Religion in America- Section 80 by Sierra Mcray

Wounded Knee Massacre (1890)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:24:04 UTC

Oglala Sioux were victims of the United States military.

Ghost Dance Movement (1890)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:26:41 UTC

Native American tribes, like the Oglala Sioux, started the Ghost Dance movement as a way to deal with the terrible conditions they were living in because they had to move and lose their native lands and their culture was being pushed down. The movement aimed to bring people together, bring back Native American culture, and bring back the hope of the traditional way of life.

The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) becomes law. (1990)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:28:45 UTC

The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) was signed into law. It makes it legal for institutions that get government funding to return human remains and cultural artifacts to their home countries. It was a big step forward when Native American cultural rights and customs were recognized.

Martin Luther's Ninety-five Theses were published. (1517)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:32:18 UTC

That this act questioned the ways the Catholic Church did things, especially the selling of indulgences, makes it often seen as the start of the Protestant Reformation.

Mayflower Compact was signed by Pilgrims (1620)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:33:06 UTC

Before landing at Plymouth, they signed the Mayflower Compact, a governing agreement that established a form of self-government based on majority rule.

Salem Witch Trials took place. (1692)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:34:11 UTC

During this time in American history, many people were accused of witchcraft and some were put to death. The cases show how religious people were and how tense things were in society at the time.

The First Great Awakening Occurs (1730s-1740s)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:35:13 UTC

This religious revival movement emphasized personal conversion, emotional preaching, and a democratization of religion.

The Second Great Awakening takes place. (Early 19th Century)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:36:05 UTC

The Second Great Awakening contributed to the rise of various Protestant denominations and fueled social reform movements, including abolitionism and women's rights.

The Declaration of Independence was Declared. (1776)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:38:58 UTC

The United States became a separate country when the Declaration of Independence was read aloud. Every year, this event was honored, and it became an important part of American civil religion.

Official Declaration of Fourth of July (1778)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:39:43 UTC

Congress officially designates the Fourth of July as a day to honor American independence, establishing a tradition of celebration that becomes integral to civil religion.

Civil War takes place (1861-1865)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:41:35 UTC

The Union and the Confederacy are in a fight over slavery, states' rights, and the future of the country. Many people see the war as a fight between good and evil, which has a big effect on American society and how people think about the end of the world.

Revival of Civil Religion (1967)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:43:45 UTC

Sociologist Robert N. Bellah revives the term "civil religion" in 1967, sparking renewed scholarly interest in understanding its role in shaping American identity and values.

Arrival of the First Africans in Jamestown (1619)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:45:55 UTC

A Dutch ship arrives in Jamestown, Virginia, carrying at least twenty Africans who are sold as indentured servants. This marks the beginning of the African presence in mainland British America.

Nat Turner's Rebellion (1831)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:48:02 UTC

Nat Turner's rebellion in Virginia was a slave revolt based on end-of-the-world and prophetic ideas that included violence against white people. It led to tighter controls on religious and slave meetings.

Deportation of Marcus M. Garvey (1927)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:49:45 UTC

Marcus M. Garvey was strongly opposed by the government and was sent out of the United States in 1927, even though he made important efforts to giving African Americans more power. Garvey was deported because he was accused of financial fraud. This was bad for the Pan-African organization he had led.

Assassination of Malcolm X (1965)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:50:18 UTC

In 1965, Malcolm X was killed. He was a well-known figure in the civil rights movement and a major voice in the Nation of Islam. The killing of Malcolm X shocked the country and was a terrible loss for the fight for racial freedom.

Great Depression and Rise of Anti-Semitism (1930s)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:53:28 UTC

Anti-Semitism grows in both Protestant and Catholic groups during the Great Depression and the rise of fascism in Europe. Economic problems and social unrest make attitudes against Jews worse, which leads to more violence and discrimination.

Election of John F. Kennedy (1960)

sierramcray — 2024-03-11 05:54:51 UTC

In 1960, John F. Kennedy became the first Catholic president of the United States. This was a big step forward in religion acceptance and tolerance. Kennedy's win goes against the widespread prejudice against Catholics and shows that American society is becoming more open to everyone.

Central Conference of American Rabbis was founded (1889)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:12:00 UTC

The Central Conference of American Rabbis (CCAR) was created to support the goals and ideals of the Reform movement and to be a professional group for Reform rabbis in the United States.

Pittsburgh Platform adopted (1885)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:12:50 UTC

The Pittsburgh Platform was a declaration by Reform rabbis that outlined the principles of Reform Judaism, emphasizing the ethical aspects of Judaism and downplaying ritual observance and Jewish nationalism.

French and Indian Wars (1755–1763)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:14:57 UTC

A series of conflicts between British America and New France, with both sides supported by military units from their parent countries and Native American allies.

American Revolution (1775–1783)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:15:17 UTC

The conflict between the Thirteen American colonies and Great Britain, resulting in the colonies gaining independence and forming the United States of America.

Formation of the Unitarian Universalist Association (1961)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:16:10 UTC

The merger of the Unitarian and Universalist denominations, creating a liberal religious community based on shared ethical principles rather than traditional creeds.

Plan of Union (1801)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:16:48 UTC

An agreement between Congregationalists and Presbyterians to cooperate in missionary activities and share resources, especially on the American frontier.

Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:20:47 UTC

The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed by Congress, marking the first significant law restricting immigration to the United States and targeting Chinese immigrants, leading to a decline in the Chinese population in America.

Founding of the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (1965)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:24:42 UTC

ISKCON, also known as the Hare Krishna movement, combined dualistic Hindu teachings with monastic lifestyle practices.

U.S. Court of Appeals ruling on Transcendental Meditation (1979)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:25:35 UTC

The court ruled TM as a religion, affecting its inclusion in public school curricula.

Heaven’s Gate Tragedy (1997)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:34:01 UTC

The Heaven’s Gate cult, led by Marshall Applewhite, believed in extraterrestrial contact and committed mass suicide in 1997. They combined elements of UFO groups, gnostic beliefs, science fiction, and Christianity, seeking to ascend to a higher level of existence.

Formation of the American Council of Christian Churches and the National Association of Evangelicals (1940s)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:43:26 UTC

In the early 1940s, conservative Protestant groups started to form their own separate organizations. The National Association of Evangelicals was made up of moderate fundamentalists, while the American Council of Christian Churches was made up of more independent fundamentalists.

Formation of Campus Crusade for Christ International (1951)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:43:50 UTC

Campus Crusade for Christ International was established in 1951, becoming one of the institutions championed by the new evangelicals.

National Council of Churches formed in the United States, becoming the largest cooperative body of Protestants (1950)

sierramcray — 2024-05-20 01:52:46 UTC

This council facilitated joint efforts and initiatives among various Protestant denominations in the country.