https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53 How a history of Alzheimer's work has led to the work of Dr. Harry Fu, PhD. en-us 2021-04-20 17:44:04 UTC 2023-04-25 03:09:49 UTC hello@padlet.com max1217 https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439221277 Alois Alzheimer published research in Zeitschrift fuer die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie, regarding the "peculiar disease" that was Alzheimer's. This publication explains the signs and symptoms associated with Alzheimer's disease, and this drawing depicts one of the primary symptoms, neurofibrillary tangles.

This artifact was published in 1911,  but these depictions remain relevant even today with the more advanced technology and visualization techniques on brain scans of Alzheimer's patients.

This publication started in Germany, but was later translated and went public in other countries across Europe.

This artifact is relevant as these depictions of the tangles that produce Alzheimer's symptoms are still one of the leading areas of research regarding the disease. Even though these were identified and depicted over a century ago, they are still extremely relevant to the disease and its treatments today.

Nyamhistorymed, et al. “The Legacy of Aloysius ‘Alois’ Alzheimer.” Books, Health and History, 12 June 2015, nyamcenterforhistory.org/2015/06/15/the-legacy-of-aloysius-alois-alzheimer/. ]]> 2021-04-20 17:50:59 UTC https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439221277 max1217 https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439268454 Emil Kraepelin wrote a book regarding various aspects of psychiatry, most notably naming Alzheimer's and describing its symptoms. This book is extremely relevant to Alzheimer's research over time, as it is the first time Alzheimer's is given its name and correlated with its symptoms.

This book was published in 1904. However, the content of the book is still relevant today. The book goes into detail regarding the symptoms experienced by these patients, and these symptoms are still observed now.

The publication originated in Germany and was later translated and publicized to other countries and regions.

The relevance of this book is seen through the importance and truth the teachings have, even today with advances in technology and symptom knowledge. While the observed symptoms are much more understood now, this built the foundation for the currently understood symptoms and mechanism of disease.

Kraepelin, Emil. “Kraepelin's Psychiatrie : Ein Lehrbuch.” Bookdepository.com, Bloomsbury Publishing PLC, 1 July 2002, www.bookdepository.com/Kraepelins-Psychiatrie-Emil-Kraepelin/9781855069701. ]]> 2021-04-20 17:59:56 UTC https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439268454 max1217 https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439628569 Robert Katzman and Katherine Bick published a book regarding the changing views, perception, treatment, and screening of Alzheimer's disease over time. The book explains research since the 1900s regarding the disease and how research has advanced.

The book was published in 2000, and due to the up and coming technology and diagnostic techniques, this book has high relevance in terms of the background of knowledge for Alzheimer's.

This book was published in the United States, however the information within the book comes from sources across the world. The book is applicable to all studying the disease.

This book is extremely relevant to the change in Alzheimer's knowledge over time. This book shows how the knowledge of the subject has expanded and gotten more specific and targeted since it began over a century ago.

Elsevier. “Alzheimer Disease: The Changing View.” Alzheimer Disease: The Changing View - 1st Edition, 24 Apr. 2000, www.elsevier.com/books/alzheimer-disease-the-changing-view/katzman/978-0-12-401955-3. ]]> 2021-04-20 19:15:55 UTC https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439628569 max1217 https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439683296 Oskar Fischer wrote a paper, and drew out his version of the plaques found in the brains of deceased Alzheimer's patients. This book and its associated drawings prove the destruction that the disease has on the brain.

This paper was published in 1907. The drawings and information within the paper still prove relevant through the relative accuracy of the drawings given the lack of screening technology at the time.

Oskar Fischer circulated his research primarily in Czechoslovakia, however the research was not limited to the one country. The knowledge regarding the plaques created a storm of further research within Europe.

The publication is extremely relevant as it points out a further leading cause of Alzheimer's disease. Between the plaques and the tangles, most cases of Alzheimer's disease can be accounted for. This research furthered the knowledge of the causes of the disease.

Goedert, M.. “Oskar Fischer and the study of dementia.” Brain 132 (2009): 1102 - 1111.]]> 2021-04-20 19:28:53 UTC https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439683296 max1217 https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439739034 Katzman published his report on the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease as a result of the US vital statistics not presenting it as one of the leading causes of death, even though it likely is in the top five. This report shows a variety of statistics that prove the severity and necessity for further research and treatment regarding this disease.

This report was published in 1976, and since then the statistics regarding the mortality and fatality of this disease have been updated.

This was published in the United States, where the statistics were first released. However, at the time it was published, the world did not fully grasp the severity of the disease. As a result, the world statistics and understanding have improved since.

The relevance of this report is the results that came from it. Since its release, the understanding and funding towards further research in Alzheimer's has improved greatly. This report is one of the leading reasons for such improvements and is therefore a necessary artifact in this topic.

Katzman R. The Prevalence and Malignancy of Alzheimer Disease: A Major Killer. Arch Neurol.1976;33(4):217–218. doi:10.1001/archneur.1976.00500040001001]]> 2021-04-20 19:42:30 UTC https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439739034 max1217 https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439780529 This Cache County Study was conducted regarding how the use of antioxidants can reduce one's risk for developing Alzheimer's. This study is the beginning of a movement towards the treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's, rather than just the identification and research of the disease symptoms and pathology.

This report was published in 2004 and began a new movement towards antioxidant use and importance. Prior to this report, the use of antioxidants as a preventative method for neurotoxic disorders, such as Alzheimer's, was almost unheard of. Now, if you look to see preventative methods for the disease, antioxidant use is typically the first.

This report was published in the United States, but this knowledge regarding the progressive preventative methods is now prevalent in most countries where this disease is pertinent.

The report provides a variety of statistics and data analysis that show the necessity for antioxidant use as a preventative measure. The tables at this point turned away from understanding the disease itself and towards the prevention and treatment of this disorder. Once enough knowledge was gained on the disease itself, treatment and preventative research prevailed. This report was a turning point in the work in Alzheimer's over time.

Zandi PP, Anthony JC, Khachaturian AS, et al. Reduced Risk of Alzheimer Disease in Users of Antioxidant Vitamin Supplements: The Cache County Study. Arch Neurol. 2004;61(1):82–88. doi:10.1001/archneur.61.1.82]]> 2021-04-20 19:53:29 UTC https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439780529 max1217 https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439837129 This picture of Robert Katzman is from an article written about his life as an Alzheimer's advocate and lead researcher. Katzman has written three books as well as a variety of articles regarding the disease, its treatment, as well as statistics of the disease overall.

Robert Katzman worked tirelessly on his research for over 30 years and devoted a majority of his scientific career to this subject matter. While he sadly passed away in 2008, his legacy in the Alzheimer's and neuroscience community will remain.

Based on his extraordinary knowledge on the disease, its origins, its treatment, symptoms, and its changing viewpoint over time, he is a fit docent for this exhibit.

Segelken, H. Roger. “Robert Katzman, Alzheimer's Activist, Dies at 82.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 24 Sept. 2008, www.nytimes.com/2008/09/24/us/24katzman.html. ]]> 2021-04-20 20:09:16 UTC https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439837129 max1217 https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439866101 This research was performed by Dr. Harry Fu, PhD. The research questioned if there were common themes between a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, specifically Alzheimer's disease. The research found that there are two themes that are seen in all neurodegenerative disorders. The first is that these target specific neurons in the brain, and the second is that these diseases progress and worsen overtime.

This research, as well as his other research, show the importance that previous research on these diseases has had. Each artifact and each further report, study, or book published furthered knowledge on the subject of Alzheimer's disease. What started as a "peculiar disease" is now one of the most researched diseases with some of the most funding and manpower going towards it. By understanding the selectivity and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, we can further target the studies done on this disease to better treat and prevent such a horrible disorder.

Fu, Hongjun et al. “Selective vulnerability in neurodegenerative diseases.” Nature neuroscience vol. 21,10 (2018): 1350-1358. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0221-2]]> 2021-04-20 20:17:35 UTC https://padlet.com/max1217/uc0lpvshx8cw1c53/wish/1439866101