Please introduce yourself as below:

1. Selfie picture

2. Nickname

3. Age

4. Hometown

5. Previous college/school

6. EC & AE1 grades

2. Nickname : Faris

3. Age : 19

4. Hometown : Balakong

5. Previous college/school : SPM 2022

6. EC & AE1 grades:

EC A-

AE1 A+

3. 19

4. kota bharu kelantam

5. Maahad (SPM 2022)

   
   

6. EC B

   AE1 A

21 TAHUN

SUNGAI PETANI KEDAH

IKM

Ec =C+

Ae1= C

1. 20 years old

2. Seremban, Negeri sembilan

3. Kolej vokasional Ampangan

4. EC- c , AET - B+

3. Age : 22

4. Hometown : Putrajaya

5. Previous college / school : SPM

6. EC & AE1 grades : C- & C

JAWAD BIN MOHD SYAMSUL

JAWAD

20

Taman Pelangi Semenyih

SPM

AE1 = C

Age:21

Hometown:Kelantan pasir mas

Previous school:IKM Beseri

EC grade - C

AE1 grade -C

Age : 19

Hometown : Kuching, Sarawak

Previous school : SPM

EC grades : C

AE 1 grades : B-

3.19

4.Johor

5.SMK (SPM)

6.EC (B+) , AE1 (A)

Hometown: Ipoh, Perak

P.College: Giatmara

Ec: C Ae: C

putrajaya & johor

dulu bljr kt kolej vokasional kota tinggi

ec: C & AE1: C+

19

KL

Kv Electronics

Ec C+ , Ae1 C

Unit 1 Power Amplifiers

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Class A P.A - capacitor couple

learn about Q, ac load line dc load line.

learn new formula

L

learn about transformer couple and power supply.

doing calculating how to do a transformer couple RPY and RL. And learn new chapter power supply that have four element. transformer, rectifier, filter and regulator

Also,I learned about element basic of power supply,I get to know transformers, rectifier, filter and regulator.....

Rpy =0 if neglet

Topic 2

I learn basic power supply

Element of power supply

1.tranfomers

2.refecter

3.filter

4.regulator

i learn that there’s different on how to calculate and find the vceq which is there is rpy and RL prime to find the RAC.

Power supply

learn what is power supply and the element of power supply which is transformer, rectifier, filter and also regulator.

In power supply I remembered that Malaysia supplies 240VAC, Also learned that there's 4 elements that helps the power supply to work which is transformer, rectifier, filter & regulator. And the 'gelombang' of waves for those 4

Also we got next topic on chapter 1, Transformers couple calculation

Vo=vz -vbe use when z turn on ,

Second i learn function of regulator element

- Have 3 Circuit in regulator circuit. Simple, improve and Shunt, one more is IC

After i learn improve series voltage i learn about shunt voltage regulator and i found "when vo tries to increase, vbe2 will increase because vz is fix"

*every VBE will always remain the same value as 0.7

I learned that potential meter is the same as variable resistor but 'leceh' to use due to changing it's polarity we have to use a screwdriver.

For shunt, there's the use of voltage divider rule, and there's an RS resistor also IS is almost the same to IS' but "almost" is ment by the ib which has a small amount of value.

i. Single Ended Input Mode

ii. Differential Mode Input

iii. Common Mode Input

.Differentsl mod have input 1 adn input 2 diffrent magnitud and phase

.Single ended input mode one input to vin and vs another to ground

1. Single ended input (only one is connected to Vin & the other is grounded)

2. Differential mode input (Both is connected to Vin but different magnitude & phase)

3. Common mode input (Both is connected to Vin with same magnitude & phase)

Learned about the 3 modes, single input ended mode, differential input mode and common input mode

Have 2 goldes rules v+=0 or v+=-v and I+=1=0

about negative feedback that have 3 types, i. non inventing amplifier circuit.. ii. inventing amplifier circuit.. iii. voltage follower.

Inverting amplifier circuit

Non inverting amplifier circuit

Voltage follower

Open loop and close loop

1. Non inverting amplifier

2. Inverting amplifier

3. Voltage follower

2 golden rules in negative feedback configurations:

1. Voltage different between inputs is zero

V+ -V- = 0 / V+ = V-

2. Inputs terminals draws no current

I+ = I- = 0

Have 2 type zero lavel detector and non zero lavel detector

Zero level detector: Vref = 0V

Non zero level detector: Vref = given

There are 2 conditions which is

v+ > v- = Vo saturate at Vs+

V+ < V- = Vo saturate at Vs-

2 conditions for comparator:

1. when ( v+ > v- ), vo will saturate at vs+

2. when ( v- > v+ ), vo will saturate at vs-

zero level detector and non zero level detector

Vref= (r2/(r1+r2))X vdc for non zero level

Vref =

:____R1_____ x. Vcd

R2 + R1.

New education learned today is that Vref has 2 types which is Voltage divider & Vdc

-Compare is use to compare two input voltage and amplify the difference

-Compare is configured in open loop condition

-Two type is Zero level detector and Non-Zero level detector

Today, I learned about Zero Level Detectors and Non-Zero Level Detectors, which are used to compare Vin to Vref in circuits.

First= Non-Unity Gain

Second= Unity Gain

Three = Scalling Adder

• Combine signals

• Configured in closed loop

• Add signals or scale them

Modes

• Unity gain (R=Rf)

• Non unity gain (R=R≠Rf)

• Scaling adder (R≠Rf)

3 modes=

1. unity gain (Rn=Rf)

2. non unity gain(Rn=Rn≠Rf)

3. scalling adder(Rn≠Rf

-Non unity gain

-Scalling addeder

This is on 4.2 topic of Summing Amplifier

• +Ve cycle, -ve ramp

• Differentiator

  • I/p triangle, o/p square

• Integrator

  • I/p square, o/p triangle

Integrator uses a formula for the calculation which are rate if change, output voltage & wave form.. also the input waveform is square and output waveform is triangular.. for differentiator has the opposite waveforms of integrator..

the diff about this topic compared to before, this operation includes with capacitor that causes triangular waveform to participate in this topic which include charge and discharging operation

-rate of change in integrator,change of waveform shape,

-differentiator output waveform & output voltage

• +Ve cycle, -ve ramp

• Differentiator

  • I/p triangle, o/p square

  • Finds vo

• Integrator

  • I/p square, o/p triangle

  • Finds vo & rate of change (v/s)

- Applied formulas to analyze circuits.

- Understood signal transformations.

low pass filters

high pass filters

band pass filters

there is two pole which is single pole and double pole

learn the difference of frequency response curve for low pass filters and high pass filters

low freq high pass=current will block at fc,

low freq low pass= current will flow through.

They have 2 types of oscillators. 1) Low Frequency 2) High Frequency.....in low frequency they 2 type....RC phase Shift and Wien Bridge.....and for high frequency they have 3 types....1) Hartley 2) Colpilts 3) Crystal

• 2 types of oscillators

  • Low frequency (RC phase shift & wien-bridge)

  • High frequency (hartley, colpitts & crystal)

1. A DC power Source

2. Amplifier Circuit or Device

3. Elements or Circuit

4. Positive Feedback

Thanks Senseiii

5.1 principles & operational

• A DC power source

• Amplifier circuit or device

• Elements or circuit for oscillation frequency determination

• Positive feedback connection

Operation

• Supplied by DC voltage

• Independently generate & amplify output signal

• Output signal whether sinusoidal or rectangular

1/3 =R3=R4,c1=c2

X

3=R1=2R2,R2=0.5 XR1

oscillator has 2 types:

-low frequency oscillator

-high frequency oscillator

• Monostable - has stable state, uses button

• Astable - uses power supply, produce continuous sine wave

5.4: element of multivibrator

-monostable :

1) One stable state: The circuit stays in this state until triggered.

-astable

1) No stable state: The circuit never rests in one state.

-use 555 timer ic, main device

Part 1 : voltage divider circuit

- provides HIGH and LOW

threshold voltage

Part 2 : comparator circuit

- Act as a sensor detecting

voltage & compare it with

threshold voltage

Part 3 : flip flop

- Act as a controller, receive

input and decide outputs

Part 4 : transistor

- Switch to charge/discharge

external capacitor.

There are also about configuration & timing control circuit :

1. Voltage divider circuit

2. Comparator circuit

3. Flip flop

4. Transistor