History of biotech - lisa and santos by Yulisa Vasquez https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e History of biotech timeline en-us 2022-08-22 18:12:39 UTC 2022-08-26 03:09:40 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f3e5.png 2008 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267755605 who - Martin chalfie, roger tsin, osamu shimatu  

what - GFP exhibits bright green fluorescence when exposed to light in the blue to ultraviolet range. traditionally refers to the protein first from  jellyfish 

fact - contains 238 amino acids residues ]]> 2022-08-22 18:21:10 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267755605 500 B.C yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267759741 who - the Chinese

what - the first antibiotic using soybeans curds.

fact - its a fungus that produces penicillin ]]> 2022-08-22 18:24:37 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267759741 1976 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267763460 Human Genome 

who - 20 institutions in 6 countries

what - nucleic acid sequence of a genetic code 

fact - Costed 3 billion dollars, and completed in June 2000]]> 2022-08-22 18:27:55 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267763460 December 1987 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267770044 CRISPR - Cas9

who - Emmanuelle charpentier 

what - gene editing technology, 2 components, and allows modifications to the genome 

fact - adapted as a naturally occurring genome editing system that bacteria use as an immune defense. 

]]> 2022-08-22 18:33:15 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267770044 1987 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267775442 CRISPR

what - a genetic engineering tool that uses a CRISPR sequence of DNA and its associated protein to edit the base pairs of a gene

who -Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna 

fact - first able to be able to snip in 2011]]> 2022-08-22 18:38:20 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267775442 1857 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267778795 Fermentation 

what - caused by organisms, kills microbes and perverse certain products 

who - louis pastear

fact - ]]> 2022-08-22 18:41:07 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267778795 1982 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267781559 U.S food and drug administration

who - Eli Lilly and Company's Humulin,

what -  the first human insulin for diabetes treatment created using recombinant insulin DNA technology, growth hormone for children with growth hormone deficiency. It was the first recombinant biotech drug to be manufactured and marketed by a biotechnology company

fact - they used e coli to produce the insulin ]]> 2022-08-22 18:43:52 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267781559 1421 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267902699 principal of patenting an organism

who - Filippo Brunelleschi

what -  an accepted practice, a living being is considered to be a product of nature  that has been  artificially generated by genetic modification or other techniques,

facts - not only plants can be pattened but also nonhuman animals. ]]> 2022-08-22 20:55:32 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267902699 1984-86 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267910076 who- dolly the sheep

what - Dolly was cloned from a mammary gland cell taken from an adult Finn Dorset ewe.

fact- first mammal to be clones from an adult cell.  she was named after the country singer Dolly Parton.]]> 2022-08-22 21:05:26 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267910076 1990 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267919126 who- christian hansen

what - pure fermentation-produced chymosin are ideal milk-clotting enzymes delivering superior properties for cheese 

fact- high cheese quality ? Nothing else found. ]]> 2022-08-22 21:19:39 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267919126 October 1990 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267920694 Human Genome 

who- James watson 

what- coding regions of DNA which encode all the genes (between 20,000 and 25,000) of the human organism,

fact - ]]> 2022-08-22 21:22:14 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2267920694 2017 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2268166310 Car T Therapies

who - Food and drug administration

what -a way to get immune cells called T cells (a type of white blood cell) to fight cancer by changing them in the lab so they can find and destroy cancer cells

fact-  only need a single infusion ]]> 2022-08-23 02:09:05 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2268166310 2000 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2268191176 test developing mad cow disease

who- Soto bio-rad

what -a usually fatal disease of cattle affecting the central nervous system, causing agitation and staggering

fact- A cow gets BSE by eating feed contaminated with parts that came from another cow that was sick with BSE. ]]> 2022-08-23 02:28:55 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2268191176 1919 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2268204984 term biotechnology

who-Hungarian engineer Karl Ereky

what -any product produced from raw materials with the aid of living organisms."

fact- included breeding animals and crops, and using microorganisms to make cheese, yoghurt, bread, beer and wine.]]> 2022-08-23 02:40:17 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2268204984 1983 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2268228843 modified staple crop 

who - china, 
Herbert Boyer (pictured) and Stanley Cohen 

what - a delayed-ripening tomato, was DNA can be transferred between organisms. It is now known that there are several mechanisms for DNA transfer and that these occur in nature on a large scale, 

fact -a major mechanism for antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria. released
]]> 2022-08-23 02:57:38 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2268228843 1300–1500 BCE2 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269107784 Yeast to ferment beer and bread.

who- the egyptians

what - Yeast was harvested from old leaven or beer makings to make new bread. 

fact - The yeast microbes had been asleep for more than 5,000 years, buried deep in the pores of Egyptian ceramics, ]]> 2022-08-23 18:06:16 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269107784 1890 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269112216 who- robert kochs  

what - set of criteria that establisges an organism which is a disease.

fact - microogranism must be found in diseases but not healthy individuals ]]> 2022-08-23 18:10:14 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269112216 1983 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269118037 polymerase

who - kary mullis

what- polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in which a small amount of DNA can be copied in large quantities 

fact - being used as a covid test now

]]> 2022-08-23 18:15:11 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269118037 2003 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269122464 who -Yorktown Technologies,

what -aiwan became the first to authorize sales of a genetically modified organism as a pet.

fact -inserting fluorescent genes from jellyfish and sea anemones into the eggs of a silver and black zebra danio, a tropical fish from India.]]> 2022-08-23 18:18:59 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269122464 2019 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269124883 Approved herceptin

who - FdA

what -  a breast cancer drug targeted to a particular cancer genotype, the first form of personalized medicine

fact -trade name for the anti-cancer drug trastuzumab. 
]]> 2022-08-23 18:21:03 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269124883 1955 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269129970 human adult skin cells

what -stem cells taken from skin can be reprogrammed to become brain cells and then transplanted directly into the central nervous system,



]]> 2022-08-23 18:25:20 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269129970 1973 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269132253 genetic modifications

who - Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen,
what - First field trials of genetically modified crop (herbicide-resistant tobacco) in the U.S. and France ]]> 2022-08-23 18:27:15 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269132253 1928 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269134247 penicillin antibiotic

who - alexander fleming

what -discovery led to the introduction of antibiotics that greatly reduced the number of deaths from infection.]]> 2022-08-23 18:29:00 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269134247 2014 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269137847 Crispr first patient

who- jennifer dounda

what - CRISPR-Cas9 to replace the defective beta-globin gene with a repaired version, ]]> 2022-08-23 18:32:10 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269137847 2010 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269141500 fda approves provenge

who - Craig Vente

what -a prescription medicine used to treat certain men with advanced prostate cancer

]]> 2022-08-23 18:35:23 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269141500 1960 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269145217 who- Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer

what - use restriction enzymes and ligases to express a foreign gene in bacteria

fact - found that this process involved changes in the DNA of the virus.
]]> 2022-08-23 18:38:55 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269145217 1914 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269147951 bacteria to treat sewage

who- John Snow

what -  sewage dumped into the river or into cesspools near town wells could contaminate the water supply, leading to a rapid spread of disease

fact -people drank contaminated water until a mother washed her baby's diaper in a town well in 1854 and touched off an epidemic that killed 616 people.]]> 2022-08-23 18:41:24 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269147951 1890 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269151324 produce the first monoclonal antibodies

who - Georges Kohler and Cesar Milstein

what - antigen-recognizing glycoproteins that are made by identical immune cells, all of which are clones of a unique parent cell.]]> 2022-08-23 18:44:26 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269151324 2012 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269155327 first plant based drug

who - FDA

what - an enzyme produced in genetically engineered carrot cells,]]> 2022-08-23 18:48:22 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269155327 1986 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269277642 Dna fingerprinting

who-Colin Pitchfork

what - DNA testing was first used to prove a person's innocence in a criminal trial because someone murdered and strangled 2 teengae girls and then he confessed. ]]> 2022-08-23 21:03:57 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269277642 2013 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269282159 who - U.S Supreme Court

what -  ruled today that "naturally occurring" human genes cannot be patented because they are a "product of nature," meaning that they cannot be claimed as a human invention 

fact -  on two genes linked to a higher risk of breast and ovarian cancer.]]> 2022-08-23 21:10:10 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269282159 2010 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269443104 HUPO

what- designed to map the entire human proteome in a systematic effort using currently available and emerging techniques.

who-Sam Hanash (Sam) and Prof. Young-Ki Paik (Young-Ki),]]> 2022-08-24 00:48:57 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269443104 1953 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269446771 Dna structure

who - james watson, francis crick

what -realized that DNA was made up of two chains of nucleotide pairs that encode the genetic information for all living things.

fact - won The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962]]> 2022-08-24 00:52:08 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269446771 2006 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269455158 mature cells reporgamming

who - Shinya Yamanaka

what proved that introduction of a small set of transcription factors into a differentiated cell was sufficient to revert the cell to a pluripotent state. The resulting cells were called induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.

fact - adding just four genes into adult skin cells in mice, he could induce the cells to become like embryonic stem cells.]]> 2022-08-24 01:00:02 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269455158 1911 yvasquez41 https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269460562 commercial biopesticide

who -
scientist Ernst Berliner

what -is a soil bacterium that forms spores during the stationary phase of its growth cycle.

fact -used as an insecticide spray]]> 2022-08-24 01:05:34 UTC https://padlet.com/yvasquez41/uuij3eetgq2mdq5e/wish/2269460562