout the 16th century, the Portuguese started to take control of Angola by slowly starting to take control of the coastal area by using treaties and wars however, this interest slowly was redirected to the slave trade. By the 19th century Angola became the largest source of slaves for the Americas and the Portuguese had eventually taken control of it.

Resistance from the Portuguese

ribeirojasmine — 2024-05-13 13:16:05 UTC

Angola resisted the Portuguese colonization by using geographical challenges, indigenous resistance techniques like the guerrilla warfare and spiritual leadership, economic defiance, revolts, and rebellions. Overall the resistance became stronger due to unity among the tribes, external support from other nations, and global pressure.

Decolonization

ribeirojasmine — 2024-05-13 13:16:17 UTC

Angola's decolonization process began through multiple diplomatic negotiations, armed struggle, and international pressure. These processes later led to the Alvor Agreement in January of 1975, this was the key to the liberation of Angola but, there were disagreements between idependence movements that slowly turned into a civil war which caused Portugal to back out. This meant that the MPLA, Movement for the Liberation of Angola, were finally able to get independence on November 11th of 1975.