Environmental problems  Global warming

 Proposed solution(s) be innovative in    downsizing of design  materials.

Reference/Web address:Reducing the environmental impacts of graphic design (linkedin.com)

This source talks about what raw materials are used for graphic design.
It describes the graphic design industry draws on energy, water, paper, inks, solvents and packaging. Designers make decisions.

Environmental problems  Waste the row material

Proposed solution(s) Use replaceable recycled materials

resource:
https://environmental-conscience.com/causes-effects-solutions-for-waste/


Why is this a useful source?
This source outlines  the global environmental problems caused by waste and solutions.It gives numerous examples of Global warming, Waste pollution ,Waste Disposal.

In 1983, in an effort to encourage global cooperation toward sustainable practices that benefit both the economy and the environment——Brundtland Commission.
This goal requires the company to strive for environmental awareness in all aspects of its operations and increase the use of natural materials in its products.

Sustainability and Art:
Furoshiki,
Kintsugi,
Such as Paulo Grangeon’s 1,600 Pandas, which installed paper-mache sculptures in a highly visible public space to focus on human impact on endangered species.

How Schools and Institutions are Getting Involved:
In fashion subject—an industry that comes in second as the largest contributor to global pollution.
a new major called The Business of Denim.
Fashion Institute of Technology is also implementing sustainability programs.
A garden which can creating vegetable-based dyes for drawing as well as a school-wide composting system for leftover cotton and other fibers.

Types of Sustainable Art:
Closed-Loop Fashion
Ecological Art
Land Art
Renewable Energy Sculpture
Upcycling

resource：
What Does Sustainability Mean for the Art World? (invaluable.com) 
2022/06/21

However , my tutor and group members were really excellent . When we discuss the problem of fast fashion , my tutor guided us well and my classmates also had many interesting questions about fast fashion . That the reason why we had a good exchange of opinions in the process of communication .

We talk about what fast fashion is , how it differs from sustainable fashion , and even what we can do as consumers to reduce the support for fast fashion .

Although I tried my best to participate in the communication , due to my lack of experience , I still forgot the correct communication norms for many times which made others think I'm rude. I hope I can make a good personal introduction and pay attention to these details in the next class.

As an environmental activist and sculptor , Maya Lin tries to establish a connection with nature to create designs . In her large-scale installation "Ghost Forest" at Madison Square Park in Manhattan , she planted dead cedar trees salvaged from a Pine forest in New Jersey in the park to show the ecological impact of climate change .According to Saxon ( 2020 ) Lin wants to make people know the terrible impact on our lives from climate change She hopes that people will feel a sense of crisis about global forest extinction when they appreciating the particular little forest. She also believes that awareness is the key to action, but it is not enough that people only have awareness . There are many practical changes that need to be made , such as reducing gas emissions or ecological restoration . 

However, I prefer Benjamin Von Wong 's works because his raw materials are closer to life . This design method of using waste as raw materials also gives me a lot of inspiration. We can also try to use a lot of waste in the design . Benjamin Von Wong who is social impact artist hopes to make people develop the awareness of the harm of plastic pollution by his design . Benjamin Von Wong will use 18,000 cups he collected from open-air fast food markets and 22 hawker centers to create an absorbing installation design, and then ，when the passers-by take photos without any defense . He hopes visitors will spot the cups when taking selfies and have some negative feelings , “which he defines as an‘extreme aversion to single-use plastics.’”（Benjamin，2019）His raw materials took only two days to be collected , it unquestionable shows the problem of plastic pollution is serious . When I see this kind of use is waste what are around us to create works of art . Personally , this idea more attracted to me and I also feel this way of showing or create more simple than Lin .

Both designs all brought me visual impact and also made me realize the importance of environmental protection . Von Wong inspired me to use the waste design around me , Maya Lin made also let me to know more about the harm of climate change .

Saxon, J. (2020) Maya Lin: Connecting Art and the Environment. Available at: https://www.princeton.edu/news/2020/01/06/maya-lin-connecting-art-and-environment [Accessed 21/06/2022]

Papathanasiou, K. #Plastikophobia: an instagram trap to raise environmental awareness. Available at: #Plastikophobia: An Instagram Trap to Raise Environmental Awareness – The Vale Magazine [Accessed on 21/06/22]

 

B.By 2020, the company aims to use 100% BCI cotton. The company launched its Water<less Project in 2011, saving water and last week announced a new strategy to further improve its water saving techniques. Its vision is to use only as much water as replenishes naturally, wherever the company operates. “Given the water context in many countries, we have to act quickly and wisely.

C.According to Sanjay（2014）Mishra’s interview，In Levi’s , the brand be sustainable throughout the entire operation process include production design and transportation process. However，no matter aircraft, ship or truck, they all have a great impact on the environment . In order to reduce the negative impact on the environment , Levi’s prefers to choose waterways , especially ships with a good record , which means that this vehicle has high efficiency in engine design , energy use and operation . Levi’s measured carbon emissions ，so it selected global consolidation and deconsolidation programs to optimize freight movement on each leg of transportation .

 

In manufacturing , the brand was able to use 100% renewable resources in its operating facilities , which allowed them to reduce carbon emissions by 40% .

 

D. Although Levi's clothing is made of good quality and lasts a long time, as fashion evolves, so does the customer's aesthetic. Levi's could consider making its products sustainable. For example, a recycling campaign for clothing could engage customers and promote awareness of environmental protection.

https://www.thredup.com/bg/p/top-sustainable-clothing-brand

 

 

· How has your attitude to sustainability changed since you started researching the project?
Before this project , I was more interested in how to make design products to have more visual . It lead to make a lot of attempts , however I know that it is a waste of raw materials now.

· How can designers manage environmental issues?
Designers should reduce material waste in the design process and try to use recycled materials or some waste . Also they need to consider the recycling of the product, or the beneficial role that the product can play in society especially environment-friendly

· What are the most pressing ethical concerns in manufacturing and production?
In my opinion , it is most important of the human rights of workers, such as treatment or welfare.

· What actions do you think you will take in the future to help protect the environment?
I may pay more attention to how to reduce the use of raw materials . I am into creating some book designs , especially some kinds of installations . During this period , I will keep looking for good paper materials , and I think I will first change this habit.

· How can you check that your sources are reliable?
Make sure the article has clear links to resources that identify the author and date 
. It is best to find form some official information sites rather than a web page with lots of advertisements.

· What difficulties did you encounter in the course of your research? How did you deal with them? What did you learn from them?
In the past, I did not need to identify the authenticity of the resource and did not need to consider how to use it in the correct format in my own essay. Now I need to change this habit , there will be many mistakes in this process , but the knowledge I have learned in the course has given me reference.

· How do you think your experience of the research process will help you in the future?
I learned how to distinguish the authenticity of resource and how to apply them in my own essay or designs . I think it is a good change of my study in the future.