Antibiotics, Antivirals, and Vaccines by Diana Sofía Rodríguez Valderrama

Immune system:

dianarodriguezv1004 — 2020-12-15 13:56:32 UTC

The immune system is designed to protect you against pathogens.

Pathogens:

dianarodriguezv1004 — 2020-12-15 14:01:11 UTC

They can be all kinds of things; bacterias, viruses, parasitic worms, protists, fungi, among others.

Antibiotics:

2020-12-15 14:01:53 UTC

Not all bacteria are bad, in fact, many bacteria play many useful roles in our bodies and the environment, infectious types of bacteria can be a problem.

Vaccines:

camilacortezcastro1307 — 2020-12-15 14:03:39 UTC

They are a way to expose your body to a weakened form of a pathogen. And, as the pathogen is inactive or weakened, this prevents you from developing the disease after vaccination.

Lines of defence:

dianarodriguezv1004 — 2020-12-15 14:06:25 UTC

The human body has 3 main lines of defense to fight foreign invaders, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. The three lines of defense of the immune system include physical and chemical barriers, nonspecific innate responses, and specific adaptive responses.

1st line of defence:

dianarodriguezv1004 — 2020-12-15 14:11:50 UTC

Includes skin and mucous membranes.

2nd line of defence:

dianarodriguezv1004 — 2020-12-15 14:12:08 UTC

Includes macrophages (phagocytic white blood cells).

3rd line of defence:

dianarodriguezv1004 — 2020-12-15 14:12:27 UTC

Includes B and T cells (lymphocytes-specific type of white blood cells).

Process of vaccination:

camilacortezcastro1307 — 2020-12-15 14:24:54 UTC

Our body initiates a response from our inmune system. This includes the production of antibodies against the pathogen. 
The body and the pathogen become familiar and in this way, our body will be inmune to the pathogen, attack it in a fast way.

Phathogens:

2020-12-15 14:27:14 UTC

Some antibodies bind to a pathogen and thus the pathogen cannot function properly. The immune cells can contain a type of memory when they encounter a pathogen. This may include the ability of your immune cells to produce antibodies against pathogens that they have encountered before.

Memory B and T cells:

dianarodriguezv1004 — 2020-12-15 14:28:45 UTC

This is very significant because these cells can “remember” a pathogen.

These memory B and T cells remain in the body.

Antivirals

2020-12-15 14:30:38 UTC

Antivirals made to treat viruses infections, it can be on pills, liquid or in a IV form

Antibiotics:

2020-12-15 14:46:58 UTC

in almost all the cases antiviotics are pills:

dianarodriguezv1004 — 2020-12-15 20:10:59 UTC

T lymphocytes, or T cells, and B lymphocytes, or B cells.

B and T cells are very specific for reacting to antigens.

Antigens are molecules that can be found on the pathogens.

Herd immunity

ypatove — 2020-12-15 20:27:05 UTC

Is when others around the people are vaccinated against a certain pathogen, that may offer, made then immune to the pathogen because it can't spread to them; so it will be a protection for them and the ones around them.

How to use it?

ypatove — 2020-12-15 20:33:28 UTC

You have to take it in a exact time of the day so you can affect the virus.

How do they work ?

ypatove — 2020-12-15 20:36:17 UTC

Most of them antivirals work affecting the duplication of the virus and is difficult cause the virus can duplicate by using their own cells so the antivirals have to be able to detect the virus without affecting your own cells so if the virus use a critical protein that use a host cell the antivirals stop producing that protein.

What are the causes?

dianarodriguezv1004 — 2020-12-15 20:56:01 UTC

These bacteria are what cause pharyngitis, staph infections, some types of pneumonia, urinary infections.

More about the vaccines:

dianarodriguezv1004 — 2020-12-15 21:04:52 UTC

Vaccines can be effective against different types of bacteria and viruses.
Thanks to vaccines, some bacterial and viral diseases have been eliminated.
Some people cannot receive vaccines because their immune system has a disease, or it is a baby who is not yet old enough to receive many vaccines, or because it is a pregnant mother.
Vaccines not only offer protection for the person who receives them, they can also offer protection to the people around them.

Antigens:

dianarodriguezv1004 — 2020-12-15 21:25:06 UTC

Antigens are what is a molecule that can be found in a pathogen.

Antibodies:

dianarodriguezv1004 — 2020-12-15 21:26:36 UTC

Antibodies are proteins produced by some of the cells of the immune system, such as B cells, that can be used to help fight pathogens.