Q2 :2.How does data travel on the internet?
A2:A computer connected to the Internet acts as either a client (a computer that asks for information) or a server (a computer that receives the request and returns the information to the client). Data travels between clients and servers along a system of communication lines or pathways. The largest and fastest of these pathways is the Internet backbone. To ensure that data is sent to the correct computer along the pathways, IP addresses (unique ID numbers) are assigned to all computers connected to the Internet.
Q3: 3.How can I communicate and collaborate with others using Web 2.0 technologies?
A3:Web 2.0 is a trend of Web interactions among people, software, and data. Examples of these technologies include blogs, wikis, and more. Blogs are journal entries posted to the Web that are generally organized by a topic or area of interest and are publicly available. Generally, one person writes the blog, and others can comment on the journal entries. Video logs are personal journals that use video as the primary content in addition to text, images, and audio. Wikis are a type of Web site that allows users to change content by adding, removing, or editing it. A wiki is designed to allow many users to collaborate on the content. Podcasts are audio or video content that is broadcast over the Internet. Users subscribe to receive updates to podcasts. Social networking sites enable users to communicate and share information with existing friends as well as to meet and connect with others through common interests, experiences, or friends.
Q4: How can i communicate with others using email and instant messaging?
A4:The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate. E-mailhas been the most rapidly adopted form of communication ever known. Less than two decades ago, not many people had heard of it. Now, many of us e-mail instead of writing letters or even calling people on the phone. People around the world send out billions of e-mail messages every day.
But sometimes even e-mail isn't fast enough. You might not know if a person you want to e-mail is online at that moment. Also, if you're e-mailing back and forth with someone, you usually have to click through a few steps. This is why instant messaging (IM) has become so popular.
Q5: What multimedia files are found on the web and what software is needed to access those file?
A5:The Web is appealing because of its enriched multimedia content. Multimedia is anything that involves one or more forms of media in addition to text, such as graphics, audio, and video clips. Sometimes you need a special software program called a plug-in (or player) to view and hear multimedia files. Plug-ins are often installed in new computers or are offered free of charge at manufacturers’ Web sites.
Q6: What is e-commerce and what online safeguard are available?
A6: E-commerce is the business of conducting business online. E-commerce includes transactions between businesses (B2B), between consumers (C2C), and between businesses and consumers (B2C). Because more business than ever before is conducted online, numerous safeguards have been put in place to ensure that transactions are protected.

Q7: What is a web browser and what are a URL and its parts?
A7:Once you’re connected to the Internet, in order to locate, navigate to, and view Web pages, you need to install special software called a Web browser on your system. The most common Web browsers are Microsoft Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, and Safari. Google Chrome is the newest browser on the market.

 You gain access to a Web site by typing in its address, called a Uniform Resource Locator (URL). A URL is composed of several parts, including the protocol, the domain, the top-level domain, and, occasionally, paths (or subdirectories).
Q8: How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the web?
A8:One unique aspect of the Web is that you can jump from place to place by clicking on specially formatted pieces of text or images called hyperlinks. You can also use tools such as Back and Forward buttons, History lists, breadcrumb lists, and Favorites or Bookmarks to navigate the Web. Favorites, live bookmarks, and tagging help you return to specific Web pages without having to type in the URL and help you organize the Web content that is most important to you.

Q9: How do I search the Internet effectively, and how can I evaluate websites?
A9:A search engine is a set of programs that searches the Web using specific keywords you wish to query and then returns a list of the Web sites on which those keywords are found. Search engines can be used to search for images, podcasts, and videos in addition to traditional text-based Web content. A subject directory is a structured outline of Web sites organized by topic and subtopic. Metasearch engines search other search engines.Not all Web sites are equal, and some are better sources for research than others are. To evaluate whether it is appropriate to use a Web site as a resource, determine whether the author of the site is reputable and whether the site is intended for your particular needs. In addition, make sure that the site content is not biased, the information in the site is current, and all the links on the site are available and appropriate.

When a client computer puts out a request for information, the request travels along transmission lines. These lines are similar to our highway system of roads, with some roads having different speed limits. The transmission lines with the fastest speeds are referred to as Internet backbones.

Q3: How can I communicate and collaborate with others using Web 2.0 technologies?
A3: Web 2.0 can be described as the social web. Before Web 2.0, we were only able to be passive users of the web. Examples of Web 2.0 technologies include social networking, blogs, wikis, podcasts, and webcasts. Social networking enables you to communicate and share information. 

Q4: How can I communicate with others using e-mail and instant messaging?
A4: Communication was one of the reason why Internet was created. E-mail allows users to communicate electronically without the parties involved being available at a time, whereas instant-messaging services are programs that enable you to communicate in real time with others who are online.

Q5: What multimedia files are found on the web, and what software is needed to access those files?
A5: Multimedia is anything that involves one or more forms of media in addition to text, such as graphics, audio, and video clips.Sometimes you need a special software program called a plug-in (or player) to view and hear multimedia files. 

Q6:What is e-commerce, and what online safeguards are available?
A6: E-commerce is the business of conducting business online. E-commerce includes transactions between businesses (B2B), between consumers (C2C), and between businesses and consumers (B2C). Some important safeguards to keep in mind include looking for indicators that the website is secure; shopping at well-known, reputable sites; and avoiding making online transactions on public computers.

Q7: What is a web browser, and what are a URL and its parts?
A7: Once you’re connected to the Internet, in order to locate, and view web pages, you need to install special software called a web browser on your system. The most common web browsers are Internet Explorer, Firefox, Google Chrome, and Safari. You gain access to a website by typing in its address, called a Uniform Resource Locator (URL). A URL is comprised of several parts, including the protocol, the domain, the top-level domain, and paths (or subdirectories).

Q8: How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the web?
A8: You can use the Back and Forward buttons, History lists, breadcrumb trails, and Favorites or Bookmarks to navigate the web. Favorites, live bookmarks, and social bookmarking help you return to specific web pages without having to type in the URL and help you organize the web content that is most important to you.

Q9: How do I search the Internet effectively, and how can I evaluate websites?
A9: A search engine searches the web using specific keywords then returns a list of the websites on which those keywords are found. To evaluate if a website is a good resource, determine if the author is reputable and if the site is intended for your particular needs. Make sure the content is not biased, the information is current, and all the links are available.

Q3: How can I communicate and collaborate with others using Web 2.0 technologies?
A3: Web 2.0 can be described as the social web, in which the user is also a participant. Before Web 2.0 technologies were in place, we were only able to be passive users of the web. Examples of Web 2.0 technologies include social networking, blogs, wikis, podcasts, and webcasts. Social networking enables you to communicate and share information with friends as well as meet and connect with others.Wikis are a type of website that allows users to collaborate on content—adding, removing, or editing it. Podcasts are audio or video content that is available over the Internet. Users subscribe to receive updates to podcasts. Webcasts are broadcasts of audio or video content over the Internet. Most webcasts are distributed in real time, unlike podcasts that are usually prerecorded and made available for download.

Q4: How can i communicate with others using email and instant messaging?
A4: Communication was one of the reasons the Internet was developed and is one of the primary uses of the Internet today. E-mail allows users to communicate electronically without the parties involved being available at the same time, whereas instant-messaging services are programs that enable you to communicate in real time with others who are online
Q5: What multimedia files are found on the web and what software is needed to access those file?
A5:Multimedia is anything that involves one or more forms of media in addition to text, such as graphics, audio, and video clips. Sometimes you need a special software program called a plug-in (or player) to view and hear multimedia files.For example, Adobe Flash Player.
Q6: What is e-commerce and what online safeguard are available?
A6: E-commerce is the business of conducting business online. E-commerce includes transactions between businesses (B2B), between consumers (C2C), and between businesses and consumers (B2C).Because more business than ever before is conducted online, numerous safeguards have been put in place to ensure that transactions are protected. Some important safeguards to keep in mind include looking for indicators that the website is secure; shopping at well-known, reputable sites; and avoiding making online transactions on public computers.

Q7: What is a web browser and what are a URL and its parts?
A7: Once you’re connected to the Internet, in order to locate, navigate to, and view web pages, you need to install special software called a web browser on your system. The most common web browsers are Internet Explorer, Firefox, Google Chrome, and Safari. You gain access to a website by typing in its address, called a Uniform Resource Locator (URL). A URL is comprised of several parts, including the protocol, the domain, the top-level domain, and paths (or subdirectories).

Q8: How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the web?
A8: One unique aspect of the web is that you can jump from place to place by clicking on specially formatted pieces of text or images called hyperlinks. You can also use the Back and Forward buttons, History lists, breadcrumb trails, and Favorites or Bookmarks to navigate the web. Favorites, live bookmarks, and social bookmarking help you return to specific web pages without having to type in the URL and help you organize the web content that is most important to you.

Q9: How do I search the Internet effectively, and how can I evaluate websites?
A9: A search engine is a set of programs that searches the web using specific keywords you wish to query and then returns a list of the websites on which those keywords are found..A subject directory is a structured outline of websites organized by topic and subtopic.Not all websites are equal, and some are better sources for research than others. To evaluate whether it is appropriate to use a website as a resource, determine whether the author of the site is reputable and whether the site is intended for your particular needs.

A1:The origin of the Internet begins with the development of electronic computers in the 1950s. Initial concepts of  package networking originated in several computer science laboratories in the United States, United Kingdom, and France.The US Department of Defense awarded contracts as early as the 1960s for packet network systems, including the development of the ARPANET. The first message was sent over the ARPANET from computer science Professor Leonard Kleinrock's laboratory at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) to the second network node at Stanford Research Institute (SRI).


2. How does data travel on the Internet?
A2:Routing all systems through IP means having just one network to maintain and upgrade. Data travels across the internet in packets. Each packet can carry a maximum of 1,500 bytes.Packets will travel from one machine to another machine until they reach their destination.

3.How can I communicate and collaborate with others using Web 2.0 technologies?
A3:Web 2.0 is a trend of Web interactions among people, software, and data. Examples of these technologies include blogs and more. Blogs are journal entries posted to the Web that are generally organized by a topic or area of interest and are publicly available. Generally, one person writes the blog, and others can comment on the journal entries. Video logs are personal journals that use video as the primary content in addition to text, images, and audio. Wikis are a type of Web site that allows users to change content by adding, removing, or editing it. A wiki is designed to allow many users to collaborate on the content. Podcasts are audio or video content that is broadcast over the Internet. Users subscribe to receive updates to podcasts. Social networking sites enable users to communicate and share information with existing friends as well as to meet and connect with others through common interests, experiences, or friends.

4.How can I communicate with others using e-mail and instant messaging?
4A:To conduct a conversation using instant messaging (IM)  , you first need to install a compatible instant messaging program on your computer. Then, the person you wish to chat to must do the same on his or her computer. There are several different types of  IM program available on the internet, but while they all do the same job, IM software from one company is generally not compatible with IM software from another company. So, for example, a user who installs Windows Live Messenger will not be able to communicate with a user who is using AOL instant messenger, although there is nothing to stop you installing more than one IM program onto your computer.


5. What multimedia files are found on the web, and what software is needed to access those files?
A5:Multimedia is anything that involves one or more forms of media in addition to text, such as graphics, audio, and video clips. Sometimes you need a special software program called a plug-in (or player) to view and hear multimedia files.


6. What is e-commerce, and what online safeguards are available?

A6:E-commerce or electronic commerce is the process of conducting business online.

Online Safeguardsis use secure site for purchases and banking (secure icon-padlock), HTTPS – secure

socket layer (443), the address line turns green),Businesses must have some form of security certification to give customers a level of comfort  and shop at well-known, reputable sites .Pay by credit card not debit card or third party payment processor, prepaid cards .We can check return policy and avoid public computer for online transactions

7. What is a web browser, and what are a URL and its parts?
A7: A web browser is a short for web browser, is the software application (a program) that you're using right now to search for, reach and explore websites. Whereas Excel® is a program for spreadsheets and Word® a program for writing documents, a browser is a program for Internet exploring .The first part of the URL is called a protocol identifier and it indicates what protocol to use, and the second part is called a resource name and it specifies the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located. The protocol identifier and the resource name are separated by a colon and two forward slashes.


8. How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the web?
A8:Hyperlinks and other tools can be used to get around the internet because it can connect you to other websites that may relate to the webpage you are currently on. You can jump from one page to another by clicking specially formatted pieces. After you click the link it will turn from blue to magenta, they do that so you can know which links you have visited already and the ones you haven't. Pictures can also be used as hyperlinks, you can tell when a picture is a hyperlink when you scroll over it and the mouse pointer changes from an arrow to a pointing hand.


9. How do I search the Internet effectively, and how can I evaluate websites?
A9: When doing your search, it's important to define your topic as completely and succinctly as possible. When you begin searching the web, you want to make sure you're typing with key words and accurate wording. It is suggested to use 6 to 8 keywords per query. You should also combine keywords into phrases by using quotation marks such as "school credit". You want to make sure youre asking your question the right way so that the internet dosnt supply you with an overwhelming amount of results.  If you are using a search engine, and you have any questions, there is always a "help" button you can click and it will guide you through your question. It is estimated that there are about 200 to 800 million documents online so if you are taking about several tries to obtain a successful search, dont give up. Since everyone can publish on the web, it is important to first identify the source (the author of the information on the site). Information that you find may also not be true, so it is your responsibility to determine the value of the sites' content and presentation.        

A1:The Internet has its origins in the Cold War. In 1957, the Soviet Union launched the first satellite, Sputnik. In response, the United States created the Advanced Research Projects Agency, or ARPA. The plan emerged to create a communication network that would not be vulnerable to a nuclear attack. The basic idea was to use a distributed network and break messages into blocks to route over this network.This specific military network was never built, but ARPA proceeded with working on a network for more general communication purposes, in particular to share research. In 1969, ARPANET was created, connecting computers at four universities across the country.

 

Q2: How does data travel on the internet?
A2: Data transmission on the Internet occurs through a packet-switching network. When transmitted, data on the Internet is broken down into smaller packages that are approximately 1500 bytes each.. The largest and fastest of these pathways form the Internet backbone.That data is sent to the correct computer along the pathways, IP addresses are assigned to all computers connected to the Internet.

Q3: How can I communicate and collaborate with others using Web 2.0 technologies?
A3:Now that you have a solid understanding of today's educational technology trends and issues from the prior pages in this SoftChalk, it's time to dive into the more functional aspects of the module, and examine the uses of online collaboration and communication tools for teaching and learning.Think about the Internet of the late 1990's versus now. In the late 90's, you could access information found on hideously designed web pages with animated gifs and colorful buttons, but you had no mechanisms to shape and share information in real time. Today, there are literally hundreds of web-based applications in existence that allow you to co-create content and share it with the world, and this is the essence of Web 2.0.

Q4: How can I communicate with others using email and instant messaging?
A4 : E-mail allows users to communicate electronically without the parties involved being available at the same time.Instant-messaging services are programs that enable you to communicate in real time with others who in Twitter, Facebook and extra.

Q5: What multimedia files are found on the web, and what software is needed to access those files?
A5 : Multimedia is anything that involves one or more forms of media in addition to text, such as graphics, audio, and video clips.Sometimes you need a special software program called a plug-in (or player) to view and hear multimedia files.

Q6: What is e-commerce, and what online safeguards are available?
A6 : E-commerce is the business of conducting business online.
E-commerce includes transactions between businesses, between consumer, and between businesses and consumers. Because more business than ever before is conducted online, numerous safeguards have been put in place to ensure that transactions are protected.

Q7:  What is a web browser, and what are a URL and its part?
A7 : A URL is actually a link, which connects you to a website. It is also called as a Uniform Resource Locator. This is a unique address for a file that is accessible on the Internet. eg. http://www.website.com/products/laptop.html  A common way to get to a web site is to enter the URL of its home page file in your Web browser's address line. The target website is contacted using a hypertext transfer protocol, which identifies the website and transfer the contents to the end user. The Uniform Resource Locator was created in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee, Marc Andreessen, Mark P. McCahill, Alan Emtage, Peter J. Deutsch and Jon Postel, as part of the URI. The URL consists of various components to describe the full length of it.

Q8: How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the web?
A8 :  Hyperlinks and other tools can be used to get around the internet because it can connect you to other websites that may relate to the webpage you are currently on. You can jump from one page to another by clicking specially formatted pieces. After you click the link it will turn from blue to magenta, they do that so you can know which links you have visited already and the ones you haven't. Pictures can also be used as hyperlinks, you can tell when a picture is a hyperlink when you scroll over it and the mouse pointer changes from an arrow to a pointing hand.

Q9. How do I search the Internet effectively, and how can I evaluate websites?
A9 : Whensearch engine searches the web using specific keywords then returns a list of the websites on which those keywords are found. Search engines can also be used to search for images, podcasts, and videos. A subject directory is a structured outline of websites organized by topic and subtopic. Metasearch engines search other search engines. To evaluate if a website is a good resource, determine if the author is reputable and if the site is intended for your particular needs. Make sure the content is not biased, the information is current, and all the links are available.

 You gain access to a Web site by typing in its address, called a Uniform Resource Locator (URL). A URL is composed of several parts, including the protocol, the domain, the top-level domain, and, occasionally, paths (or subdirectories).

Q8: How can i use hyperlinks ant other tools to get around the web?
A8: Hyperlinks and other tools can be used to get around the internet because it can connect you to other websites that may relate to the webpage you are currently on. You can jump from one page to another by clicking specially formatted pieces. After you click the link it will turn from blue to magenta, they do that so you can know which links you have visited already and the ones you haven't. Pictures can also be used as hyperlinks, you can tell when a picture is a hyperlink when you scroll over it and the mouse pointer changes from an arrow to a pointing hand.

Q9: How do I search the internet effectively, and how can I evaluate websites?
A9: Search engine searches web using specific keywords the return list of the websites on which those keywords are found.I also can be used t search for image, podcasts, and videos.To evaluate if a website is a good resource, determine if the author is reputable and if the intended for your particular needs.Make sure the content is not biased, the information is current, and all the links are available.

Q2: How does data travel on the internet?
A2: A computer (or other device) connected to the Internet acts as either a client (a computer that asks for information) or a server (a computer that receives the request and returns the information to the client). Data travels between clients and servers along a system of communication lines or pathways. The largest and fastest of these pathways is the Internet backbone. To ensure that data is sent to the correct computer along the pathways, IP addresses (unique ID numbers) are assigned to all computers connected to the Internet.

Q3: How can I communicate and collaborate with others using Web 2.0 technologies?
A3:  Web 2.0 can be described as the social web, in which the user is also a participant. Before Web 2.0 technologies were in place, we were only able to be passive users of the web. Examples of Web 2.0 technologies include social networking sites, blogs, wikis, podcasts, and webcasts. Social networking sites enable you to communicate and share information with friends as well as meet and connect with others. Blogs are journal entries posted to the web that are generally organized by a topic or area of interest and are publicly available. Generally, one person writes the blog, and others can comment on the journal entries. Video logs are personal journals that use video as the primary content in addition to text, images, and audio. Wikis are a type of website that allows users to collaborate on content—adding, removing, or editing it. Podcasts are audio or video content that is available over the Internet. Users subscribe to receive updates to podcasts. Webcasts are broadcasts of audio or video content over the Internet. Most webcasts are distributed in “real time,” unlike podcasts that are usually prerecorded and made available for download.

Q4: How can I communicate with others using e-mail and instant messaging?
A4:  Communication was one of the reasons the Internet was developed and is one of the primary uses of the Internet today. E-mail allows users to communicate electronically without the parties involved being available at the same time, whereas instant-messaging services are programs that enable you to communicate in real time with others who are online.

Q5: What multimedia files are found on the web, and what software is needed to access those files?
A5:  Multimedia is anything that involves one or more forms of media in addition to text, such as graphics, audio, and video clips. Sometimes you need a special software program called a plug-in (or player) to view and hear multimedia files. Plug-ins are often installed in new computers or are offered free of charge at manufacturers’ websites.

Q6: What is e-commerce, and what online safeguards are available?
A6:  E-commerce is the business of conducting business online. E-commerce includes transactions between businesses (B2B), between consumers (C2C), and between businesses and consumers (B2C). Because more business than ever before is conducted online, numerous safeguards have been put in place to ensure that transactions are protected. Some important safeguards to keep in mind include looking for indicators that the website is secure, shopping at well-known, reputable sites, and avoiding making on­ line transactions on public computers.

Q7: What is web browser, and what are a URL and its part?
A7: Once you're connected to the Internet, in order to locate, navigate to, and view web pages, you need to install special software called a web browser on your system.
The most common web browsers are Internet Explorer, Firefox, Google Chrome, and Safari.
You gain access to a website by typing in its address, called a Uniform Resource Locator (URL).
A URL is composed of several parts, including the protocol, the domain, the top-level domain, and paths (or subdirectories).

Q8: How can i use hyperlinks ant other tools to get around the web?
A8: One unique aspect of the web is that you can jump from place to place by clicking on specially formatted pieces of text or images called hyperlinks.
You can also use the Back and Forward buttons, History lists, breadcrumb trails, and Favorites or Bookmarks to navigate the web.
Favorites, live bookmarks, and social bookmarking help you return to specific web pages without having to type in the URL and help you organize the web content that is most important to you.

Q9: How do I search the internet effectively, and how can I evaluate websites?
A9:  A search engine is a set of programs that searches the web using specific keywords you wish to query and then returns a list of the websites on which those keywords are found.
Search engines can be used to search for images, podcasts, and videos in addition to traditional text­based web content.
A subject directory is a structured outline of websites organized by topic and subtopic. Metasearch engines search other search engines.
Not all websites are equal, and some are better sources for research than others. To evaluate whether it is appropriate to use a website as are source, determine whether the author of the site is reputable and whether the site is intended for your particular needs. In addition, make sure that the site content is not biased, the information on the site is current, and all the links on the site are available and appropriate. If multiple sites offer the same content, this is another indication that the information is accurate.

Non-IM types of chat include multicast transmission, usually referred to as "chat rooms", where participants might be anonymous or might be previously known to each other (for example collaborators on a project that is using chat to facilitate communication). Instant messaging systems tend to facilitate connections between specified known users (often using a contact list also known as a "buddy list" or "friend list"). Depending on the IM protocol, the technical architecture can be peer-to-peer (direct point-to-point transmission) or client-server (a central server retransmits messages from the sender to the communication device).

Q.5 What multimedia files are found on the web, and what software is needed to access those files?
A.5 Multimedia is content  that uses a combination of different content forms  such as text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content. Multimedia contrasts with media that use only rudimentary computer displays such as text-only or traditional forms of printed or hand-produced material.
Multimedia can be recorded and played, displayed, interacted with or accessed by information content processing devices, such as computerized and electronic devices, but can also be part of a live performance. Multimedia devices are electronic media  devices used to store and experience multimedia content. Multimedia is distinguished from mixed media  in fine art ; by including audio, for example, it has a broader scope. The term "rich media " is synonymous for interactive multimedia . hypermedia  scales up the amount of media content in multimedia application.
Multimedia applications include presentation software like Microsoft Presentation, animation software such as Motion Studio 3D or packages with multiple presentation possibilities like Adobe GoLive. Multimedia applications are computer programs that use a variety of media such as video, sound, still images and animated graphics for pre-recorded or live communications, especially mass communication. Some multimedia applications can even create some or all of the media elements used in creating multimedia presentations.

There are two broad categories of multimedia applications: linear and nonlinear. Linear multimedia applications are used to produce communications that have no built-in interactivity, such as an online presentation or a movie. Nonlinear multimedia applications integrate some form of interactivity, such as selection buttons or hyperlinks. These applications are often used for educational and computer-based testing purposes. Lines may be blurred between these two categories. For instance, Netflix offers streaming movies that sometimes have interactivity with web services like IMDB.

Q.6 What is e-commerce, and what online safeguards are available?

       

A7: You need a specialized software to surf the internet once you’re connected to it, most operating systems come preinstalled with internet browsers, Windows comes preinstalled with Edge or Internet Explorer while OSX comes preinstalled with Safari. However, once connected to the internet, users can install a different browser of their choice such as Google Chrome, Firefox or Opera. The URL of a website (Uniform Resource Locator), is a link that gives you access to the website. A URL is comprised of multiple parts, which are the protocol (the set of rules used to retrieve the document), the domain, the top-level domain, and paths (or subdirectories).

Q8: How can i use hyperlinks ant other toolsto around the web?
A8: One unique aspect of the Web is that you can jump from place to place by clicking on specially formatted pieces of text or images called hyperlinks. You can also use the Back and Forward buttons, History lists, breadcrumb trails, and Favorites or Bookmarks to navigate the Web. Favorites, live bookmarks, and social bookmarking help you return to specific Web pages without having to type in the URL and help you organize the Web content that is most important to you.

Q9: How do I search the internet effectively, and how can I evaluate websites?
A9:  A search engine is a set of programs that searches the web using specific keywords you wish to query and then returns a list of the websites on which those keywords are found.

Search engines can be used to search for images, podcasts, and videos in addition to traditional text­based web content.

A subject directory is a structured outline of websites organized by topic and subtopic. Metasearch engines search other search engines.

Not all websites are equal, and some are better sources for research than others. To evaluate whether it is appropriate to use a website as are source, determine whether the author of the site is reputable and whether the site is intended for your particular needs. In addition, make sure that the site content is not biased, the information on the site is current, and all the links on the site are available and appropriate. If multiple sites offer the same content, this is another indication that the information is accurate.

A1: The internet is claimed to have its origins in ARPANET, which was developed in the United States during the Cold War as a means for secure communication until it was eventually used by scientists and educators to exchange research notes, Today, it is available for the general public for a variety of uses. Also, the two men who worked on the ARPANET project, Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn, are heralded as the “fathers” of the internet.

 

A2: Computers that are connected to the internet act in two distinct ways, either as a server or a client, when the user types the URL on their web browser, the computer(client) sends out a request for information, the request then travels along transmission lines (backbone and smaller lines) till it eventually reaches the server and then the server will return the requested data to the client using the fastest pathway (which may be different from the transmission lines the request took). Unique ID numbers known as IP addresses are assigned to all computers connected to the Internet.

A3:Web 2.0 can also be described as the social web or social networking, web 2.0 technologies allow people to create, share and edit media together. Some examples of these are Google Docs, Wordpress, Blogspot, Tumblr and even Facebook, on most of these sites, users are allowed to comment on and give their opinions regarding content that other users have uploaded while on some others such as Google Docs or Sheets, users that have been allowed access to a document can work on the document together from different places.

A4:One of the main purposes of the internet is communication. Sending an e-mail to someone is one such method of communication, e-mails are the most dominant method of electronic communication because they are fast, convenient and is asynchronous (users do not need to communicate at the same time and can do so at their own convenience). Instant-messaging services, on the other hand, enable its’ online users to communicate in real time, an example of this is in a twitch plays video where users can watch live streams while chatting with other users.

A5:Multimedia files typically involve one or more forms of media in addition to text, such as audio, video clips, and graphics. Occasionally, to play these files, you would need a special plug-in or player. Plug-ins are often installed in new computers or are offered free of charge at developers’ websites. One such example is Adobe Flash Player which is required for many videos, Java and several others.

A6: E-commerce basically means online business or the act of conducting one’s business online. There are three main types of E-commerce transactions. Business to Business (B2B), Consumer to Consumer (C2C), and between Businesses and Consumers (B2C). Because of the ever-increasing scale of online businesses, numerous safeguards have been implemented to ensure that these transactions remain secure. Some important safeguards to keep in mind include looking for indicators that the website is secure; shopping at well-known, reputable sites; and avoiding making online transactions on public computers or on insecure networks.

A7: You need a specialized software to surf the internet once you’re connected to it, most operating systems come preinstalled with internet browsers, Windows comes preinstalled with Edge or Internet Explorer while OSX comes preinstalled with Safari. However, once connected to the internet, users can install a different browser of their choice such as Google Chrome, Firefox or Opera. The URL of a website (Uniform Resource Locator), is a link that gives you access to the website. A URL is comprised of multiple parts, which are the protocol (the set of rules used to retrieve the document), the domain, the top-level domain, and paths (or subdirectories).

A8:Hyperlinks are specialized formatted lines of text that allow you to travel from one page to another quickly. You can also use the Back and Forward buttons on your browser, your browsing history to view pages you have visited, and your Favorites or Bookmarks pane to navigate the web. 

A9: Search engines search the web for specific keywords and return results based on those keywords. Nowadays, search engines can also be used to search for images, podcasts, and videos. You can even use the reverse image search in google to search an image for related images or content. The key to using a search engine is to search with the correct and relevant keywords depending on the subject you’re searching for. A subject directory is a structured outline of websites organized by topic and subtopic. Metasearch engines search other search engines. To evaluate if a website is a good resource, determine if the author is reputable and if the site is intended for your particular needs. Make sure the content is not biased, the information is current, and all the links are available.

 

Q3: How can I communicate and collaborate with others using Web 2.0 technologies?
A3: Web 2.0 can be described as the social web, in which the user is also a participant. Before Web 2.0 technologies were in place, we were only able to be passive users of the web. Examples of Web 2.0 technologies include social networking, blogs, wikis, podcasts, and webcasts. Social networking enables you to communicate and share information with friends as well as meet and connect with others.Wikis are a type of website that allows users to collaborate on content—adding, removing, or editing it. Podcasts are audio or video content that is available over the Internet. Users subscribe to receive updates to podcasts. Webcasts are broadcasts of audio or video content over the Internet. Most webcasts are distributed in real time, unlike podcasts that are usually prerecorded and made available for download.

Q4: How can i communicate with others using email and instant messaging?
A4: Communication was one of the reasons the Internet was developed and is one of the primary uses of the Internet today. E-mail allows users to communicate electronically without the parties involved being available at the same time, whereas instant-messaging services are programs that enable you to communicate in real time with others who are online
Q5: What multimedia files are found on the web and what software is needed to access those file?
A5:Multimedia is anything that involves one or more forms of media in addition to text, such as graphics, audio, and video clips. Sometimes you need a special software program called a plug-in (or player) to view and hear multimedia files.For example, Adobe Flash Player.
Q6: What is e-commerce and what online safeguard are available?
A6: E-commerce is the business of conducting business online. E-commerce includes transactions between businesses (B2B), between consumers (C2C), and between businesses and consumers (B2C).Because more business than ever before is conducted online, numerous safeguards have been put in place to ensure that transactions are protected. Some important safeguards to keep in mind include looking for indicators that the website is secure; shopping at well-known, reputable sites; and avoiding making online transactions on public computers.

Q7: What is a web browser and what are a URL and its parts?
A7: Once you’re connected to the Internet, in order to locate, navigate to, and view web pages, you need to install special software called a web browser on your system. The most common web browsers are Internet Explorer, Firefox, Google Chrome, and Safari. You gain access to a website by typing in its address, called a Uniform Resource Locator (URL). A URL is comprised of several parts, including the protocol, the domain, the top-level domain, and paths (or subdirectories).

Q8: How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the web?
A8: One unique aspect of the web is that you can jump from place to place by clicking on specially formatted pieces of text or images called hyperlinks. You can also use the Back and Forward buttons, History lists, breadcrumb trails, and Favorites or Bookmarks to navigate the web. Favorites, live bookmarks, and social bookmarking help you return to specific web pages without having to type in the URL and help you organize the web content that is most important to you.

Q9: How do I search the Internet effectively, and how can I evaluate websites?
A9: A search engine is a set of programs that searches the web using specific keywords you wish to query and then returns a list of the websites on which those keywords are found..A subject directory is a structured outline of websites organized by topic and subtopic.Not all websites are equal, and some are better sources for research than others. To evaluate whether it is appropriate to use a website as a resource, determine whether the author of the site is reputable and whether the site is intended for your particular needs.

Q1: What is the origin of the internet?
A1: For the above reasons, we do not believe that 1969 and Arpanet can claim to be the origins of the Internet. If packet switching is the origins, the Internet was invented elsewhere. If we are looking at some other role Arpanet played, the date is not 1969 and another theory will have to pass our tests.

Q2: How does data travel on the internet?
A2: It travels by the Internet Backbone.The backbone is defined a data routes between large and strategically interconnected networks and core routers on the internet. Your data flows along the backbone and on to smaller pathways until it reaches its destinations and returns to its original destination using the fastest path way it can find which relays data back to you. In order for this to happen, each computer or server has an IP (Internet protocol) address which is unique.

Q3: How can i communicate and collaborate with others using Web 2.0?
A3: The technologies provided on the Web 2.0 is very complex yet very simple. They are platforms where people can reach out and share information.
Examples of the web 2.0:
i) Skype
ii) Google docs
iii)Wikipedia and etc.

Q4: How can I communicate with others using e-mail and instant messaging?
A4: The internet's main purpose is communications. E-mail is used to communicate directly to a single individual or to a group that has something to do with that particular topic. Emails can be very formal and it works in a way that once you send it over to the recipient, even though the person isn't online at the time will still receive the email and will reply once he is connected. The time taken usual varies. With Instant messaging, it allows you to talk to a certain individual in real time and with others who are on a similar platform of communication a you are.

Q5: What multimedia files are found on the web, and what software is needed to access those files?
A5:The Web is appealing because of its enriched multimedia content. Multimedia is anything that involves one or more forms of media in addition to text, such as graphics, audio, and video clips. Sometimes you need a special software program called a plug-in (or player) to view and hear multimedia files. Plug-ins are often installed in new computers or are offered free of charge at manufacturers’ Web sites.

Q6: What is e-commerce, and what online safeguards are available?
A6: E-commerce is the business of conducting business online. E-commerce includes transactions between businesses (B2B), between consumers (C2C), and between businesses and consumers (B2C). Because more business than ever before is conducted online, numerous safeguards have been put in place to ensure that transactions are protected.

Q7: What is a web browser, and what are a URL and its parts?
A7: A web browser is a software and platform that enables you to navigate your way through the internet. There are many types of Web browsers available which are Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Firefox and Safari. Each one is different in its own way and really depends on the user on which is better. You can navigate the internet by typing in a specific address that you wish to gain access to and this is called Uniform Resource Locator (URL). There are a few parts to the URL which is the protocol, the domain, the top level domain, and other paths or sub-directories.

Q8: How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the web?
A8:One unique aspect of the Web is that you can jump from place to place by clicking on specially formatted pieces of text or images called hyperlinks. You can also use tools such as Back and Forward buttons, History lists, breadcrumb lists, and Favorites or Bookmarks to navigate the Web. Favorites, live bookmarks, and tagging help you return to specific Web pages without having to type in the URL and help you organize the Web content that is most important to you.


A9:when doing your search, it's important to define your topic as completely and succinctly as possible. When you begin searching the web, you want to make sure you're typing with key words and accurate wording. It is suggested to use 6 to 8 keywords per query. You should also combine keywords into phrases by using quotation marks such as "school credit". You want to make sure you are asking your question the right way so that the internet dosn't supply you with an overwhelming amount of results.  If you are using a search engine, and you have any questions, there is always a "help" button you can click and it will guide you through your question. It is estimated that there are about 200 to 800 million documents online so if you are taking about several tries to obtain a successful search, dont give up. Since everyone can publish on the web, it is important to first identify the source (the author of the information on the site). Information that you find may also not be true, so it is your responsibility to determine the value of the sites' content and presentation. Another question you should ask yourself is is the site well organized and easy to navigate? Can I find the information I am looking for within just a few clicks?  If you follow these steps should have a successful web search and will be able to evaluate websites.                         

Flash or Web 2.0? A lot of elements or interactivity that was acomplished through the use of Flash is now accomplish through Web 2.0 development. Sliding navigation, fading images, roating photos and interactive experiences can be developed without the use of Flash. What the benefit? One, Flash is not always installed on all computers. If a visitor does not have Flash installed those elements will not dispaly for the visitor. If your navigation is in Flash, you’ve just lost a customer. Web 2.0 features do not include 3rd party programs to run (Flash does) and it will also allow the search engines to easily read all of the content within your site. eCommerce Search engine optimization is one of our key services and we always want to be sure everything we develop will be found by the search engines.
Q4: How can i communicate with others using email and instant messaging?
A4:Most IM programs connect to an IM company on the internet that both verifies a particular user's identity, called authentication, and sends information between users.

When you start up an IM program, called an IM client, it tries to contact to a particular company's IM server, such as Google or Yahoo.

The IM server verifies your username and password and then logs you in. At this point you're connected.

Now you'll see a list of your buddies that are currently online. As your friends sign in and out you'll see them appear and disappear from your contact list. You'll notice that the statuses of friends automatically change from "Online" to "Away", "Busy" or "Offline" based on whether that person is logged in and using his/her computer.

When you send a message to your friend it travels from your IM client to the IM server to which you're connected. The message then travels directly to your buddy and a window pops up on his/her machine. As you continue your conversation the messages go back and forth between the clients and servers with very little delay.
Q5: What multimedia files are found on the web and what software is needed to access those file?

A5:Multimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms such as text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content. Multimedia contrasts with media that use only rudimentary computer displays such as text-only or traditional forms of printed or hand-produced material.

Multimedia can be recorded and played, displayed, interacted with or accessed by information content processing devices, such as computerized and electronic devices, but can also be part of a live performance. Multimedia devices are electronic media devices used to store and experience multimedia content. Multimedia is distinguished from mixed media in fine art; by including audio, for example, it has a broader scope. The term "rich media" is synonymous for interactive multimedia. Hypermedia scales up the amount of media content in multimedia application.
Q6: What is e-commerce and what online safeguard are available?
 E-commerce is the business of conducting business online. E-commerce includes transactions between businesses (B2B), between consumers (C2C), and between businesses and consumers (B2C). Because more business than ever before is conducted online, numerous safeguards have been put in place to ensure transactions are protected.
Q7: What is a web browser and what are a URL and its parts?
 A7:Once you’re connected to the Internet, in order to locate, navigate to, and view Web pages, you need special software called a Web browser installed on your system. The most common Web browsers are Microsoft Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Safari.You gain access to a Web site by typing in its address, or Uniform Resource Locator (URL). A URL is composed of several parts, including the protocol, the host, the top-level domain, and, occasionally, paths (or subdirectories).
Q8: How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the web?
A8:One unique aspect of the Web is that you can jump from place to place by clicking on specially formatted pieces of text called hyperlinks. You can also use tools such as Back and Forward buttons, History lists, breadcrumb lists, and Favorites or Bookmarks to navigate the Web.Q9: How do I search the Internet effectively, and how can I evaluate websites?
A9: A search engine is a set of programs that searches the Web for specific keywords you wish to query and then returns a list of the Web sites on which those keywords are found. A subject directory is a structured outline of Web sites organized by topic and subtopic.
Sometimes, search engines return lists with thousands or millions of hits. Boolean operators are words (AND, NOT, and OR) you can use to refine your searches, making them more effective.